Zinc-ion Batteries (ZIBs) are currently considered to be effective energy storage devices for wearable electronics because of their low cost and high safety. Indeed, ZIBs show high power density and safety compared with conventional lithium ion batteries (LIBs) and exhibit high energy density in comparison with supercapacitors (SCs). However, in spite of their advantages, further current collector development is needed to enhance the electrochemical performance of ZIBs. To design the optimized current collector for high performance ZIBs, a high quality graphene film is suggested here, with improved electrical conductivity by controlling the defects in the graphene film. The graphene film showed improved electrical conductivity and good electron transfer between the current collector and active material, which led to a high specific capacity of 346.3 mAh g-1 at a current density of 100 mA g-1, a high-rate performance with 116.3 mAh g-1 at a current density of 2,000 mA g-1, and good cycling stability (68.0 % after 100 cycles at a current density of 1,000 mA g-1). The improved electrochemical performance is firmly because of the defects-controlled graphene film, leading to improved electrical conductivity and thus more efficient electron transfer between the current collector and active material.

The new & renewable energy including solar heat has been widely used to reduce the fossil fuel. Air-heating collector of solar heat is usually known as technology that supplies the hot air to indoor room. However, this study aims to investigate the possibility of cold room by air-heating collector of solar heat. The thermal flow in cold room was simulated using ANSYS-CFX program and thus the behaviors of cold air were evaluated with standard k-ε turbulence model. As the results, there was space in indoor room not showing cooling effect in case that both inlet and outlet were installing at bottom. Inlet temperature showed greater cooling effect than inlet velocity. Furthermore it was confirmed that the location and the temperature, respectively, capable of cooling indoor room could be predicted by changing the attached position of inlet and outlet.

Owing to its low cost, easy fabrication process, and good ionic properties, aqueous supercapacitors are under strong consideration as next-generation energy storage devices. However, the limitation of the current collector is its poor electrochemical stability, leading to low energy storage performance. Therefore, a reasonable design of the current collector and the acidic electrolyte is a necessary, as well as interfacial engineering to enhance the electrochemical performance. In the present study, graphite foil, with excellent electrochemical stability and good electrical properties, is suggested as a current collector of aqueous supercapacitors. This strategy results in excellent electrochemical performance, including a high specific capacitance of 215 F g−1 at a current density of 0.1 A g−1, a superior high-rate performance (104 F g−1 at a current density of 20.0 A g−1), and a remarkable cycling stability of 98 % at a current density of 10.0 A g−1 after 9,000 cycles. The superior energy storage performance is mainly ascribed to the improved ionic diffusion ability during cycling.

When a radial collector well is installed and operated for agricultural purposes, negative impacts may be observed over time due to the clogging of horizontal arms, such as reduced groundwater discharge and water quality deterioration. When radial collector well No. 2 was rehabilitated using the high-pressure impulse generation technique, the specific capacity and transmissivity were increased by 43.1 and 100.6%, respectively. In contrast, according to air surging, the specific capacity and transmissivity increased by 33.8 and 85.8%, respectively, compared to the initial rate before rehabilitation. During the operation of radial collector wells since construction, the time of well rehabilitation can be effectively determined by continuously monitoring the groundwater level and pumping rate of the radial collector wells, thereby preventing a decrease in productivity.

In this study, the flow by impingement at water dust collector with movable nozzle was analyzed by computational fluid technique. The velocity and vorticity of the dust collector were compared by positioning the nozzle to up and down. Also, the mean velocity were compared through three specific locations that were the diffuser inlet, movable nozzle surface and dust collector outlet. It can be checked that the vorticity and velocity magnitude are verified by the fluid solver of Fluent. As the result of this study, the movable nozzle located at 4cm down from initial position of the nozzle shows the great characteristics of vorticity and velocity distribution for dust collection.

본 연구는 프레드릭 스티버트가 1905년 피렌체 시에 기증한 스티버트 박물관(Stibbert Museum) 의 컬렉션과 전시를 통해 컬렉터의 문화적 의도를 분석한다. 하우스 뮤지엄으로 컬렉터가 직접 수집하고 기획한 전시 공간은 만국박람회의 구조를 차용해서 의상과 갑옷을 중심으로 유럽 귀족의 역사를 강조하고 있다. 이를 통해 그는 산업혁명과 이탈리아 통일운동의 격변기 속에서 자신이 속한 사회 계급인 귀족에 대한 관점을 전시를 통해 시각화했고, 박물관에서 가장 중요한 ‘병기고의 방’에서 전시 기준을 구성하는 <성 게오르기우스>의 도상학적 역사에 대한 분석은 그가 이탈리아의 통일에 대한 역사적 근거를 강조하며 동시에 영국인이자 이탈리아인으로서 자신의 정체성을 투영했다는 점을 알 수 있다.

