본 연구의 목적은 키워드 네트워크를 활용하여 삶의 질과 거주성 측면에서 국내 농촌지역의 실제 생활 환경을 분석하고 농촌 생활환경의 개선을 위한 정책적 방향성을 제시하는 것이다. 현재 우리나라의 농 촌은 고령화, 인구감소, 경제활동 저하, 기초생활서비스 부족 등의 문제가 발생하고 있다. 이를 해결하 기 위한 농촌 생활환경 개선방안의 연구가 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 삶의 질(Quality of life)과 거주성(Livability)개념을 바탕으로 이론적 측면에서 국외 연구 동향을 분석하였다. 또한 국내 농촌 생 활환경에 대한 현황을 파악하기 위해 키워드 네트워크 분석을 실시하였다. 이를 토대로 삶의 질과 거주 성 측면에서의 이론적 연구 경향 분석을 통해 실제 우리나라 농촌 생활환경에 직면한 문제점을 분석하 였다. 그 결과 국내에서 농촌 생활환경 개선을 위해 고려해야 할 사항으로 1)녹지 및 생태시설 조성, 2)지 역과 개인 및 주민 간 상호작용 개선, 3)에너지 효율을 고려한 주거공간 마련, 4)다양한 관점에서 농촌환 경을 포괄할 수 있는 목표 설정의 4가지 방안을 제안하였다. 국내 농촌의 개선 목표로 제시되고 있는 지속가능성과 더불어 농촌 회복력(Rural resilience)의 개념을 도입하면 농촌의 기능 회복에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of the level of the light-environment and the driver's visual ability on the change in the driver's perception of a forward curved section at night. The study also aims to identify factors that should be considered to ensure safety while entering curved sections of a road at night. METHODS : Data collected from a virtual driving experiment, conducted by the Korean Institute of Construction Technology (2017), were used. Logistic regression was applied to analyze the effects of changes in the light-environment factors (road surface luminance and glare) and the driver’s visual ability on a driver's perception of the road. Additionally, analysis of the moderated effect of visual ability on light-environment factors indicated that the difference in drivers’ visual abilities impact the influence of light-environment factors on their perception. A driver's ability to perceive, as a response variable, was categorized into 'failure' and 'success' by comparing the perceived distance and minimum reaction sight distance. Covariates were also defined. Road surface luminance levels were categorized into 'unlit road surface luminance' (luminance ≤ 0.1 nt) and 'lit road surface luminance' (luminance > 0.1 nt), based on 0.1 nt, which is the typical level observed on unlit roads. The glare level was categorized as 'with glare' and 'without glare' based on whether the glare was from a high-beam caused by an oncoming vehicle or not. The driver's visual ability level was categorized into 'low visual ability' (age ≥ 50) and 'high visual ability' (age ≤ 49), considering that after the age of 50, the drive’s visual ability sharply declines. RESULTS : The level of road surface luminance, glare, and driver's visual ability were analyzed to be significant factors that impact the driver's ability to perceive curved road sections at night. A driver's perception was found to reduce when the road surface luminance is very low, owing to the lack of road lighting ('unlit road luminance'), when glare is caused by oncoming vehicles ('with glare'), and if the driver's visual ability level is low owing to an older age ('low visual ability'). The driver's ability to perceive a curved section is most affected by the road surface luminance level. The effect is reduced in the order of glare occurrence and the driver's visual ability level. The visual ability was analyzed as a factor that impacts the intensity of the effect of change of the light-environment on the change of the driver's ability to perceive the road. The ability to perceive a curved section deteriorates significantly in 'low visual ability' drivers, aged 50 and above, compared to drivers with 'high visual ability,' under the age of 49, when the light-environment conditions are adverse with regard to the driver’s perception (road surface luminance: 'lit road surface luminance'→'unlit road surface luminance,' glare: 'without glare'→'with glare'). CONCLUSIONS : Supplementation, in terms of road lighting standards that can lead to improvements in the level of light-environment, should be considered first, rather than the implementation of restrictions on the right of movement, such as restricting the passage of low visual ability or aging drivers who are disadvantageous in terms of gaining good perception of the road at night. When establishing alternatives so that safety on roads at night is improved, it is necessary to consider improving drivers' perception by expanding road lighting installation. The road lighting criteria should be modified such that the glare caused by oncoming traffic, which is an influential factor in the linear change in perception, and the level of light-environment thereof are improved.

