In order to support start-ups effectively with limited resources, it is necessary to provide support tailored to start-up companies. Businesses that are operating in local incubation centers may have different demands for the support depending on the region characteristics. This study was worked on companies that have entered into the incubation center 'Youth Cube', which is operated by Ansan City. We investigated the perception of importance in the field of support to identify support policy priorities, and the satisfaction level of each field of support currently supported. Then We conducted an IPA analysis to derive the direction of support. The Ansan area has regional characteristics that it is located in the metropolitan area with well-equipped start-up infrastructure and many innovative institutions, As a result of the importance survey, technology commercialization was recognized as the most important, and education/mentoring was recognized as the least important. Satisfaction with the space and facilities that can be used free of charge was the highest, and the satisfaction was the lowest for entrepreneurship education/mentoring, as was the degree of importance. In addition, according to each quadrant, we derived support that should be maintained, support that should be intensively improved, support that should be given a low policy priority, and support directions that should be kept in mind to avoid excessive support.

This research aims to validate the effectiveness of the "Specialized Entrepreneurship University Program," which was conducted as part of government entrepreneurship support initiatives from 2018 to 2022. Based on previous studies, a research model was derived consisting of three laboratory entrepreneurship support factors that influence program satisfaction and entrepreneurial outcomes (infrastructure support, educational mentoring support, and business linkage support). Surveys were collected and analyzed from 126 laboratory entrepreneurship firms participating in the program, and empirical analysis of the research model was conducted using SPSS 23.0 statistical software. The analysis results indicated that the three variables, namely infrastructure support, educational mentoring support, and business linkage support, were significant factors affecting program satisfaction, and program satisfaction was confirmed to influence entrepreneurial outcomes. Furthermore, it was found that the three business operation factors indirectly influenced entrepreneurial outcomes by partially mediating program satisfaction. This study is considered significant as an empirical study for the initial stage of the second-phase program enhancement, verifying the effectiveness of laboratory entrepreneurship support factors. The findings can be applied to similar government entrepreneurship support initiatives and contribute to the effective strategy and planning of stakeholders involved. The limitations of this study include the need for further research on the perception of the extent to which it contributes to entrepreneurial outcomes, emphasizing caution in interpreting the research model, and the necessity for expanding the survey population and improving survey items in future research.

Background: Junior colleges have been establishing plans for the development of start-up education for students and have been providing various educational programs to support students’ start-up businesses. Objectives: The effects of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial self-efficacy on the start-up intention of college physical therapy students were analyzed. Design: Questionnaire design. Methods: Surveys on entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and start-up intention were conducted with 269 college physical therapy students, and the levels of individual measurement variables, correlations, and variables affecting start-up intention were analyzed. Results: College physical therapy students showed differences in start-up intention between genders, and male students tended to have a higher startup intention (P<.001) than female students. The correlations among the major variables were analyzed. According to the results, all sub-factors of start-up intention had significant positive correlations with all sub-factors of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial self-efficacy (P<.05). In addition, multiple regression analysis was conducted to identify factors affecting start-up intention. Start-up education was shown to have no direct effect on start-up intention. Innovation (β=.238, P=.000), risk sensitivity (β=.228, P=.000), and initiative (β=.220, P=.001), which are sub-factors of entrepreneurship, were shown to have effects on start-up intention. Self-regulated efficacy (β=-.193, P=.039) and task challenge (β=.210, P=.004), which are sub-factors of entrepreneurial self-efficacy, were found to have effects on start-up intention. Conclusions: To boost the start-up intention of college physical therapy students and induce their start-ups, customized start-up education that considers entrepreneurship level and gender is necessary.

We propose a sales prediction model based on the number of new members, online advertising, and consumer reviews for a short period. Considering purchase behaviors of new and existing members, we predict reliable sales amounts, which can be monthly updated. Our study provides digital marketers with a feasible prediction approach.

A plasma torch is a kind of equipment that utilizes an electric arc to dissociate a gas and transfer an electric energy to the gas to generate very high temperature flame. KHNP-CRI has been developed the Plasma Torch Melter (PTM) to reduce radioactive waste disposal volumes and drop the radiation level of wastes. As you guess, there is required condition for proper start-up operation like current, voltage, plasma gas flow, cooling water flow, temperature in melter and so on. Thus, the optimum start-up operation condition of plasma torch will be estimated experimentally in this paper.

