Safeguards systems and measures are determined through diversion scenario analysis based on the facility design information submitted to the IAEA when a new nuclear facility is introduced. While the concept of safeguards-by-design (SBD), which considers the safeguards from the design phase for a facility operator to minimize unplanned changes or disruption to facility operations as well as for the IAEA to increase the efficiency and effectiveness in safeguards implementation, has been emphasized for more than a decade, there is no practical tool or guidance on how to apply it. In this study, we develop a diversion path analysis tool and introduce how to apply SBD using it. A diversion path analysis tool was developed based on the elements that constitute diversion and the algorithm generated based on the initial information of facility and nuclear material flow. The results of utilizing the analysis tool depending on a different level of facility information and the safeguards set-ups were compared through examples. Taking a typical light water reactor as an example, the test analyzed the automatic generation of dedicated routes, configuration of safeguards measures, and diversion path analysis. Through this, the application and limitations of the analysis tool are discussed, and ideas for utilization according to the SBD concept and necessary regulatory guidance are proposed. The results of this study are expected to be directly utilized to domestic nuclear control during the regulation process for a construction of new nuclear power systems, and furthermore, to enhance national credibility in the engagement with the IAEA for implementation of safeguards.

This paper will verify the improvement in Life-logging application usage rate with the gamification factor as an element. We classified the gamification factor into three groups, such as, “Acting”, “Achievement”, and “Social”, and a total of four analysis were done consisting of each gamification factor separately and one all together. Usability evaluation questionnaires were conducted to verify functionality and satisfaction. It is expected that effective use of the gamification factor for the Life-logging application will serve as a basis for providing a more enjoyable behavior and application usage rate.

This experiment was conducted to evaluate feed value and usability of soybean varieties as livestock forage. In this study, three soybean cultivars, OT93-26, Geomjeongsaeol, and Pungwon, were harvested at R5 (beginning seed development)- and R6 (full seed)-reproductive stages for analyzing feed value of soybean. Days to R5 stage harvest of OT93-26 among the three soybean cultivars was 55 days and the shortest while Pungwon took 103 days to reach at R6 stage. The R6-harvested soybeans had higher dry matter (DM) yields and crude protein (CP) content than the R5-harvested. However, both DM and CP were the highest in the R6-harvested Geomjeongsaeol. Contents of neutral detergent fiber (nDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) of Pungwon harvested at R5 were the highest whereas the R6-harvested Geomjeongsaeol had the lowest. Digestible dry matter (DDM), dry matter intake (DMI), and relative feed value (RFV) of the R6-harvested Geomjeongsaeol and Pungwon were higher than those of the R5-harvested, but in case of OT93-26, those at R6 stage were low rather than those at R5 stage. However, soybean could be used as alternative forage with high feed value for livestock. Taken together, Geomjeongsaeol could be used for developing new forage soybean varieties with high feed value, and R6 would be the optimum harvesting stage for yield and quality of forage soybean.

It has been very important to have an exact evaluation for risk factors in order to prevent WMSDs(Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders). However, most WMSDs evaluation methods have always been some problems of possibilities associated with subjective evaluation. Therefore, this study tried to conduct a sort of usability analysis on three major evaluation methods(OWAS, RULA, REBA). Specifically, major subjects in the study consisted of three parts as follows; comparison of the results between experienced and inexperienced observers, analysis for the consistency of the results in terms of different evaluation times, and analysis for the consistency of the results in terms of different job characteristics(based on the part of the automobile). The results of the study were summarized as follows; 1) There was statistically significant difference of the results by RULA and by REBA between experienced and inexperienced observers. This might be due to the fact that experienced observers have had better ability to detect the important working posture during evaluation. However, the results by OWAS did not give any significantly different results between experienced and inexperienced observers, 2) All three checklists applied by experienced subjects did not show any single result significantly different in terms of different evaluation times. This might have to do with high intra-observer reliability from some of previous studies, 3) The five parts of an automobile were selected as five major jobs with different job characteristics in the automobile industry. Specifically, they were door part, front part(hood, etc.), inside part(dash board, seats, etc.), rear part(trunk etc.), and bottom part. All three methods did not show any significant differences for the results from each observers. Further study on this subject would eventually provide a sophisticated evaluating guidelines for WMSDs regarding determination of observer-specific evaluation, identification of repetitive number of evaluations for stable results for each checklist, determination of job-specific evaluation methods, and so on.