중국 공산당 제18차 국회 보고서는 ‘중국의 아름다운 농촌 계획’을 발표했으며, 새로운 사회주의 농촌 건설의 배경하에서 농촌 계획과 건설의 열풍을 열었다. 사람들은 농촌 경관의 가치에 대한 이해가 많이 바뀌었고 농촌 색채에 대한 연구도 활발히 수행되고 있다. 본 연구는 농촌의 색채 풍경의 관점에서 중국 농촌 지역의 실제 상황에 따라 농촌의 색채를 추출하고 정량화 하고자 한다. 본 연구의 연구 방법은 문헌 연구, 경험적 조사, 그래픽 연구 및 통계분석법을 병행하였다. 산동성에 있는 선곽장의 색상 현황 특징을 심도 있게 분 석하고 자연 및 문화적 특성 및 주변 환경과 조화를 이루는 색상 계 획을 포함하여 색채 모델을 제안하였다. 본 연구는 NCS 색채 시스템을 기반하여 보급화 된 중국 농촌 색 채 모델을 제공하게 되기를 기대한다.

Level of urbanization in China has reached 53.73% in 2013, indicating a tremendous progress on the urbanization of China. On the other hand, the number of villages in China reduces by around one million from 3.6 million in 2000 to 2.7 million in 2010 (Zhang, 2014). Issues in both urban and rural areas of China appear, including the imbalance between increased population and limited resources in urban region, and more significantly, the increasing disparity between rural and urban areas. Chinese researchers interpret and analyse these matters from different perspectives. For instance, Zheng (2006) and Ma (2006) suggest the importance of the infrastructure construction and public service. Wu (2006) advises that the government should pay attention to the development of the secondary and tertiary industry. Wen (2005) proposes that the improvement of social institution and the recovery of social cultural environment are required to achieve sustainability in the urbanization process in China. Previous studies in environmental psychology put quality of life, attachment to place, and residence satisfaction at the center to understand the relationship between inhabitants and their neighborhood of residence. However, there are gaps in this research realm in both practice and theories. Firstly, very limited research studies this environmental psychology issue in China (e.g. Mao, Fornara, Manca, Bonnes, & Bonaiuto, 2015). Secondly, there are different opinions on the causal order between quality, attachment, and satisfaction. Research on the relationship between perceived residential environment quality (PREQ), place attachment, and environmental satisfaction has not reached a consensus. The debate on the direction of the causal relationship between perceived quality and satisfaction has been summarized by Bradya and Robertson (2001). They conclude that the quality to satisfaction causal order holds up well across diverse cultures. However, relevant debate is still ongoing. A number of research articles place satisfaction as an antecedent to attachment, e.g. Chen, Dwyer, and Firth (2014); Lee, Kyle, and Scott (2012); Ramkissoon and Mavondo (2015); etc. Some argue that place attachment is an indicator of satisfaction. Kyle et al. (2004) investigate the effect of place attachment on the perceived values of tourists and find that place attachment is an important factor explaining the variance of perceived values. This is supported by research e.g. Hwang, Lee, and Chen (2005); Prayag and Ryan (2012); Yuksel, Yuksel, Biljm (2010); etc. As to the relationship between perceived quality and attachment, the debate has not stopped. Through comparisons, Mesch and Manor (1996) conclude that the residents who give a higher evaluation of the social and natural environment may have greater place attachment. Brown, Perkins, and Brown (2003) also suggest that the residents who agree that the street environment is better would attach to this place. Sam, Bayram, and Bilgel (2012) have certified the relationship between residential environment quality and place attachment. Furthermore, Borrie and Roggenbuck (2001) and Walker and Ryan (2008) find that the connection between human beings and the nature environment would affect their affection toward the environment. It means that the closer the relationship with the nature environment is, the stronger the attachment would be, which in turn, enhances the intentions to protect the environment. This quality to satisfaction relationship is supported by other research such as Bonaiuto, Aiello, Perugini, Bonnes, and Ercolani (1999); Grisaffe and Nguyen (2011); Yu, Chen, and Chen (2015); etc. Nevertheless, a different opinion arguing that attachment to a place may affect one’s perception on the quality related to a place is emerging in tourism research (e.g. Neuvonen, Pouta, & Sievänen, 2010). This paper takes the credit of quality → attachment → satisfaction causal order as the initial model and proposes three hypotheses as follows. H1a: One’s PREQ has a positive impact on his/her attachment to this place; H2a: One’s attachment to a place has a positive impact on his/her satisfaction to the environmental settings in this place; H3a: Place attachment in addition performs as a mediating role between PREQ and environment satisfaction.To be noted, the initial model has its theoretical basis as discussed above but is not necessarily the absolute optimal model. Relatively, this model provides more theoretical interpretation and practical implications in the specific research context: residential psychology in urban and rural areas of China. On this basis, this article further examines a competing model illustrating an alternative theoretical framework on the relationships between these three constructs (satisfaction → attachment → quality). Relatively, another group of hypotheses in this competing model is listed as follows. H1b: One’s attachment to a place has a positive impact on his/her PREQ; H2b: One’s satisfaction to the environmental settings in this place has a positive impact on his/her attachment to this place; H3b: Place attachment in addition performs as a mediating role between environment satisfaction and PREQ. A survey approach is employed and data are collected from several backgrounds. Dataset A (rural) is collected from three villages from Heilongjiang Province and two villages from Shandong Province in China from July to August 2014. The choices of the provinces, rural areas, and the sampling process are random. 