본 연구는 2021년 2월부터 7월까지 잡곡 106건을 수거 하여 잔류농약 실태조사를 하였다. 대형, 중소형 및 온라 인 유통매장을 중심으로 국내 잡곡 40건과 수입 잡곡 66 건을 수거하였고, GC/MSMS, GC/ECD, GC/NPD, LC/ MSMS, UPLC/PDA, HPLC/FLD를 이용하여 다종농약 다 성분분석법으로 잔류농약 341종을 분석하였다. 잔류농약 이 검출된 잡곡은 대형유통매장 1건, 중소형 유통매장 2 건, 온라인 유통매장 5건으로 총 8건(7.5%)이었고, 5건 (4.7%)에서는 농약잔류허용기준을 초과하였다. 이들 잡곡 에서는 MGK-264, chlorpyrifos, thiamethoxam, malathion, piperonyl butoxide, pirimiphos-methyl 등 6종의 농약 성분 이 검출되었다. 검출된 잡곡은 강낭콩(1건), 녹두(6건), 수 수(1건)이다. 검출된 잡곡 중 농약잔류허용기준을 초과한 품목은 수입 녹두(5건)로 미얀마산이었고, 초과한 농약 성 분은 thiamethoxam이었다.

Carcass or the remains of animals are a spatially and temporally patchy resource. Consumers of carcass during the different phases of carcass decomposition show a unique pattern i.e. insect succession i.e. resource pulses. Resource pulses are events of increased resource availability over short period that combine low frequency and large magnitude. The subject field of resource pulses is important because many natural systems are immediately influenced by some pulsed resource component. Specially, species composition (structure) and their activities (function) could be changed by pulsed resources in the incorporated habitat.

Purpose：Conventional pre-saturation pulse for suppressing venous signals cannot be applied to time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography(TOF-MRA) at 7 Tesla MRI due to specific absorption rate(SAR) limitation. The SAR could be attenuated with using low saturation flip angle, but a few repetitions are needed to reach signals below the steady-state signal of the brain tissues. The purpose of this study was to suppress venous system with clinically acceptable acquisition time by using 90 degree flip angle. Methods：The standard slab-selective radio-frequency and gradient waveform were modified to new-shaped models by minimum-time variable-rate selective excitation(Min-VERSE) algorithm. Excitation slice profile was measured and evaluated by a phantom scan. In volunteer measurement, the vessel-tissue contrast ratio of the sinuses(VTCR_S) and middle cerebral artery(VTCR_MCA) were assessed in correlation to surrounding tissue and compared to the values measured by the conventional TOF(cTOF) pulse sequence. Results：The experimentally-measured profiles showed that there was good agreement between conventional and modified pulse. The total scan time was 5 min 55 sec(Min-VERSE 90 FA, TR 28 ms) and 8 min 50 sec(90 FA, TR 42 ms). The quantitative results of ROI analysis were nearly similar, except the venous signal and VTCR_S at Min-VERSE 90 FA. Conclusions：We have presented that the use of Min-VERSE with high flip angle was useful. The total acquisition time was faster about 3 minutes and the signal analysis was hardly different to the values acquired by the values of 90 FA at cTOF. Since 7T MRI has been suitable for ultra-high resolution imaging, our protocol would be used by default for diagnosing various intracranial vascular pathologies.

교류형 플라즈마 디스플레이에서 기입기간 중 방전지연시간을 단축시키기 위하여 공통전극에 추가펄스 인가 하였을 때의 플라즈마 방전이 시뮬레이션 되고 기입 광파형이 측정되었다. AC PDP의 초기화 기간 동안 셀 내부에는 벽전하가 쌓이고 그것들은 기입 기간에 주사와 기입펄스에 의해 기입방전을 트리거링 시키기 위하여 이용되어진다. 그러나 종래에는 공통전극에는 DC 바이어스 전압에 의해 음의 전하는 기입방전에 이용되지 못하므로 방전지연시간 의 단축은 한계가 있다. 만약 주사와 기입전극의 전하뿐만 아니라 공통전극의 음의 전하를 이용한다면 방전지연시간 은 단축될 것이고 이를 확인하기 위하여 기입기간 동안 3 전극에 펄스가 모두 인가될 때, 진공 자외선을 발생시키는 Xe 3P2 의 에너지 상태가 시뮬레이션 되었다. 또한 종래의 구동방법과 공통 전극에 추가 펄스를 인가한 경우에 기입 방전의 광파형의 단축을 각각 측정되었다.

In this study the presence of pulse in formation of marginal basins through calculation of production rates based on the age of 22 marginal basins distributed in the western Pacific is revealed. The peaks of their productions appear approximately at 0 Ma, 30 Ma and 60 Ma, with the interval of about 30 my. Production peak appears to be the largest near 30 Ma (45 × 10⁴ ㎢). From the fluctuation of production rates, continuous production of marginal basins after 0 Ma (present-day) is inferred, and it is very likely that a production peak which is considerably higher than 30 Ma peak would appear in the future. Such upward inclination of production rates of marginal basins is vividly contrasting to downward decline of those of normal oceans. During the period of declining activities between 10 Ma and 15 Ma no activities of marginal basins are observed. When the marginal basins are classified into back-arc and non back-arc basins on the basis of their evolutionary processes, it is observed that back-arc basins appear to have cyclic production peaks approximately at 0 Ma, 20 Ma and 45 Ma, with the interval of about 20 my. The present-day back-arc basins appear to he most active in their productions. The phenomenon of fluctuations in the quantity of production upto now shows a upward climbing trend. The periods with less activity of back-arc basins appear to have been active in arc volcanism. It is considered that the formation of marginal basins and arc volcanism have been alternately active with time. Non back-arc basins seem to have been formed concentrically at about 25 Ma - 35 Ma and 55 Ma - 80 Ma. In the back-arc basins distributed near northwestern (NW) and southwestern (SW) Pacific around equator, it is revealed that production peak has been moved from SW (55 - 80 Ma) through NW (15 - 55 Ma) to SW (0 - 10 Ma) Pacific in time and space. It is supposed that the periodic formation of marginal basins with time is associated with spatial cycles.

황강은 1989년 합천 본댐 및 조정지댐의 건설후 하도폭, 하상재료, 식생 및 하천구간내 사주의 형성 등 많은 하천 지형학적 변화가 있었다. 이러한 변화는 댐 건설후 흐름 및 유사이송의 변화에 기인한다. 합천댐은 약 591천 /년의 유사를 차단한 것으로 파악되었다. 조정지댐 준공후 연최대피크 방류량은 654.7 /s에서 126.3 /s로 감소되었다 (댐건설전의 19.3%). 합천조정지댐 하류로부터 낙동강 합류점까지 45 km 구간의 1982, 1993

본 연구에서는 구조가 비교적 간단한 구형펄스모형을 이용하여 가뭄의 심도-지속기간-생기빈도 해석을 이론적인 방법으로 수행하였다. 주어진 절단수준에 대해 다양한 지속기간의 자료계열을 구성하고 이에 대한 통계 특성치를 산정하여 모형의 매개변수를 추정하였다. 이렇게 추정된 매개변수는 이론적인 방법으로 가뭄심도-지속기간-생기빈도 해석을 수행하는데 이용되었다. 가뭄심도-지속기간-생기빈도 해석은 각 펄스의 중첩을 고려하는 경우와 고려하지 않는 경우에 대해 각각 나누