The primary objective of radiological environmental monitoring after a radiological emergency at a nuclear facility is acquisition of background data for the determination of protective actions for the population and the comprehensive assessment of the impact on the population residing in proximity to the nuclear facility. The responsible entities engaged in the conduct of the radiological environmental monitoring encompass government organization and nuclear licensees, operating in strict adherence to the national radiological disaster prevention framework. In accordance with the national radiological disaster prevention framework, radiation environmental monitoring is executed through the deployment of emergency response organization, and recurrent exercise drills aimed at augmenting responsible capabilities. In the context of radiation environmental monitoring, it is necessary to specify measurement parameters, monitoring location, and methodological protocols for each stage, considering potential exposure pathways. In terms of equipment, it is important to utilize mobile assets such as aerial or vehicle surveys for rapid and accurate radiation environment monitoring. Radiation disaster drills are regularly conducted, and the radiation environment monitoring field is also regularly trained to enhance response capabilities. The scale of these drills may vary, ranging from exclusive participation by nuclear licensees to joint exercises conducted by governmental agencies. This iterative process of periodic drills and equipment enhancements has led to a progressive augmentation of environmental monitoring capabilities, ensuring a well-coordinated orchestration of radiation monitoring within the framework of radiation protection. Notwithstanding these achievements, challenges in public communication regarding the decision to take protective actions and the dissemination of information to the public. Considering that the purpose of radiation environmental monitoring extends beyond safeguarding public health; it also serves to alleviate public anxiety. In the future, public communication between these stakeholders should also be included in disaster drill programs to ensure proper consultation between each stakeholder during drills and to build understanding and trust in radiation environmental monitoring. This is expected to improve the quality of radiation environmental monitoring response capabilities.

Seaports are under high-speed developing and booming with the extend of the facilities and equipment to support the port activities and industry’s needs. It may bring environment destruction due to the change of the environmental conditions, likes forests, soils, water, and air. Therefore, this paper aimed to analyze the negative environmental impact due to seaport activities in Malaysia. The priority dominant factors are determined through analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Malaysia Port is selected as case study and 20 respondents are selected from virous department based on their expertise. Pari-wise comparison survey is used to collect data. The results shown that the negative environmental impact’s main elements are water (0.451), noise (0.262), organism (0.181), and air (0.106). Meanwhile, the toxicity is the prominent negative environmental impact’s sub-element of port activities, which scored 0.241, followed by interfering communication (0.142), and smell (0.134). The CR values are less than 0.1 and are considered acceptable. Hence, the outcome of the paper stimulated public awareness toward environmental protection. The development and expansion of seaports must consider environment conservation and preservation, and it cannot bring irreparable sequelae to the earth.

We performed statistical analysis for a nearby (0.01 < z < 0.05) volume limited (Mr < —19) sample of galaxies via visual inspection and the definition of galaxy pair systems based on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 in order to conrm the effects of galaxy interaction on AGN activities. We found that local environmental effects such as galaxy interaction have an in uence on the enhancement of the frequency and the strength of the AGN activity. This article is the summary of the paper which will be submitted soon.

본 연구는 사내 기업가적 활동, 사회적 네트워크, 환경의 불확실성 그리고 이들 상호간의 상호작용적 영향이 중국 중소기업의 성과에 미치는 영향에 대해 살펴보는 것이다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 연구자들은 사내 기업가적 활동 그리고 사회적 네트워크가 미치는 영향과 이들의 상호작용이 기업성과에 미치는 영향에 대해 분석하고자 한다. 또한 나아가 지각된 환경의 불확실성이 높을 때 이들의 상호작용이 기업성과에 미치는 영향이 어떻게 달라질 수 있는지를 파악하고자 한다. 실증적 연구는 중국 합비성 안휘시에 있는 첨단 산업의 중소기업을 대상으로 수행되었다. 무작위로 선정된 200개 업체에 설문지를 보내고 응답받은 기업들 중에서 불성실한 것을 제외한 164개의 중소기업체가 최종 표본으로 선정되었다. 가설의 검증은 이들 기업들을 대상으로 이루어졌으며 그 결과 본 연구는 다음과 같은 결론을 도출할 수 있었다. 첫째, 중국 중소기업의 사내 기업가적 활동들은 기업성과에 유의한 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 사회적 네트워크는 그 자체로는 기업성과에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않으나 사내 기업가적 활동들 중에서 특히 혁신 및 벤처링 중심의 활동과는 유의한 상호작용적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 혁신 및 벤처링 활동과 사회적 네트워크의 상호작용은 기업에서 지각하는 환경의 불확실성이 높을 때 기업성과에 더욱 유의한 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 볼 때 기업가적 활동이 기업성과 개선을 위해 중요할 수 있으며, 사회적 네트워크는 기업가적 활동의 내용에 따라서 적절하게 활용되어야 하며, 특히 환경의 불확실성이 높을 때는 외부자원을 최대한 활용하면서 혁신과 벤처링 활동을 강조하는 것이 중국 중소기업에 있어서는 무엇보다 중요할 수 있음을 연구자들은 제시하고자 한다.

