The purpose of this study was to understand the influence of instant noodle's selection attribution on satisfaction and to empirically analyze whether or not grade (elementary schoolchildren, middle school students, high school students) plays a moderating role in the relationship between selection attribution and satisfaction. Further, this study examined the differences in demographic characteristics among two groups of subjects divided by instant noodle's selection attribution. Based on a total of 1021 samples, this study verified a total of 3 hypotheses using the SPSS program. Data were analyzed by frequency analysis, chi-square, t-test, factor analysis, reliability analysis, cluster analysis, discriminant analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis. Results of the study were as follows. There were three different instant noodle's selection attributions among the children and adolescents investigated: internal element, external element, and company reliability. The multiple regression results show that internal element (=.391), external element (=.239), and company reliability (=.063) among customers' selection attributions had significant positive effects on satisfaction. In addition, the effect of selection attribution upon satisfaction was partially moderated according to grade. Further, cluster analysis divided subjects into two groups according to instant noodle's selection attribution: high-selection group vs. low-selection group. The wo groups of subjects classified by instant noodle's selection attribution were also different from each other in demographic characteristics. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.

This study considered the whole intake patterns and realities of consumption of instant noodles on sales targeting children and adolescents. Based on a total of 1021 subjects, data from self-administrated questionnaires were collected and analyzed using comparative statistical analysis, including frequency, chi-square, t-test, and one-way ANOVA. Results of the study were as follows. The preference levels for instant noodles by children and adolescents were 5.25, thereby showing a more than moderate preference. Middle school boy students' preference for instant noodles was the highest. The main reason for preferring instant noodles was taste and convenience. The main reason for disliking instant noodles was poor nutrition and likelihood of becoming fat. The intake of instant noodles was the highest between lunch and dinner with a frequency of once to twice per week. Content of soup powder given taking instant noodles was the largest in having putted all. The soup quantity of being left given taking instant noodles was possessed the majority in almost not eating soup. The main reason for not consuming soup was being full or concerns for health. A significant difference was observed in preference level for instant noodles and in intake patterns depending on the respondents' general characteristics. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the flexicurve kyphosis index (KI), the flexicurve lordosis index (LI) and the distance from the inferior angle of the scapula to the nearest vertebral spinous process (DS), as a dependent variable of scapular protraction, after applying of adolescents with thoracic hyperkyphosis using three different garments. A repeated measures design was used. Ten adolescents ( years) with thoracic hyperkyphosis ( Cobb angle) were recruited from a university hospital. A flexicurve ruler was used to measure KI and LI and a scoliometer was used to measure DS under three different conditions: wearing-a hospital garment (HG), wearing-a sham garment (SG), and wearing-an experimental garment (EG). KI under EG condition was significantly decreased compared with that wearing the HG. However, there was no significant difference between wearing the SG and HG. LI when wearing the EG was significantly increased compared with that when wearing HG. However, there was no significant difference under SG and HG conditions. DS when wearing the EG was significantly decreased compared with wearing HG. However, there was no significant difference between the SG and HG. The results of this study show that the EG was effective in decreasing KI, but not effective in decreasing LI. Hence, the effect of the EG for correcting sagittal spine angle in adolescents with thoracic hyperkyphosis is still debatable. However, since we showed that DS decreases in the EG, this method could be applied in correcting the scapular protraction.

본 연구는 가정의 심리적 환경과 대인관계기술이 청소년 인터넷 게임중독에 미치는 영향력을 확인하고자 하였다. 연구대상은 중․고등학교 남․여학생 313명이었다. 본 연구의 자료 분석은 상관분석과 중다회귀분석이 사용되었다. 본 연구를 통해 나타난 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 가정의 심리적 환경은 인터넷 게임중독에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 하위변인에서는 친밀도가 게임중독에 상대적으로 더 많은 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 가정의 심리적 환경은 대인관계기술에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 하위변인에서는 부모존경과 존중이 대인관계기술에 상대적으로 더 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 셋째, 대인관계기술은 인터넷 게임중독에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 하위변인에서는 만족감이 게임중독에 상대적으로 더 많은 영향을 미쳤다.