A centrifugal cyclone dust collecting apparatus includes a hydro cyclone dust collecting apparatus for separating solid or liquid using liquid or suspension as a medium. In this study, the formation mechanism and improvement of air core and inner air layer were confirmed through Particle Image Velocimetry. These results showed that the modified experimental model was designed in the conventional method suitable for the separation of juvenile fish and eggs. The inlet speed of the multi-stage hydrocyclone dust collector, which can increase the inlet velocity and minimize floatage in the turbulence chamber, was increased from 0.15 to 0.30 m/s. As a result, the air core was stably formed, the inner air layer was increased with increasing speed. In addition, the dust collecting efficiency of egg and juvenile fish was 97.8% on average, It can infer that this system confirmed the ability to efficiently collect particles of 40 μm or more.

본 연구에서는 UTC 시스템을 대표적인 농업시설인 돈사에 적용하기에 앞서, UTC 제어 시스템 및 프 로그램 개발에 따른 돈사 내 적정 사육 환경 유지 및 난방에너지 저감을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자, 2 동의 실험돈사를 제작, UTC 제어 시스템 적용에 따른 실험돈사 내부 온도 변화 및 에너지를 비교, 분석 하였다. 제어 시스템은 T1∼T4, 총 4점의 온도를 측정 후 프로그램 내 알고리즘에 의해 O1∼O5, 총 5개 의 출력 신호를 ON/OFF 방식으로 각각 제어하도록 구성하였다. 온도 설정은 실험돈사 내부 온도 28. 0℃, UTC 내부 온도 34.0℃로 설정하였고, 측정된 온도와 비교를 통해 출력 신호를 제어하였다. 3일 간, 제어 시스템을 가동한 돈사의 경우 최고 온도는 평균 31.8℃로 측정되었다. 같은 시간, 비교돈사의 최고 온도는 평균 36.6℃로 제어 시스템을 가동한 돈사의 내부 온도가 약 4.8℃ 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 제어 프로그램의 가동에 따라 UTC 플레넘 최고 온도는 평균 50.5℃까지 상승한 것으로 나타났다.

This paper attempted to bridge this gap by identifying the number of flat-plate solar collectors. The characteristics of wind pressure coefficients acting on flat-plate solar collectors which are most widely used were investigated for various wind direction. Findings from this study found that the location where the maximum wind pressure coefficient occurred in the solar collector was the edge of the collector. Regarding the characteristics according to the number of collectors, the paper found that downward wind pressure coefficient of the lower edge of the collector was higher than the upward wind pressure coefficient of the upper edge of the collector in the basic module (1 piece). However, as the number of collectors increases, the upward wind pressure coefficient of the upper edge become higher than the downward wind pressure coefficient of the lower edge. Finally yet important, it was found that the location of the maximum wind pressure coefficient was changed according to the number of solar collectors.

Recently, odor and white smoke emitted from textile industry has emerged as a social problem. Most of pollutants from textile industry is due to the emissions from tenter facility, and in many case wet scrubber is widely used for treating this waste gas from tenter facility. However, it is still difficult to improve the environment of textile complex because of low treatment efficiency. For this reason, we carried out the EFC (Electric Fume Collector) pilot test (50 CMM) for removing odorous substances from waste gas emitted from tenter facility. EFC is a kind of wet electrostatic precipitator. As a result of this study, pollutants and white smoke were eliminated effectively and quite large amounts of oil could be recovered.

본 연구는 낙동강 진우도 전면의 해빈 포집시험구에서의 비사의 방향성을 조사하고 이를 바탕으로 해안표사 및 비사이동의 정량적․ 정성적 해석을 수행하고자 하였다. 춘계 약 1개월간 조사된 비사포집 결과를 바탕으로 해안사구 전면의 표사는 거동하며 서남(WS)방향에서 우 세하였다. 하지만 기상관측소 자료에 따른 풍향과 포집된 모래의 방향과는 다소 차이를 나타내었다.