490 valid questionnaires are included in the data analysis. Dataset B (urban) is collected via an online survey portal, which allows a nationwide sampling reach. In total 1368 online survey entries are recorded and 420 valid questionnaires are included, resulting in a valid rate of 30.7%. The measures for each construct are based on an extensive literature review. The measurement of perceived residential environment quality is from Sam, Bayram, & Bilgel’s (2012) development on the perception of residential environment. The measurement of place attachment in this study is adopted from Kyle, Graefe, and Manning’s (2005) and Chen, Dwyer, and Firth’s (2014) evaluation based place attachment dimensionality and scales. As for the scale of environmental satisfaction, Pelletier, Legault, and Tuson’s (1996) measure was applied. All the entire variables adopted multiple-item, 5-point Likert scales were adopted, where “1” indicated “strongly disagree” and “5” indicated “strongly agree”. After pre-testing the preliminary version of the survey instrument, a revised version was developed. This study adopts structural equation modeling (SEM) based on partial least squares (PLS) modeling given the small sample size and the explorative purpose of this study (Dijkstra & Henseler, 2015a). The software used was Smart PLS 3.0. The reliability and validity of the constructs were assessed. Cronbach’s alpha and the value of CR of each construct were found to exceed the cut-off value of 0.70 (Fornell & Larcker, 1981), except for adequacy of education which is close to 0.70 (only for Cronbach’s alpha but not for CR). Furthermore, the AVE of each construct exceeded the variance attributable to its measurement error cut-off value of 0.50 (Chin, 1998; Fornell & Larcker, 1981). In addition, heterotrait-monotrait ratio (HTMT) is recommended as a better method to test discriminant validity (Henseler, Dijkstra, Sarstedt, Ringle, Diamantopoulos, Straub, Ketchen, Hair, Hult, & Calantone, 2014). The result shows that there is neither value of the HTMT higher than the threshold of 0.85 nor confidence interval containing the value one, indicating that all the constructs exhibit satisfactory discriminant validity. The hypothesized effects in the theoretical model were tested by structural equation modeling (SEM). The first group of models tested the effect of perceived environmental quality on environmental satisfaction through place attachment i.e. initial model (Model A, Model B, Model C), while the second group of models tested the reverse effect of environmental satisfaction on perceived environmental quality through place attachment (Model D, Model E, Model F). Both the full model and the multi-group model were tested. The value of SRMR of the full model that tests either the effect of perceived environmental quality on environmental satisfaction (SRMR = 0.104, t = 41.826, p < 0.001) or the reversed effect (SRMR = 0.106, t = 37.736, p < 0.001) shows that the models fit the data quite well (Dijkstra & Henseler, 2015b). However, the former is little bit more significant. In this study, PREQI is found different impacts on place attachment and environmental satisfaction. This provides evidence to support a similar mechanism of studying residents’ psychology with SERVEQUAL model. However, the model testing is found significantly different between rural and urban samples, indicating a systematic difference in the psychology of rural and urban populations. Quality  attachment  satisfaction causal order is found significant and supported by both samples in this study. However, a reversed causal order model (satisfaction  attachment  quality) is also supported by the samples. Although the results may not be able to end the debate on alternative models between PREQ, place attachment, and environmental satisfaction, this paper provides empirical evidence from a specific context (urban and rural China) for further research. Specifically, PREQ has a significant impact on place attachment in both urban and rural areas in China. As for the impact of place attachment on environmental satisfaction as well as the indirect impact of PREQ on environmental satisfaction, the influence is more significant in cities of China compared to rural areas. This suggests in the urban areas in China, affective and emotional responses to their lives play an important role to residents. Local government in cities should balance between improving and maintaining quality of the environment and strengthening local residents’ psychological attachment to the place. Governments in rural areas, on the other hand, should lay great focus on the physical aspects of the environment including nature, health, education, commerce, and venture of the rural areas, to enhance residents’ living experience and satisfaction. Further, there are some limitations. Although this study attempts to clarify the framework of “perception-affection-attitude” in the field of environment management, considering the practical implications, the future study could bring the individuals’ behaviors or intentions into this model such as willingness-to-pay for environment-friendly products. It will also benefit from reviewing more literature on community-based social marketing.

