본 연구에서는 오가피(Acanthopanax sessiliflorus)의 열매 발효주를 제조하였고 발효 중 생리활성 성분의 함량 변화를 측정함으로써 그 특징을 규명하였다. 열매의 일반성분 조성은 수분75.74±0.49%(w/w), 조단백질 12.51±1.23%(w/w), 조지방 4.20±0.51.%(w/w), 조회분 5.21±1.64%(w/w)이었으며 주된 미네랄 성분은 칼륨(12.94±0.08 mg/g), 칼슘(1.53±0.06 mg/g), 마그네슘(1.12±0.05 mg/g) 등 이었다. 발효주 제조를 위해 설탕으로 24, 26, 28, 30, 32oBrix가 되도록 가당하고 발효 한 결과 30°Brix 이상 가당 하였을 경우 알콜 발효가 저해되었으므로 목적하는 최종 알콜 농도와 잔당에 따라 24-30oBrix가 되도록 조절하는 것이 바람직하였다. 발효가 진행되면서 총 폴리페놀의 함량은 증가하는 경향을 보였고 20oC로 발효한 경우가 125.24±1.86 mg/mL로 25oC(99.69±2.11 mg/mL), 30oC(95.55±1.54 mg/mL)에서 발효한 경우보다 더 많은 총 폴리페놀 함량을 보였다. 또한 전자공여능을 측정 한 결과 20, 25, 30oC에서 발효 시 각각 85.9±2.3, 55.7±2.5, 55.2±3.4%로 20oC에서 발효하였을 경우 가장 높은 전자공여능을 보였는데 이는 1%(w/v) α-tocopherol의 전자공여능과 비슷한 수준이었다. 오가피 열매의 주된 생리활성 물질인 eleutheroside B 함량은 발효가 진행됨에 따라 증가하여 최대 146.58±4.10 μg/mL에 이르렀다. 그러나 발효 온도에 따라 eleutheroside B 함량은 차이가 없음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 착색료나 동물사료로 사용되거나 폐기되는 오가피 열매가 생리활성 물질을 다량 함유한 고부가가치 기능성 식품 소재로 활용될 수 있는 가능성을 제시하였다.

The principal objective of this study was to evaluate the quality characteristics of Bokbunja pudding, using various levels of Bokbunja fruit juice (140, 150, and 130 g), Bokbunja Wine (10, 20, and 20 g), gelatin (18, 17, and 16 g) and sugar (250, 200, and 150 g). In order to establish the optimal added amounts, chemical composition, saccharinity, color, texture, and sensory evaluations were conducted, and the results of various cases were analyzed and assessed. The statistical data analyses were conducted using the SPSS program. The saccharinity of the Bokbunja pudding increased with increasing amountsof added sugar. Additionally, as the amount of added Gelatin was increased, the L values (lightness) of the Bokbunja pudding decreased. Conversely, the hardness, gumminess, and chewiness values all decreased with decreasing levels of added gelatin and sugar. The optimal mixing condition for the Bokbunja pudding was determined via sensory evaluation. Sensory characteristics, including flavor, sweetness, texture, and overall acceptability, were highest in the type C product. The chemical composition of the type C product was as follows: moisture 71.47%, carbohydrate 24.70%, crude protein 3.83%, crude fat 0.001%, and crude ash 0.001%. According to our results, the optimum mixing ratio for the most satisfactory sensory characteristics of Bokbunja was as follows: Bokbunja fruit juice 130 g, Bokbunja Wine 20 g, Gelatin 16 g, Sugar 150 g, Bokbunja Flavor 0.3 g, and Water 400 g.