본 연구는 미래사회에 주인이 될 현재 청소년을 대상으로 전통주거 ‘한옥’ 교육에 기여하고자, 청소년을 중심으로 한옥 경관의 이미지를 파악하는데 그 목적을 두었다. 한옥 경관 이미지는 문헌에 사용된 형용사 어휘와 청소년이 사용하는 어휘를통해 추출하였다. 청소년의 한옥 경관 이미지 평가는 쌍극 형용사를 5점 리커르트(Likert)척도로 평가하는 SD법으로 측정하였으며 한옥에 대한 이해를 돕기 위해 김동수 한옥 사진을 보조적으로 제시하였다. 청소년 조사대상은 전주시의 4개 중학교의 남녀학생 각 120명씩 240명을 대상으로 하였으며 이들에게 설문지를 배부하여 회수하였다. 회수된 설문지 중 미비한 자료를제외한 236부를 분석 자료로 사용하였다. 자료의 분석은 SPSS 17.0 통계프로그램을 이용하여 빈도, 평균, 표준편차의 기술통계분석을 하였다. 연구결과는 첫째, 문헌과 청소년 조사에서 추출한 한옥 경관 이미지는 41쌍의 쌍극 형용사였으며 그 속성은 자연미,절제미, 공간감, 정서감, 기능성, 외형성, 정체성에 관한 것으로 파악되었다. 둘째, 청소년을 대상으로 요인분석한 결과 30쌍의형용사로 한옥경관이미지를 파악할 수 있었으며 그 속성은 심미성, 기능성, 정서감, 공간감, 수수함, 조화성, 안정감, 사회문화성,시민성의 9개 요인으로 파악되었다. 그리고 의미분별척도법에 의한 청소년의 한옥 경관이미지 평가결과, 심미성, 기능성,정서감, 공간감은 명확한 이미지였으나 수수함, 안정감, 사회문화성, 시민성에 관한 한옥 경관이미지는 다소 강하지 못한 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 청소년이 지각한 한옥의 경관이미지 속성은 전통이라고 하는 시대적 특성을 담는 이미지와더불어 평범한 인간미를 갖는 수수함, 정서감, 시민성의 특성으로 현대 주택과 차별화 되는 것이다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate nutritional knowledge, practice of eating behavior guidelines, and problematic dietary habits in working high school students in comparison with non-working high school students. A survey questionnaire was formulated to obtain information on demographic variables, body size, part-time jobs, nutritional knowledge, practice of eating behavior guidelines, and dietary habits. The developed questionnaire was given out to 515 students attending a vocational high school in Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do. Those who had been working 5 hours or more per day for at least a month at the time of survey administration were defined as working students for this study. Proportions of working students were similar between male and female students (i.e. 49.5% for male, 50.5% for female). No significant difference was found in scores of nutritional knowledge between working (8.43±2.29) and non-working students (8.60±2.19). However, some dietary habits were found to be dependent on working status. While approximately 43% of non-working students reported skipping a meal, about 57% of working students did so (p〈0.01). The proportion of students with any drinking experience was significantly higher among working students (92%) compared to non-working students (80%) (p〈0.001). Working students were found to drink alcoholic beverages more often than non-working students (p〈0.001). The mean score of practice of eating behavior guidelines was lower in working students than non-working students. The magnitude of this difference was modest (51.33±0.63 in working students, 53.40±0.51 in non-working students), but reached statistical significance (p〈0.01). Based on the findings from this study, it is suggested that specific behavior-oriented messages to improve certain problematic dietary habits need to be directed toward working high school students.

The purpose of this study was to examine differences between sports involement followed by demographical characteristic and sports star image and relations between involement and image to examine an effect of juveniles’ involement in sports on sports star

본 연구는 저소득 가정 청소년의 자아존중감이 학업성취도에 영향을 끼친다는 이론적 전제하에 강북구 내 방과후 공부방을 이용하는 청소년 초등학교 5․6학년과 중학교 1․2학년 56명을 대상으로 학업성취도의 상․중․하에 따른 학생의 자아존중감과 학업성취도 간, 성별에 따른 자아존중감과 학업성취도 간의 상관분석을 하였다. 그 결과 저소득 가정 청소년의 자아존중감이 학업성취도와 유의미한 관계가 있음이 나타났으며 또한 자아존중감이 학업성취도에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 다중회귀분석을 하여 자아존중감이 학업성취도에 미치는 영향이 58.9%로 나타났다. 자아존중감 요인 중 사회적 자아존중감과 가정내 자아존중감, 일반적 자아존중감 순으로 학업성취도에 영향을 미쳤으며 이들 요인이 클수록 학업성취도가 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 저소득 가정 청소년의 자아존중감과 학업성취도와의 관계를 살펴본 결과 자아존중감을 높게 지각할수록 성적에 대하여 만족하고 있으며 학업성취도 또한 높게 나타났다. 이상과 같은 결과를 통해 본 연구는 자아존중감과 학업성취도 간에 상관관계가 있음이 나타났고 이를 통해 저소득 청소년에게 긍정적 자아존중감과 학업성취도를 높이기 위한 방법을 찾고자 한다. 본 연구의 대상은 강북구 관내 방과후 공부방을 이용하는 56명의 청소년만을 대상으로 조사한 것으로 연구결과를 일반화하기에는 한계가 있다.