계획 대상지가 위치한 경기도 가평군 북면 목동 1리는 주변에 수려한 자연경관과 농업환경, 산업단지 등 다양한 자원요소가 복합적으로 존재하고 있으며 북면의 면사무소가 위치하고 있어 지역의 대표이미지를 결정하는 상징적 의미가있는 지역이라 할 수 있다. 하지만 외부방문객들에게는 통과지역으로만 인식되고 내부적으로는 면소재지임에도 불구하고정비되지 않은 가로경관과 지역주민들의 다양한 커뮤니티 활동을 지원할 수 있는 공공공간의 부재 등은 애향심과 삶의질을 저하시키는 원인으로 대두되고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 계획에서는 대상지의 마을환경과 주민의 삶의 질 향상을위해 주변 환경과 조화를 이루는 마을 만들기, 지역의 정체성 확립 및 주거환경의 쾌적함 창출, 합리적이고 입체적인계획수립이라는 목적을 설정하고 기본계획내용을 수립하였다. 본 계획을 통해 북면소재지 지역주민의 삶의 질이 향상되고지역경제가 활성화 될 것으로 기대된다.

본 연구에서는 2013년부터 시행되는 ‘농촌마을 리모델링 시범사업’의 체계적 수행을 위한 추진체계와 세부내용을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 농촌마을 리모델링 관련 연구는 현재까지 리모델링의 목적이나 기능에 따른 다양한 개념연구와 농촌주택, 마을쉼터, 공공시설 등과 같은 개별시설에 대한 규모와 배치기준 등에 대한 분야에 한정되어 있어종합적으로 농촌공간을 리모델링하는 계획 수립과 이를 현장에서 적용할 수 있도록 기준을 제시하는 연구는 미흡한실정이다. 본 연구에서 농촌마을 리모델링 추진체계로 첫째, 지역주민의 참여를 유도하는 사업의 준비단계, 즉 주민이주체가 되어 자발적으로 마을정비 방향 설정, 시설물형태, 위치배치 등 사업내용에 대한 토론이나 포럼을 거쳐 마을계획서작성을 하는 것, 둘째, 지자체에서 선정된 사업내용, 규모, 시기, 예산내역 및 예상성과 등을 검토하여 사업시행계획을수립하는 것, 셋째, 관련전문가들에 의해 공간 및 시설계획과 법제도 검토를 통해 농촌마을 리모델링 계획을 수립하는 것 등을 제안하였다. 현재 농촌마을 리모델링은 개별적 사업을 추진하는 방식에서 마을공간에 대한 종합적 계획 방식으로변하고 있어 이를 위한 주민, 지자체, 전문가의 역할을 정의하여 리모델링 사업이 효율적으로 진행될 수 있는 추진체계를 제안하였다. 본 연구에서는 리모델링사업에 관련한 내용에 국한되어 수행되었으나 향후에는 농촌마을 리모델링의대상별 세부기준과 리모델링 결과에 대한 모니터링 연구가 필요한 것으로 사료된다.

목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 70세 이상 노인이 거주하는 농촌지역 가정을 방문하여 집의 구조적인 문제와 거주자의 신체 건강 상태를 확인하고, 평가를 통해 농촌 주거공간내 안전생활을 진단에 따른 주거환경개선의 효과를 알아보고자 함이다. 연구방법 : 본 연구는 2010년 농업기술센터 용역 사업으로 농촌노인 주거 공간 내 안전생활을 위해 진행되었다. 70세 이상 노 인이 거주하고 있는 농촌마을 2곳을 대상으로 총 25가구를 직접 방문하여 평가 후 주거환경을 개선하였다. 연구 기간은 2010 년 6월부터 11월까지 6개월간이었다. 작업치료학 전공자에 의해 대상 가구의 일반적 주거상태를 인터뷰 후 주거환경평가 체크리스트를 통해 주거공간 내 안전생활의 주된 문제점을 파악하였고 캐나다작업수행측정(COPM)을 이용하여 개선이 필요한 정도는 일상생활에서 어려운 점을 중요도로 평가하였으며, 개선 전후의 일상생활의 수행능력 정도는 수행도와 만족도를 측정 하였다. 