Oak mushroom is one of the most important non-timber forest products at the forest sector in Korea. In recent years, the Korean farmers have suffered from the import increase of saw bed medium from Chinese and the price decrease of the oak mushroom. In order to overcome this phase, it is important to develop good varieties that can compete with Chinese varieties. National Institute of Forest Science is studying to develop excellent varieties through the Golded Seed Project. We report some of the results as part of that. The strains of oak mushroom were made through mono-mono cross method using domestic distribution varieties. Sawdust cultivation was carried out on 100 - day cultivation and 3 - stage mushroom yield using 2 kg hexahedron culture medium. Of these, 60 strains were used for sawdust cultivation, and 3431 strain (23%) was selected when the yield was 20% or more of the weight of the medium. Four strains (3396, 3414, 3419, 3430) were selected when the mushroom yield was 15% to 20% of the weight of the medium. 3404 strain with excellent mushroom shape was selected, though the yield was low (10%). Generally, mushroom yield was the highest in the first stage, and the number of mushrooms in the second stage was decreased rapidly. Also, 10 strains did not produce mushroom in this study. The 3431 strain occurred mushroom production with 87% yields in the first stage and did not occur in the third stage. The 3404 strain with excellent mushroom shape occurred in primary and tertiary. The average weight of mushrooms was 13 g and 54g, respectively. The strains (3431, 3404) will be used for the selection of varieties through cultivation test in the future.

Agaricus bitorquis is an edible white mushroom of the genus that is cultivated at high temperature(25±1oC) unlikeA. bisporus is cultivate at 16±2oC. Unlike Agaricus bisporus, an edible white A. bitorquis mushroom is cultivated at hightemperature (25±1oC). Most farmers cultivate this mushroom for a long cultivation period in Korea. For this reason, we madeheterokayons to develop a new cultivar that generate fruitbodies for short cultivation period. Over one hundred SSIs(singlespores isolates) were collected from selected A. bitorquis ASI1151 and ASI1349 strains. Seventy-three SSIs were germinated onCDA(compost dextrose agar) media after 20 days (minimum) or 83 days (maximum) incubation under different mediacondition. The mycelial growth rate of germinated SSIs was different. 9 homokaryons in ASI 1151 and 11 homokaryons in ASI1349 from SSIs were selected by OPN-02 primer in RAPD analaysis. Also this primer was used to select heterokaryon thatcross among each homokaryon with compatible locus. Therefore 44 compatible matings were confirmed of 99 crossed lines.

표고(Lentinula edodes)는 우리나라의 주요 임산버섯으로 최근 표고 톱밥재배가 정착됨에 따라 급속도로 확산되고 있으나 국내 환경에 적합하고 재배시기를 다변화 할 수 있는 균주의 육성이 시급하다. 따라서 9개의 균주를 시험재배하여 생산성이 높고 자실체 특성이 우수한 4개 균주(SANJO701HO, FMRI2534, FMRI2337, FMRI2613)를 모균주로 선발하였고 균주당 각각 20개씩 총 80개의 단핵균주를 분리하여 117개의 교배균주를 육성하였다. 그중 산조701호와 FMRI2337의 교배조합이 다른 조합의 교배균주들보다 평균생장속도가 10% 가량 낮았으며 이들 교배균주의 배양 및 생리적 특성을 비교 조사하였다. 따라서 본 연구는 우수한 톱밥재배용 품종개발의 기반조성을 마련하고자 하였으며, 차후 교배균주에 대한 생산성 검정의 연구가 필요하다.

It has not been much known about that how much the properties of parental strains appear in the monokaryotic progeny of their basidiospores and the properties of monokaryotic progeny is transferred and expressed after mating with other monokaryotic progeny. To get a basic idea in the evaluation of shiitake strains that are subjectto be used for a breeding program, biochemical properties of monokaryotic strains generated from basidiospores of parental shiitake strains (Sanzo101 and Sanzo108) and hybrid strains generated from cross of these monokaryotic strains were examined. When amylase, avicelase, β-glucosidase, CM-cellulase, pectinase, proteinase, and xylanase were tested against monokaryotic strains generated from forty basidiospores of the two parental strains, No identical patterns of the degree of enzyme activity were observed between monokaryotic strains and parental strains of the two shiitake cultivars. The degree of extracellular enzyme activity also varied among monokaryotic strains of the two shiitake cultivars. Our results showed that dikaryotic parental strains of shiitake mushroom produce basidiospores having very diverse biochemical properties. Biochemical test of monokaryotic strains was useful for the comparative evaluation of parental strains. Biochemical test with hybrid strains formed with the combinational cross of monokaryotic strains that have different degree of extracellular activity showed that the property of monokaryotic strains is not expressed in the hybrid strains according to Mandelian principles. Tests of the ability of using diverse polymeric carbon sources, tolerance to copper and agrochemicals, and antagonistic property to Tricoderma atroviride also showed similar results

본 연구에서는 현재 농가에서 일대잡종으로 보급되고 있는 장려누에품종 원종 잠 113 등 20계통에 대해서 RAPD-PRC방법을 이용하여 누에 품봉간 유전적 유연관계를 분석, 검토하였다. 그 결과 공시한 26개의 primer중 24개의 primer에서 다형화 밴드패턴의 마커가 확인되어, 이들 마커를 UPGMA법에 의해 분석하였다. 그 결과, 유전적 유연계수 0.60을 기준으로 하였을 때 2개의 group으로 나눌 수 있었는데 제1group에는 잠113, 잠119, 잠120, 잠123, 잠125와 잠127로서 중국종계잠 120을 제외하고는 모두 일본종계 품종이 포함되어 있었으며, 제 2group은 잠114, 잠121, 잠122, 잠124, 잠126, 잠128, 잠129, 잠130, 잠131, 잠132, 잠133, 잠134, 잠 301과 잠 302로서 일본종계 5품종 중국종계 9품종이 포함되었다. 또한, 잠 114와 잠 120 및 잠114와 잠 127은 유전거리가 다른 품종에 비해서 가장 낮게 분석되었으며, 잠 129와 잠 131은 유전적 유연계수가 1.0으로 두 품종간에는 유전적 유사도가 아주 높았다.