2005년 7월 연구소기업 제도 시행 이후 연구소기업 설립이 빠르게 증가하면서 연구소기업은 공공기술사업화의 대표적인 모델이자 경로로 자리매김하게 되었다. 연구소기업의 양적 성장과 함께 공공기술사업화와 관련한 국가 정책, 기관 전략 등에 있어 연구소기업의 중요성도 증가하여 왔지만 지난 16년 간 연구소기업의 설립 및 성장은 시기별로 매우 다른 양상으로 진행되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 양적 팽창기라고 할 수 있을 정도로 연구소기업 설립 (등록)이 급격히 증가하기 시작한 2014년 전후의 비교를 중심으로 지난 16년 간 연구소기업의 변화를 비교·분석하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 2014년 이후 연구소기업의 급격한 증가 원인을 정책, 제도, 창업환경, 성장환경 변화로 나누어 다각적으로 분석하고, 양적 팽창기 이후 연구소기업 변화가 연구소기업 성과 및 성장에 미친 영향을 분석하였다. 분석 결과 양적 팽창기 초기에는 연구소기업 관련 정책 변화와 이에 따라 시행된 연구소 기업 발굴·기획 지원 사업 등이 연구소기업 증가의 주요 요인으로 나타났다. 또한 2016년 이후의 연구소기업 설립(등록)의 급격한 증가는 산학연협력 기술지주회사의 확대, 기술지주회사의 투자 여건 개선 등과 같은 연구소기업 창업 환경 변화의 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 2019년 이후에는 공익법인 등 연구소기업 설립 주체의 확대와 강소특구 지정 등 제도 변화가 연구소기업 설립 증가에 영향을 미친 주요 요인이었다. 또한 양적 팽창기를 전·후로 하여 연구소기업 성과 및 성장 특성의 변화를 분석한 결과 연구소기업 등록 시점과 연구소기업 자본금 규모는 등록 이후 3년 간의 평균 매출액에 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 2014년 이후 연구소기업의 급격한 증가와 함께 연구소기업의 중요 성이 커졌지만 한편으로는 양적 팽창기 이전과 비교하였을 때 연구소기업 특성에 변화가 있었으며, 규모별(소형, 중‧대형) 또는 성장 단계별 연구소기업 지원 체계 구축의 필요성이 더 커졌음을 보여준다.

본 연구는 네팔의 지체 및 시각장애인의 직업재활(축산창업지원)사업을 통해 축산에 대한 지식과 소득에 얼마나 영향을 미쳤는지 분석하고 OECD DAC 평가기준을 적용하여 분석함으로써, 장애인의 빈곤퇴치에 어떠한 영향을 미쳤는지 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 현지 관계자 및 대상자와의 설문자료와 모니터링 자료를 활용하여 축산창업지원이 어떠 한 결과로 나타났는가를 세 가지 측면에서 분석하였다. 먼저 훈련 및 가 축 지원에 대한 만족도를 분석하였고, 두 번째로 2018년과 2020년 시행 했던 사업의 후속 모니터링을 분석하였으며, 마지막으로 OECD DAC 평 가기준을 적용하여 분석하였다. 결과를 살펴보면, 장애인지원사업이 효과 적으로 개발도상국 장애인의 소득증대에 도움이 되었음을 확인하였고, 전문적 지식 습득 및 가축 사육으로 인해 경제적으로 빈곤에서 벗어날 수 있는 기회가 제공되었으며, 인식의 긍정적 전환까지 나타나는 모범사 례로 적합한 사업이었음을 보여주었다. 이는 개발도상국의 빈곤퇴치를 위해서 선진화된 ODA 사업인 장애인지원사업이 필요함을 시사하며, 이 를 위한 사회적 관심과 정책적 가이드라인에 대한 적극적인 방안을 고려 할 필요가 있다.

본 연구에서는 온라인 패션시장에서 소호 패션쇼핑몰의 성공적 창업의 성장 과정을 알아보기 위해 현재 성공적으 로 운영되고 있는 4개 소호 패션쇼핑몰을 대상으로 기업가 과정을 창업기회포착, 사업모델, 위기관리 및 사업성과 등 3개 단계로 구분하여 분석하였다. 사례연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. S사는 짧은 경력의 창업자가 패션감각과 기업 가정신으로 전자상거래를 창업한, 가격경쟁력과 디자인력, 다양한 상품구색을 갖춘 캐주얼 쇼핑몰로 데이터 관리/분 석, 유통채널 다각화를 통해 성장한 사례이다. B사는 짧은 경력의 창업자가 SNS 네트워크 역량과 기업가정신으로제조업/전자상거래를 창업한, 아이템 경쟁력과 스타트업 특성을 갖춘 컨템포러리 쇼핑몰로 브랜드 정체성 확립, 시장 확장을 통해 성장한 사례이다. M사와 C사는 보다 긴 경력의 창업자가 브랜드 인지도가 있는 소호 패션쇼핑몰 사례 이다. M사는 풍부한 경력과 디자인 정신의 창업자가 감성적/감각적 패션디자이너 브랜드를 창업하여 기업 지평을 넓히는 다양한 활동을 통해 성장하였고, C사는 디자인 역량과 기업가정신의 창업자가 감성 표현에 집중한 럭셔리 패션브랜드를 창업하여 적극적인 고객관리를 통한 브랜드인지도 및 매출 확보 등을 통해 성장한 사례이다. 본 연구 결과는 소호쇼핑몰 예비창업자나 창업과정의 교육 및 연구에서 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다.