More and more many people show a keen interest in the ergonomics application car. One of the recent trends of cockpit development is to integrate fore part of whole cockpit and compartment. The goal of this study is to develop and Analysis of User's Convenience a cockpit prototype based on the design guide of cockpit integration module. The process of this study has been followed analyzing development trend of next generation Automotive cockpit, extracting the design factor needed to making integration module and laying down the design guide of cockpit integration module. Finally, this study is indicate an instance that evaluation of utilization with Integrated Automotive Cockpit Module System.

현대인들은 각종 동호회 및 취미생활을 즐기거나 스포츠 활동의 참여를 통하여 건강한 삶을 누리기를 원하고 있다. 또한, 스마트폰 발달로 인해 유비쿼터스(Ubiquitous)환경이 보편화 되면서 운동 관리 및 건강 사후 관리 서비스가 가능한 다양한 헬스케어 앱도 출시되고 있다. 이는 개인 맞춤형 서비스뿐 만 아니라 공유 기능을 통해 다양한 커뮤니케이션을 가능하게 만들고 더 나아가 인간중심의 U-헬스케어 패러다임까지 변화시키고 있다. 여가 스포츠 중에서도 4대강을 중심으로 자전거 도로 건설이 진행되면서 자전거 이용자는 해마다 증가 추세에 있다. 이로 인해 자전거 이용자는 수많은 정보를 빨리 얻길 원하고 있으며, 나에게 맞는 운동 강도조절 등의 적극적인 데이터를 얻기를 원한다. 하지만 국내에서 제작된 헬스케어 자전 거앱은 오픈라이더 외에 전문적으로 자신의 운동강도를 체크하고 자전거에 필요한 여러 데이터를 얻는데 한계가 많다. 따라서 본 연구는 국내외 자전거 헬스케어 앱의 GUI에 따른 사용성을 분석하고 국내 자전거 서비스 앱의 개선방향을 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위해 자전거 헬스케어 앱 중 구글 스토어에서 인기가 높은 5가지 앱을 통해 이를 분석하였고 GUI에서도 구분적 특성, 위계적 특성, 보조적 특성으로 나누어 사용성을 평가하였다. 그 결과, 위계적 요소가 사용성에 가장 많은 영향 주고 있었으며, 그 다음으로 구분적 요소 마지막으로는 보조적 특성이 영향을 주고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 헬스케어 자전거 앱은 이미지나 일러스트레이션들의 다양한 콘텐츠나 버튼등의 구분적, 보조적 특성보다는 색상이나 명도, 채도 차의 위계적 특성을 가장 많이 고려하여 자전거 헬스케어앱을 제작해야 할 것이다.

The main purpose of this study is to provide the back-from-city farmers with the information about the melon cultivation technology by surveying 268 farm houses in the major melon producing districts such as Seongju and Chilgok. For the purpose, this study classifies the essential technologies that the melon experts think as most important into 6 categories: size of plastic film house, covering film, varieties of oriental melon, lagging cover, ventilation method and ways to reduce repeated-cultivation damage. The result of the study shows that the back-from-city farmers should consider the following items when they choose to cultivate oriental melons. For the size of plastic film house, the ventilation method and the covering film of plastic film house, it is better to choose the latest technology. Even though it may require larger initial investment, the latest technology can increase the production and lower the cost. In case of variety, it is better to choose popular or the most widely grown ones rather than the new ones. The lagging cover should be selected in consideration of climate conditions such as average temperature and humidity, transplant time and harvest time of the farming region.