The objective of this study was to investigate the consumption pattern of snacks-containing trans-fatty acid in adolescents living in the Kwang-ju area of Korea, and to analyze the relevance toward their eating behaviors, body composition, nutrient intakes, and consumption frequency of snacks-containing trans fatty acid. A survey questionnaire was developed in order to investigate general environmental factors, eating behavior, nutritional knowledge, and the consumption frequency of snacks-containing trans fatty acid. A total of 312 middle school students were surveyed. The collection rate was 97% and ultimately 282 cases were analyzed. Anthropometric measurements, body composition data, and nutrient intakes were also collected. The consumption frequencies for snacks-containing trans-fatty acid were negatively correlated with food behavior scores (p〈0.01) however, pocket money and snack intake frequency per day were positively correlated with consumption frequency. Also, snack consumption frequency had some correlation with the subjects' anthropometric measurements and body composition data such as total body water (p〈0.01), body protein (p〈0.01), body minerals (p〈0.01), and skeletal muscle mass (p〈0.01). Finally, the consumption frequency of snacks-containing trans fatty acid was significantly correlated with calcium intake (p〈0.05), it also showed correlations with vitamin A, retinol, β-carotene, and folic acid intake, although statistical significance was not verified.

본 연구에서는 정서능력과 뇌반구 기능이 문제행동에 미치는 영향을 밝히는 것이 주된 목적이었다. 남자 중학생 1,050명을 연구의 대상으로 하여 정서능력척도검사(Trait Meta-Mood Scale), 뇌 정보처리 특성 검사(Brain Preference Indicator Test), 그리고 공격성과 비행은 한국판 아동자기보고 검사(Korea Youth Self Report-Child Behavior Check List)를 사용하여 조사 연구하였다 연구 대상은 초기청소년기에 해당하는 남녀 중학생 1,479명을 표집하였다. 연구결과 문제행동을 많이 가진 집단은 보통 아동들에 비해 정서능력 요인중 정서의 명확성이 유의미하게 낮았으며, 자신에 대한 정서 주의는 많이 기울이는 것으로 나타났다. 뇌정보 처리에서는 주로 우반구 우세적 정보처리를 많이 하는 것으로 나타났다 뇌정보처리 특성과 정서 명확성 그리고 정서주의가 문제행동의 하위 요인인 공격성향과 비행성향 모두 유의미하게 설명하는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 성별과 정서개선, 성별과 정서명료의 상호작용효과가 나타나, 이 두 요인이 공격성과 비행에 영향을 주는 효과가 남자와 여자학생 간에 다르게 나타났다.

The present study was conducted to investigate the relation of eating behavior and food intake to 534 adolescents' obesity indices. Group means of relative body weight (RBW) were 93.66 for males and 97.12 for females. Body mass index(BMI) were 20.39 for males and 20.41 for females. Respondents were divided into 3 groups on the basis of RBW as an obesity index. Astonishingly, 44.76% of total respondents were underweight and 12.92% overweight and obese. 64.54% of respondents usually skipped their breakfasts and 24.23% their dinners. More males did not have their breakfasts than females. In contrast, more females skipped their dinners than males. A significant difference was found between males and females in their eating habits(p<.001) that should be changed. As their undesirable eating habits, males pointed out 'skipping meals', while females stressed 'overeating'. There were more overeating respondents in the overweight group, while more respondents skipping their meals were found in the underweight group. Many females(72.79%) and males(52.78%) tended to alternate consistently overeating and fasting to lose weight. The most important reason for losing weight was to improve their appearance(61.12%). In addition, nutrient score indices of respondents were very low with a mean of 33.39. Only 42.13% of total respondents showed good nutrient score indices. More males ate meat, bean, white vegetables, potato and fat than females(p<.05), whereas more females ate bread, rice cake and fruit than males(p<.01). Among the 3 groups -overweight, normal weight and underweight groups, overweight group was the most eaters of meat, fish, egg and milk; underweight group was the least eaters of them.