Domestic fruit wines, including apple, grape, Moru, and Korean black raspberry wines, contain a wide variety of phenolic compounds with different antioxidant activity. In this study, we established a simple and reliable on-line HPLC-ABTS assay system for determination of the antioxidative characteristics of fruit wines. The quantitative analytical assay of the antioxidative properties of fruit wines was carried out using an HPLC equipped with reverse-phase C18 column, employing acetonitrile and water as gradient mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min and a detection wavelength of UV 320 nm (1st detector) and UV 734 nm (2nd detector). Among fruit wines, Moru wine showed the highest total phenolics and flavonoids content, as well as radical scavenging activity. The differences in radical scavenging activities were attributed to the structural differences in phenolic compound contents. In addition, between on-line HPLC-ABTS analysis and ABTS assay using a spectrophotometric assay gave a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9527. All in all, the present study demonstrates that the established on-line HPLC-ABTS method is simple and reliable, and can thus be used for the determination of the antioxidative characteristics of fruit wines.

이전 연구에서 포도 품종별 및 부위별 생리활성 물질을 분석한 결과 MBA 품종의 송이줄기 부위에서 transresveratrol 함량이 다른 품종에 비해 수십배 높았다. 이를 바탕으로 포도주 제조 시 버려지는 비가식 부위인 송이줄기 를 농도별로 첨가해 발효 중 발효액 및 포도주의 폴리페놀 함량을 조사하였다. 송이줄기 첨가량에 따른 발효액의 발효 중 적색도, 총안토시안 함량, 총폴리페놀 및 탄닌 함량은 발효후기로 갈수록 송이줄기 첨가에 따라 유의적으로 증가 하였고, 포도주에서도 같은 경향을 보였다. 반면 포도주의 휘발산 함량은 송이줄기 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 발효액 및 포도주의 폴리페놀 성분을 분석 한 결과 catechin(8.16∼23.08 mg/L)함량이 가장 높았으며 gallic acid(2.32∼3.28 mg/L), trans-resveratrol(1.38∼3.27 mg/L)및 ferulic acid(1.51∼1.59 mg/L) 순서로 함량이 높았 다. MBA 포도주의 항산화활성을 DPPH IC50로 측정한 결과 송이줄기 함량에 비례해 활성이 증가하였으며, 송이줄기 5% 첨가한 포도주(12 mg/L)는 ascorbic acid의 DPPH IC50 (67 mg/L)보다 낮은 농도에서 높은 항산화활성을 나타내었 다.

This study was conducted to investigate several indicators of fruit maturity, and expert sensory evaluation was done to determine the most appropriate maturity time for the new Korea grape cultivar ‘doonuri’ for high quality winemaking. The grape component changed dramatically during ripening, after veraison. Considerable drops in berry firmness (<0.60 kgf/cm2) and titratable acidity (<0.66%) were found at the ripening stage while the soluble solid content significantly increased in the ripening process. Most of the organic acids contained were tartaric and malic acid. The malic acid content was about twice the tartaric acid content in the fruit-growing period but was less than the tartaric acid content in the maturity period. The total anthocyanin and polyphenol contents increased sharply after veraison. In particular, the total anthocyanin and polyphenol contents reached their maximum levels when the acidity was 0.55%, and after that, there was almost no change. Correlations between anthocyanin accumulation and several factors were found in sugar 0.7811 (p<0.05), pH 0.9315 (p<0.05), and Brix/acid ratio 0.9409 (p<0.05). Brix×pH2 and brix/acid ratio were used as indicators of the proper maturation of the grapes when the acidity was 0.53 to 0.55%, and at sugar 17 Brix. When surveyed, the quality characteristics and sensory evaluation of the wine made using the latest harvested grapes showed the most reliable sourness. The color, aroma, and overall harmony of the wine, however, were evaluated to be the best when the wine acidity was about 0.60% or when the grape acidity was below 0.55%.

송이다듬기는 포도의 품질을 높이기 위해 송이의 크기를 조절하고 송이모양을 변형시키는 유용한 재배방법이다. 포도 'MBA' 품종의 송이다듬기에 따른 과실 및 포도주의 품질 특성을 확인하기 위해 송이줄기의 곁가지를 제거하였는데, 상위지경부터 4, 5, 6지경을 남기고 절단 한 뒤 관행처리 대조구와 비교하여 수확기에 과방 및 와인의 품질을 조사하였다. 포도송이의 품질은 지경수가 작을수록 당도가 증가하고 총산이 감소하는 양상을 나타내었다. 포도주의 양조