결과 : 주거 공간 내 안전생활 진단 후 중재 결과 25가구에 총 170개의 보조도구가 지급되었고 1가구당 평균 6.8개의 보조도구 가 설치되었다. 그 중 설치 빈도가 가장 높았던 항목은 가스자동차단기, 안전손잡이로 각각 21개였고, 미끄럼방지처리, 실버카, 목욕의자 순이었다. 보조도구 지급 전 후 COPM 점수를 비교하였을 때 안전손잡이, 스텝박스(문턱 보조도구), 목욕의자와 좌 변기 안전지지대의 설치 후 수행도가 향상된 반면 만족도는 안전손잡이, 지팡이, 스텝박스, 실버카 순으로 향상되었다. 결론 : 농촌노인을 대상으로 주거 공간 내에서의 안전생활 문제를 도출한 후 주거환경개선을 실시한 결과 만족도와 수행도가 높았다.

This study analyzes the effect of the level of satisfaction with the living environment of rural people on migration. The analysis data were used by the Rural Development Administration for the survey of welfare systems for farmers and fishermen in 2017, and samples of 3,776 were used for the analysis. The analysis variables were divided into a group of migrants, a group of permanent residents, and a group of decision-keeping, and the level of satisfaction with the living environment of each of the 10 rural areas was used as an independent variable. According to the analysis results, the basic living base and safety of rural residents were having a positive effect. The results show that the projects for developing rural areas, which increase the basic living base, are making substantial contributions to preventing the breakaway of the rural population. Safety has been neglected in the area of rural planning, but if the level of discontent is not enough, it has had the greatest impact on the livelihoods of rural residents. Welfare and cultural leisure set the main demand level for welfare and cultural leisure to the elderly and vulnerable classes, and interpret it as a result of weakened defense against stress from relocation of residence, difficulty of migration due to low income levels, and migration. Therefore, the paradoxical analysis results could be interpreted as showing that measures to increase the satisfaction of the people on welfare and cultural leisure should be taken.