산성비의 주요 성분인 So2가 peroxidase 활성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 다양한 농도의 Na2SO3를 포함한 배지에서 벼(Oryza sativa) seedling을 배양하였다. Na2SO3는 볍씨의 발아를 억제시켰으며, 볍씨의 발아율을 50%감소시키는데 필요한 Na2SO3의 농도가 pH 7에서는 300μg/ml, PH5에서는 8μg/ml 이었으나, pH 3

본 연구는 지속가능발전교육 관점의 숲 체험활동이 유아의 환경보전지식과 환경 친화적 태도에 미치는 영향을 알아보는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 만 5세 유아 34명을 선정하였으며 수집된 자료는 SPSS WIN21.0 프로그램을 이용하여 독립표본 t검증으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 지속가능발전교육 관점의 숲 체험활동이 유아의 환경보전지식과 환경 친화적 태도에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 결론적으로 지속가능발전교육 관점의 숲 체험활동이 유아의 환경보전지식과 환경 친화적 태도에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다고 볼 수 있으며, 유아교육현장에서 지속적으로 전개된다면 유아의 환경보전지식과 환경 친화적 태도 발달을 향상시킬 수 있는 의미 있는 활동이 될 수 있음을 시사한다.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the environmental changes and human activities before and after the fortification of the Seongsan Sanseong Fortress (hereinafter mountain fortress) in Haman through using pollen analysis. For this purpose, samples were taken at the Tr-2 site in the Warm-temperate forest. The results of the analysis are as follow. ① Before and after the fortification of the mountain fortress, the area around it has changed from a broad-leaved forest (The HS-I period) into a deciduous broad-leaved forest (The HS-II period) and finally into a the mixed conifer and deciduous broad-leaved forest (The HS-III period). ② The HS-I period (before the middle of the 6th century, compared to the nationwide pollen zone RIIIa during the Postglacial) was covered with cool-temperate southern forests(including some species of Warm-temperate trees) and was very similar to the current climate environment during the Gaya period before the fortification. ③ The HS-II period (mid to late 6th century, pollen zone RIIIa) was covered with typical cool-temperate southern forests after the fortification and the temperature was slightly lower than the first stage. ④ The HS-III period (7th~8th century/9th century, pollen zone RIIIb) is an era of clear human interference, causing the destruction of forests in earnest and paving an active agricultural life.

본 연구는 정원활동 프로그램이 여중생의 자아존중감과 환경에 대한 태도 및 인식에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 학교 스트레스의 경우 정원활동 프로그램 실시 후 실험군은 평균 79.6점에서 사후 평균 73.5점으로 6.1점 감소하였고 통계적으로도 유의한 차이(t=-3,516 p=0.007)를 보였으며, 자아존중감의 경우 실험군은 사전 평균 30.7점에서 사후 평균 32.9점으로 2.2점 증가하여 통계적으로 유의한 차이(t=-3.161, p=0.012)가 있었다. 또한 환경에 대한 태도 검사에서 실험군은 사전 평균 63.6점에서 사후평균 69.1점으로 5.5점 증가하여 통계적으로 유의한 차이(t=-3.685, p=0.005)가 있었으며, 환경에 대한 인식 검사에서 실험군은 사전 평균 18.7점에서 사후 평균 23.8점으로 5.1점 증가하여 통계적으로 유의한 차이(t=-4.915, p=0.001)를 보였다. 따라서 여중생의 정원활동 프로그램은 학생들의 학교스트레스 감소, 자아존중감 향상과 환경에 대한 태도 및 인식을 증가시키는 매우 유익한 프로그램임이 확인되었다.

A mass balance of process was calculated by using the analysis of basic unit and environmental assessment of all the processes of Busan fashion color industry cooperative that operates a combined heat and power plant and a bio treatment plant. The mass balance for the combined heat and power plant was done, based on boiler and water treatment processes while each unit reactor was used for the bio treatment plant. From the results above, a resource recycle network, a treatment flowchart for food waste water/wastewater treatment and a carbon reduction program were established.