창업시대를 맞이하여 선교적 도구로서 기업의 역할이 중요시 부각되고 있는 바 창업준비 단계에서부터 선교적 기업가 정신으로 무장하여 창업을 하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 특히, 4차 산업 기술의 영향으로 창업의 문턱이 낮아짐에 따라 많은 창업가들이 배출되고 있는데, 창업 준비단계에서부터 신학적, 선교적, 법적, 경제적, 산업적 측면 모두가 고려된 선교적 스타트업 교육 훈련 프로그램이 미흡한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 선행연구와 창업교육 및 BAM교육 사례 등을 분석하여 미셔널 스타트업(Missional Start-up)의 개념을 정의 하고 이들이 보유하여야 할 역량과 성공요인을 파악하여 창업단계별로 는 예비창업자, 창업초기, 창업후기 등으로 구분하고 부문별로는 영적(Spiritual), 경제적(Economic), 환경적(Environment), 사회적 (Social) 등으로 분류하여 미셔널 스타트업 역량 강화를 위한 ‘3 step-SEES’ 교육 모형을 제안하였다. 나아가 이들의 지속 성장과 선교적 기업으로서 사명을 다할 수 있도록 지원하는 체계와 관련 기관들 의 협력방안, 교육운영 방법, 활성화 방안 등에 대한 함의와 향후 연구 방향을 제안하였다.

This study is to investigate the effects of support program satisfaction in the organizational trust and the management performance for the start-up business to suggest institutes and working-level officials with an theoretical and practical implication. For this, we performed empirical analysis, in particular we examined mediation effects of the organizational trust. We surveyed a questionnaire for 247 start-up companies of incubation center. We performed reliability and correlation analyses etc. through SPSS 23 and performed structural equation model analysis etc. through Amos 23. As a result, first, pilot product, marketing, financial account, education and consulting appeared effective effects in management performance but law did not appear effective. Second, education and consulting appeared positive by mediation of the organizational trust. This means the organizational trust factor has to be considered in support programs like education and consulting.

The lack of seed sludges for Ammonium Oxidizing Bacteria (AOB) and slow-growing ANaerobic AMMonium OXidation (ANAMMOX) bacteria is one of the major problem for large-scale application. In this study, 24m3 of single-stage SBR (Sequencing Batch Reactor) was operated to remove nitrogen from reject water using AOB and ANAMMOX bacteria cultivated from activated sludge in the field. The ANAMMOX activity was found after 44 days of cultivation in the ANAMMOX cultivation reactor, and then 0.66 kg N/m3/d of the nitrogen removal rate was achieved at 0.78 kg N/m3/d of the nitrogen loading rate at 153 days of cultivation. The AOB cultivation reactor showed 0.2 kg N/m3/d of nitrite production rate at 0.4 kg N/m3/d of nitrogen loading rate after 36 days of operation. The cultivated ANAMMOX bacteria and AOB was mixed into the single-stage SBR. The feed distribution was applied to remove total nitrogen stably in the single-stage SBR. The nitrogen removal rate in the single-stage SBR was gradually enhanced with an increase of specific activities of both AOB and ANAMMOX bacteria by showing 0.49 kg N/m3/d of the nitrogen removal rate at 0.56 kg N/m3/d of the nitrogen loading rate at 54 days of operation.