암환자의 방사선 치료기술은 3D-CRT, IMRT, Tomotherapy로 발전해 가고 있으며 이 3가지의 치료법은 임상에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 방사선 치료기술이다. 본 연구에서는 3D-CRT, IMRT(Linac Based) 그리고 Tomotherapy 치료시정상조직과 종양조직의 선량분포를 비교해 보고자 한다. 실험방법으로는 조직 등가물질로 이루어진 인체모형팬톰 (Anthropomorphic Phantom)을 대상으로 CT simulation을 실시(Slice Thickness : 3mm)하여 획득된 영상에 GTV를비인두 부위로 정하고 PTV는 GTV에 2mm정도의 영역을 포함시켜 치료계획용 장비(ADAC-Pinnacle3. TomotherapyHi-Art System)으로 전송한다. 치료계획은 PTV의 처방선량을 7020 cGy로 설정한 후 PTV에 부여되는 선량값과 정상조직인 이하선, 구강, 척수에 흡수되는 선량값을 산출하였다. 실험결과 PTV에 분포된 선량값은 Tomotherapy, LinacBased - IMRT, 3D-CRT가 각각 6923 cGy, 6901 cGy, 6718 cGy의 선량분포를 보여 종양조직 처방선량값인 7020cGy의 95%이상 부여되어 종양제어측면(TCP)에 부합하였으며 정상조직(이하선, 구강, 척수)은 각각 1966 cGy(Tomotherapy), 2405 cGy(IMRT), 2468 cGy(3D-CRT)[이하선], 2991 cGy(Tomotherapy), 3062 cGy(IMRT),3684 cGy(3D-CRT)[구강], 1768 cGy(Tomotherapy), 2151 cGy(IMRT), 4031 cGy(3D-CRT)[척수]의 선량이 분포되었으며 이는 정상조직 합병증발생율(NTCP)의 선량을 넘지 않았다. 모든 치료기법에서 종양조직과 정상조직이 선량분포측면에 부합하였다. 3D-CRT의 치료법이 선량분포 면에서 가장 양호하지 않았지만 종양조직제어율(TCP)과 정상조직합병증율(NTCP)을 고려해 볼 때 기준치를 벗어나지 않는 선량이 분포 되었다. 상대적으로 선량분포가 우수한 Tomotherapy, IMRT는 오랜 치료시간 때문에 폐쇄공포증환자나 호흡불량 환자가 치료받는데 어려울 수 있다. 특히 토모테라피의 경우 치료 전에 고에너지 컴퓨터 단층촬영을 매일 실시하기 때문에 불필요한 방사선 피폭을 초래할 수 있다. 결론적으로 Tomotherapy가 선량분포에서 가장 우수한 치료기법으로 평가되었으며, IMRT, 3D-CRT의 순으로 방사선치료의 적합성을 보였다. 하지만 실제 치료시 환자의 상태에 따라 제한적으로 3차원 입체조형치료를 시행하여도무방하다고 사료된다.

스마트폰 게임 시장이 급격한 성장세를 보임에 따라 다양한 게임들이 등장하고 있다. 여러 장르의 스마트폰 게임 중에서 교육/훈련용 시뮬레이션 게임은 거의 출시되지 않고 있는 현실이다. 본 연구는 스마트폰 기반의 시뮬레이션 게임의 사용성 및 사업화 가능성을 분석하기위해 주차시뮬레이션 게임을 개발하여 아이폰 및 안드로이드 버전을 직접 퍼블리싱하였다. 개발된 주차 시뮬레이션 게임은 스마트폰 환경에서 최대한 현실과 유사한 경험을 하면서도 몰입감을 줄 수 있도록 설계되었다. 아이폰의 경우 출시 한 달 만에 30만 건 이상이 다운로드 되었고, 안드로이드 버전의 경우도 폭발적인 사용자 증가가 일어나고 있다. 이는 UI 및 화면의 제약이 있더라도 스마트폰 기반의 교육/훈련용 시뮬레이션 게임이 사용자들을 충분히 확보 할 수 있으며 상업적으로도 성과를 낼 수 있다는 것을 의미한다.