This study is to evaluate the per capita accessibility to child care facilities using road map in rural village unit considering the supply and demand of child care facilities in municipal (Si-Gun) units. Using these estimated accessibility, the most accessible regions to child care facilities was identifies using Moran’s index. Assuming establish a new child care facility in the most accessible region, the sensitivity of child care environment was analyzed. The number of regions are 71 si-gun-gu where supply of child care facilities is insufficient. The average accessibility per capita is 1.09 km to child care facilities and the average accessibility in Myeon unit is approximately 2.2 times higher than accessibility in Eup unit (Eup unit 0.54 km, Myeon unit 1.21 km). Approach tendency from village to child care facilities has positive relationship as 0.451 global Moran’s index. The high-high (H-H) accessibility regions are wide as Gangwon-do, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Gyeongsangnam-do, Jeollanam-do and Chungcheongbuk-do. Assumed to be established the new child care facilities in Yangyang-gun (Ganwon-do), accessibility changes of child care environment are up to 2.7 times greater and the recipient population is 77% of Yangyang-gun.

The objective of this study was to investigate the perception of walking environment and use of neighborhood facilities of rural female elderly, who are the most susceptible to ambulatory problems. The study showed that parks, senior centers and hospitals were among the most frequently used neighborhood facilities by rural female elderly, while bus stations and senior centers were recognized as the closest facilities. Frequency of use was higher for paid sports facilities rather than parks. Hospitals and health centers were facilities that were desired to be in close proximity. Social support, self-efficacy, and attitude were the factors that affected walking environment. Street trees, accessibility to parks, and street lights were factors that showed a positive relationship with total time of walking activity while perceived crime rate and slopes were perceived as environmental challenges for groups that walked under 150 minutes per week. One factor that negatively affected walking was the lack of sidewalks on streets. Providing parks and walking trails within neighborhood, pleasant walking environments, and safe sidewalks would contribute to improved perception of neighborhood and walking of older rural women.

With the basic research logic stating that the systematic improvement of rural housing plot's boundary barriers should call for the integrated consideration of their on-and-around installing settings, this study tries to analyse characteristics of installing environment of boundary barriers for improvement works of them. Through literature review and then screening process, 3 influencing and appraisal factors were determined: main house-boundary barrier shortest distance as on-site factor, building coverage as inside one, and attached road width as outside one. 21 study villages were subgrouped into structurally improved(9) and not(12). Site investigation and analysis results showed that the relationship between factors has varied very much, i.e. in some cases it is positive or complementary, but in other cases, negative or crossed. Therefore this study would propose that differentiated and flexible strategies with integrated consideration of on-and-around site installing settings be applied in their improvement projects rather than village-wide unified or straight forwarded ones.

Population growth and increasing consumption of resources in the process of the industrial development has caused environmental pollution, climate change, and resource exhaustion. Therefore 'sustainable development' has become the important issue for the future. The sustainable development aims at effective resource use, less environmental impacts, and higher social security. Generally the rural area including agricultural fields and forest has various and plentiful natural resources which could make future development sustainable. To develop potential rural resources, the values for energy, environment and economy should be assessed considering the life-cycle of resources. The purposes of this study are to suggest the E3 (Energy, Environment, and Economy) assessment model for rural biomass considering life-cycle of resource and to apply the model to rice, the major agricultural product. As the results of this study, it turned out through E3 assessment that economic gain of rice cultivation is 578,374 won/10a, carbon absorption is 1,530kgCO2/10a, carbon emission is 926.65kgCO2/10a, and bio-energy potential of by-product is 394,028 kcal/10a. When E3 assessment was applied to by province, the results varied by regions because of the amount of input during cultivation. These results would be useful to realize the rural biomass and design regional resources plan in integrated E3 perspective.