곤충산업 전반에 관한 초보농들이 궁금증을 해소하고자 2017년 7월부터 11월까지 전국 일선 현장에서 산업곤충 사육과 창업 질문을 간추려서 농촌진흥청, 국립농업과학원, 산업곤충 전문지도연구회 등이 참여로Q&A집을 제작하였 다. 목차내용은 문답형식으로 산업곤충 입문, 사육, 가공, 식품과 유통, 사육사례 등 5개분야 104개의 항목을 구성하였으 며 질문과 답, 그에 대한 관련볍령과 사례로 만들어 일선이 곤충산업을 담당하는 공무원들에게 업무추진에 연찬 실무자료로 제공하고 있다

본 연구는 벤처창업기업의 대표자 기술혁신역량과 경영진의 전문화, 기술사업 투 자계획의 타당성 등이 기업의 경영성과인 재무건전도와 나아가 부실화가능성에 미치는 영향에 대하여 구조방정식 모델(SEM)을 이용한 실증분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구는 2011년∼2012년 2 년 동안 1,419개 표본기업에 대한 기술보증기금 기술평가 전문가들의 현장평가 데이터와 기업 현황 조사정보 및 재무정보 등을 활용하였으며, 설립후 7년이내 기술력 기반의 벤처기업들 속성 상 ‘고위험⋅고수익’으로써 여타기업보다 부실화가능성이 높은 기업군인 점을 감안하여 이들 기 업을 연구대상으로 설정하였다. 분석 결과, 대표자의 풍부한 경험과 기술지식 등 기술혁신역량 과 경영진의 분야별 전문화를 바탕으로 한 체계적 조직운영, 그리고 적정규모의 기술사업 투자 ⋅재무관리 계획수립 및 합리적 추진 등을 통하여 기업의 성장성과 수익성 등 기업의 전반적인 재무건전도를 향상시키고, 나아가 단기적 부실화리스크도 감축시키는 것으로 확인되었다.

Cultural industry has grown into a pivotal part of the knowledge economy and it characteristically allows high employment of young population with high education and at the same time is a labor-intensive industry that yields high added values. For these reasons, it has been regarded as an industry that can be an answer to ever worsening problems of youth unemployment and deteriorating employment quality in the service industry sector. The Korean government has established and enacted government-level supporting policies to foster the cultural industry, especially in the 2000s. In the process, a supporting system for start-up businesses in the cultural industry was implemented to foster one-person culture businesses, focusing on the supporting system for start-up businesses established by the Small and Medium Business Administration (SMBA). This study will look into possible solutions to some problems that occurred in the course of implementing supporting policies for cultural industry and will see if there could be alternatives to them.

Many software enterprises prefer to use usual entrepreneurial approaches and make detailed business plans, which cost them a lot of time and resources. In the highly uncertain environment, the above practice lead to fail at business or entrepreneurship. To avoid the undesirable feature, software enterprises should adopt lean start-up method. The core idea of lean start-up method is to put in a minimalist prototype on the market, and fast iterative product on the basis of customer feedback (Ries, 2011). Because customers are introduced to the products or service iterative innovation process, the enterprise can meet the needs of the market better and grow up rapidly. Meanwhile, the enterprise can find a suitable business model to achieve efficient operation or reduce the risk of entrepreneurship (Maurya, 2013). Combining case study and theoretical deduction, this paper will show a process for software enterprise using lean start-up method. Firstly, based on literature reviews, the paper will sum up the basic logic of lean start-up and specifically expatiate the five-step model for software enterprises which is “idea generation-customer validation-prototype creation-customer feedback-product iteration”. Secondly, this paper will give a lean start-up process for software enterprises. In the process, the first step is drawing a business model canvas rather than a detailed business plan, it may include nine blocks which are key partners, key activities, key resources, value propositions, customer relationships, channels, customer segments, cost structure and revenue streams, each block has a series of hypotheses (Blank, 2013). The second step is adopting the customer development method to test these hypotheses and adjust irrational hypotheses to satisfy customers’ requirements, this step is referred to as validated learning, with the aim of setting up a continuous customer feedback channel and achieving long-term sustainable development. The third step is adopting agile development to build minimum viable product and iterative the product according to customer feedback quickly, in order to reduce waste and save resources. It is essential for lean start-up to use a smaller, faster iterative process to verify the idea (Ries, 2011). Thirdly, this paper will use several typical cases of software enterprises to verify this lean start-up process. Finally, put forward the general rule of lean management so that it can provide reference for the software enterprises.

This study analyzes the business performance of research and development(R&D) and especially studies the effect of technology management activity and technology innovation competency on commercialization performance. According to previous studies, the technology management activity can be composed of technological innovativeness, analysis of market, R&D method, and appropriateness for commercialization plan. Also, the technology innovation can be divided into patent, R&D manpower, R&D investment ratio, production capability, and marketing capability. On the result of the analysis, all the components of technology management activity are positively related with commercialization performance. In case of technology innovation competency, however, only production and marketing capabilities have influence on the business performance. Especially, marketing capability controls the effect of technology management activities on the commercialization performance. Consequently, technology management is very important activity for SMEs to succeed commercialization and SMEs should collaborate with production and marketing departments from the early stage of R&D.