To use effectively the solar energy in greenhouse heating, a high performance solar collector should be developed. And then the size of the solar collector and thermal storage tank should be determined through the calculation of heating load. The solar collector must be set in the optimum tilt angle and direction to take daily solar radiation maximally, and the flow rate of heat transfer fluid through the solar collector should be kept in the optimum range. In this research, the performance tests of a capillary tube solar collector were performed to determine the optimum water flow rate and the results summarized as follows. 1. The regressive equations for efficiency estimations of the capillary tube solar collector in the open loop were modeled in the water flow rate of 700-l,000 l/hr. 2. The optimum water flow rate of the solar collector was estimated by the second order polynomial regression and the maximum efficiency was 80% at the water flow rate of 850 l/hr. 3. The solar thermal storage system consisted of a capillary tube solar collector and a water storage tank was tested at the water flow rate of 850 l/hr in the closed loop, and obtained the solar thermal storage efficiency of 55.2%. 4. As the capillary tube solar collector engaged in this experiment was made of non-corrosive polyolefin tubes, its weight was as light as 1/30 of the flat plate solar collector made of copper tubes. Therefore it was considered to be suitable for the greenhouse heating system.

The aim of this study was to analyze the light traits in a solar light-collector device and its effects on lettuce growth at an early growth stage. The three hyper parameters used were the reflector diameter (2 cm and 4 cm), coating inside the reflector (chrome-coated, non-coated) and distance from the light fiber (15 cm and 20 cm). The results showed that light efficiency, which is the ratio of light intensity inside the fiber to the solar intensity, improved by 41.1 % when using a 2 cm diameter chrome-coated reflector at a distance of 15 cm from the light fiber; whereas it only improved by 20.6% when a non-coated reflector was used. As the reflector size was increased to 4 cm, the light efficiency for the coated and non-coated reflectors increased by 28.5 % and 26.4 %, respectively, hence, no significant difference was observed. When the light fiber was placed at a distance of 20 cm, the increase in light efficiency with coating treatment was 8 % higher than without coating treatment. We also compared the efficiency of light-fiber treatment with that of LED treatment in our lettuce nursery, and observed that the plants exhibited better growth with light-fiber treatment. We observed an average increase of 1.7 cm in leaf height, 7 cm2/plant increase in leaf area, and 32 mm increase in root length upon light-fiber treatment as opposed to those observed with LED treatment. These findings indicate that the collector light-fiber is economically feasible and it improves lettuce growth compared with the LED treatment.

In this study, the development of gravity type collecting device for nuclear dismantling through CFD simulation is shown as follows. As a result of investigating the dust removal efficiency according to the treatment air velocity of 5 m/s (low speed) ～ 30 m/s (high speed), large dusts (80 ～ 100 ㎛) As the wind speed increases, the damping efficiency decreases and the particle size of the dust behavior increases with the increase of the wind speed. As a result, the wind speed (wind speed) 5 m/s is considered to be suitable for improving the vibration damping efficiency.

Laboratory analytical results of 22 sets of hydrophobic adsorbent coils containing surface soil-vapor and two soil samples collected by conventional intrusive method from each boring location at two active dry cleaning facilities in the State of Illinois, U.S.A, were presented to evaluate the performance of soil-vapor survey. The most critical factor to determine the effectiveness of soil-vapor survey is the distance from the soil-vapor sampling device to the actual contamination, which is a function of soil porosity, permeability, primary lithology, and other geological and hydrogeological site-specific parameters. Also this factor can be affected by the history of contaminant-generating operations. The laboratory analytical results in this study showed longer drycleaning operation history (i.e., 50 years) and presence of fine sand at the beneath Site B allow the contaminants to migrate farther and deeper over a fixed time compared to Site A(i.e., 35 years and silty clay) so that the soil-vapor survey is not likely the most effective environmental site investigation method alone for Site B. However, for Site A, the soil-vapor survey successfully screened the site to identify the location reporting the highest soil concentration of chlorinated solvents.

본 연구에서는 침투정 설치 시 침투정 토양표면의 막힘 현상에 따른 침투능 저하를 감소시키기 위한 빙안을 강구 하고자 하였다. 또한 각기 다른 토양특성에 따른 침투능의 변화를 알아보기 위하여 여러 다른 실험조건에서 침투능의 변화를 관찰하였다. 실험결과에 의하면 침투정 설치 시 침투정의 하부토양은 자갈이나 가급적 입경이 큰 토양을 설치함으로써 침투정으로부터 우수를 빠른 시간 내에 배수시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 하지만 장기적으로 시간이 경과함에 따라서