본 연구는 원예활동이 초등학생의 환경인식과 정서지능에 미치는 영향에 대하여 알아보고자 경상북도 영천시의 한 초등학교의 초등학생 13명을 대상으로 다양한 식물의 양육체험과 재활용을 이용한 원예활동을 2012년 4월 18일부터 7월 18일까지 매주 수요일 주 1회 총 13회 실시하였다. 원예활동 실시 전과 후, 환경인식의 경우, 110점에서 131.8점으로 21.8점이 향상되었다(P<0.01). 정서지능의 경우, 전체 점수는 61.6점에서 70.2점으로 8.6점이 향상되었고(P<0.05), 하위항목인 정서조절의 경우, 20.3점에서 24.1점으로 3.8점이 향상되었다(P<0.05). 또한 정서활용의 경우, 11.5점에서 15.1점으로 3.6점이 향상되었다(P<0.01). 이러한 결과로부터 초등학생을 대상으로 한 방과 후 원예활동이 자연에 대한 올바른 이해와 지식을 높이고 사회적 관계형성에 가장 중요한 요소로 평가되는 정서지능을 높이는 데 효과적이라고 할 수 있다. 차후 초등학생을 대상으로 학교뿐 아니라 가정으로 연계된 원예활동이 장기적인 차원에서 이루어진다면 아동의 정서와 관련된 사회적 문제를 해결하는 데 큰 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다.

Today’s fundamental purpose of environmental education is to fulfill people’s desire of living in a pleasant environment and at the same time promoting individualistic and collective environmentally friendly behaviors. In order to achieve these purposes, it is very important that each person holds an environmentally friendly mind that constantly tries to preserve and protect the environment which should be acquired through experiencing the importance of the environment. In order to increases the sense of attachment of people and the natural environment, the direction of environmental education should carry out education on environment related knowledge and the condition of environment damage side by side. The direction of environmental education should consider the cultivating student’s awareness for active participation on matters related to the environment and to change their behaviors towards the environment. This study has tested the effect of reflective writing activities about the environment on the environmental sensitivity and willingness to act of 5th grade primary school students. For the sole purpose of this study, 70 students out of 141 5th graders of M Primary School were divided as the experimental group, and another 71 students were divided as the control group. The experimental group participated in 10 activities in where they were asked to express their thoughts and feelings in writing regarding 10 environmental problems occurring near the M Primary School. The control group participated in 10 environmental education lectures focusing on the lecturer. The results were as following. First, the reflective writing activities about the environment were effective in the environmental sensitivity of primary school students. Second, the reflective writing activities about the environment can affect the environmental willingness to act of primary school students. Third, there was a statistically significant correlation between environmental sensitivity and environmental willingness to act.

There is much evidence suggesting that compounds present in soybean can prevent cancer in many different organ systems. Especially, soybean is one of the most important source of dietary saponins, which have been considered as possible anticarcinogens to inhibit tumor development and major active components contributing to the cholesterol-towering effect. Also they were reported to inhibit of the infectivity of the AIDS virus (HIV) and the Epstein-Barr virus. The biological activity of saponins depend on their specific chemical structures. Various types of triterpenoid saponins are present in soy-bean seeds. Among them, group B soyasaponis were found as the primary soyasaponins present in soybean, and th e 2, 3-dihydro-2, 5-dihydroxy-6- methyl-4H-pyran-4-one(DDMP)-conjugated soyasaponin α~textrmg , β~textrmg , and β a were the genuine group B saponins, which have health benefits. On the other hand, group A saponins are responsible for the undesirable bitter and astringent taste in soybean. The variation of saponin composition in soybean seeds is explained by different combinations of 9 alleles of 4 gene loci that control the utilization of soyasapogenol glycosides as substrates. The mode of inheritance of saponin types is explained by a combination of co-dominant, dominant and recessive acting genes. The funtion of theses genes is variety-specific and organ specific. Therefore distribution of various saponins types was different according to seed tissues. Soyasaponin β~textrmg was detected in both parts whereas α~textrmg and β a was detected only in hypocotyls and cotyledons, respectively. Soyasaponins ~gamma g and ~gamma~textrmg were minor saponin constituents in soybean. In case group A saponins were mostly detected in hypocotyls. Also, the total soyasaponin contents varied among different soy-bean varieties and concentrations in the cultivated soy-beans were 2-fold lower than in the wild soybeans. But the contents of soyasaponin were not so influenced by environmental effects. The composition and concentration of soyasaponins were different among the soy products (soybean flour, soycurd, tempeh, soymilk, etc.) depending on the processing conditions.