This study analyzed the types of Rural Villages, divided the areas with six criteria such as geographical environment and selected three target areas to observe them. Through these target areas, it attempted to analyze the difference and correlation of satisfaction with the residential environment depending on the characteristics of the Rural Village. In investigating and analyzing the satisfaction of the residents in the Rural Villages, it divided it into 'satisfaction with rural village life', 'satisfaction with housing' and 'satisfaction with village environment,' and compared and analyzed them with the physical environment of the Rural Village. Based on this, according to the type of local Rural Village, it analyzed with what part there were high relations with resident's satisfaction with the Rural Village. As a result, there was no significant difference between groups by the Rural villages, but residents were more satisfied with the natural environment of the village rather than individual housing. The analysis of the correlation between satisfaction with Rural villages and various factors, the more distance there is between the individual housing and the meeting facility, the lower their satisfaction with the Rural village became. In the future, when a community center or meeting facility is planned, it would heighten the resident's happiness when it is located at the physical center of the village rather than at the entrance of it.

Environment-friendly agricultural products in villages for rural tourism not only are very crucial as a pull factor that attracts tourists but also can serve as a way out for the development of rural areas. Experiences of agricultural products and local dishes can revitalize rural tourism and act as attractors that draw tourists to farm villages for tourism consistently. This study examines factors affecting rural experience tourists’ purchase of environment-friendly agricultural products, thereby suggesting marketing strategies for promoting the consumption of environment-friendly agricultural products of villages for rural tourism.

This study investigated the elements of soundscape in and around the traditional Korean style housing complex and the standardized Korean style housing complex popularized as farm village by Traditional Korean style housing assistance policy located in the rural area of Jeollanam-do. The purpose of this study is to understand the phenomenon and characteristic differences of the sound environments in various observation points in order to utilize them as the important elements of sound scape to consider for standardized Korean style housing complex development in the future. As a result, the traditional housing in rural area led more positive evaluation of nature sounds than standardized, newly developed Korean style housing complex. In the list of noises in each residential development type, traffic sounds and construction noise were majorly ranked. However, nature sounds had high rate of response in the sounds of introduction request. Additionally, the sounds generated by human activities such as whispering and footsteps were also in the wish list. This may suggests that soundscape design needs to approach in cultural level of a society rather than simple investigation and treatment of individual sounds of natural and artificial.

The objective of public works planning is being converted from economic growth to sustainable development. So, the demand for considering social & ecological influences as well as economic components had been increased in evaluation of public works planning. In evaluation of public works, its components related with benefit and cost in feasibility analysis can be classified to qualitative and qualitative elements. Qualitative elements are evaluated by qualitative methods which can manage various items, be commonly applied nationwide, and consider elements that can be calculated numerically such as environments, willingness, etc. In this study, using the concept of 'Information measure', a method to design planning of rural works is proposed. 'Information benefit model' for rural works can evaluate present plan in the side of provider's and demander's 'benefit'. And, optimizing method of rural works by 'Information benefit' can simulate present state and optimize the site and route of rural works.

This study aimed at derivation of planning factors and applicable planning factors of residential environment for the elderly in Korean rural village in the more detailed level. Literature review, questionnaire and depth interview with the elderly of case rural villages keeping face with investigation of residential environment was carried out for the derivation of planning factors. Study of related legal factors and interviewing with experts for advice was conducted also for the verification and complement of planning factors. The goal of this study was improvement of residential environment for the elderly or existing rural village not the new one and planning factors was intended to include all the considerable elements. Planing factors was classified two groups which were factors of village outdoor and the inside and outside of a house. The former was also divided into spacial factors and facilities factors and the latter was divided into inside factors and outside factors. The results may contribute to improving residential environment for rural elderly with relation of health and medical service.