PURPOSES : The effect of yellow carpet visibility enhancement was verified and its impact on traffic safety for effective introduction of traffic safety facilities was studied. METHODS : There is currently no scientific evidence demonstrating that yellow carpets improve pedestrian awareness. In this study, the effect of increasing visibility caused by the installation of yellow carpet was verified, and the effect of improving the level of traffic safety was examined through an objective analysis. A drone was used to collect and analyze video data to compare the driving speeds of vehicles passing near yellow carpets at six different sites and diagnose the effects of speed reduction. RESULTS : The results showed that the visibility improvement values before and after the installation of the yellow carpet differed from place to place, but a visibility improvement effect existed in certain cases. In terms of the adequacy of the installation site, the yellow carpet had no deceleration effect on vehicles driving on signalized local streets and collector highways. It was found that there was a speed reduction effect on unsignalized local streets. CONCLUSIONS : To enhance traffic safety promotion, yellow carpets should be placed on unsignalized local streets. It is important to place the yellow carpet in the right place in a proper manner.

PURPOSES : Evaluation of the effectiveness of changing the form of yellow carpet installation as a way to reduce child pedestrian traffic accidents. METHODS : Through expert opinion, two improvement plans for yellow carpet installation (oblique type, extended type) were derived. The improvement paln was built in virtual reality, and a virtual driving experiment was performed using a driving simulator and eye-trakcing device. The improvement effects of the two alternatives were evaluated by analyzing eye-tracking data and driving behavior. RESULTS : In the case of the oblique type, it was analyzed that it was effective in improving the total gaze time and first gaze position compared to the normal type. In the case of the extended type, it was analyzed that the workload during operation can be reduced. However, neither of them had a significant effect on driving behavior. CONCLUSIONS : Although the change in the yellow carpet installation type did not affect the driver's driving behavior, it had advantages in terms of visual behavior and workload while driving, so it can be considered as an alternative among measures to improve traffic accidents involving children and pedestrians.

PURPOSES : This study analyzes the effectiveness of different types of children's safety devices in a school zone. The analysis targets are yellow carpet type A (installed up to the floor and wall) and yellow carpet type B (installed only on the floor). METHODS : Based on field data collected at a school zone in Seoul, statistical tests were conducted to compare three different pairs of data: (1) none vs. yellow carpet type A, (2) none vs. yellow carpet type B, and (3) yellow carpet types A and B. The test employed two different measures: (1) the level of drivers’ eye attention and (2) the level of the vehicle deceleration rate. The study utilized software named "Visual Attention Software" to quantify the level of drivers’ eye attention at the location where children pedestrians were waiting for a green signal. It also utilized the Vegas (pro 17) image processing software to reduce the cruising speed data frame-by-frame from the video streaming data. The image data used in this study were collected with (1) camcorders attached to a test vehicle and (2) a drone aerial imaging technique. RESULTS : It was found that the level of the drivers’ eye attention level improved in the daytime when either of yellow carpet types A and B was placed; moreover, the safety enhancement effects were statistically identical. However, in nighttime, the measures only improved when the yellow carpet type A was placed. It was learned that yellow carpet type A provides significant safety effects according to both measures, i.e., the level of drivers’ eye attention and cruising speed. CONCLUSIONS : The test results suggest that the yellow carpet type A should be installed in school zones to maximize the safety effects of yellow carpets.

Conflicting accounts of environmentally-friendly motives exist (see Chan, 2001; Hartmann & Apaolaza-Ibanez, 2012; Haws et al., 2014; Johnstone & Tan, 2015; Rashid, 2009; Royne et al., 2013). Recent research has turned to identity-society explanations (see Park & Lee, 2016). This research furthers this inquiry and narrows the gap. To understand environmentally-friendly clothing options (EFCO) motives better, this study uses uniqueness theory, which posits that consumers adopt dress different from mass fashion simply because it is unpopular (Snyder & Fromkin, 1977; Tian et al., 2001). Accordingly, environmentally-friendly attitudes should have nothing to do with the environment, but with norms, conformity, pressure (Law et al., 2004), and uniqueness. Thus, the research questions consist of: 1) is need for uniqueness in dress related to EFCO purchase intentions? 2) If so, does uniqueness relate to other EFCO motives? A survey was administered (n=220), using existing scales, to an online consumer panel All scales exhibited sufficient reliability. Pearson-Product Moment Scores and ANOVAs were used to assess variable relationships. As predicted, concern for the environment and perceived individual impact on the environment were unrelated to need for uniqueness. There was a significant and positive relationship between need for uniqueness and each of: attitudes toward EFCO and social pressure to act green. This indicates that individuals feel social pressure from important others to adapt to consumer trends. However, the manner in which they adopt mass consumer movements, such as sustainability, may be in more unique ways and via unpopular choice, such as EFCO. Finally, an ANOVA indicated that those high in uniqueness were willing to pay substantially more for EFCO.

실내 공기는 대기와는 달리 실내 건축 자재에서 유래된 물질로 오염될 수 있다. 본 연구는 실내자재인 카펫에서 방출되는 휘발성 유기화합물의 생물학적 영향을 평가하기 위하여 수행되었다. 카펫과 자주달개비 BNL 4430 꽃차례를 환경노출시험용기에 넣고 일정시간 노출을 실시하였고 흡착관의 VOCs에 대한 화학분석을 실시하였다. 화학분석결과 카펫에서는 12종의 VOCs가 방출되는 것이 확인되었으며 이중 스틸렌(71.9μg m-3)과 톨루엔(

This paper describes the experiments for investigating the effects of thermal stability of several commercial carpet mate materials. The melting point and thermal decomposition temperature was measured by means of a differential scanning calorimeter(DSC) in air condition. The DSC data and burning test results of nylon bulked continuous filament(N-BCF) yarn 100%, nylon(NY), polypropylene(PP), and a new material named polytrimethyleneterephthalate(PTT) were analysed to obtain the effect on their thermal stability. Conclusively, we observed that PTT and PP were approximately 380℃ and 240℃ to start the thermal decomposition, respectively. In other words, PTT is thermally the most stable material for carpet manufacturing.

The accidents occurred by unstable material which is easily exploded or burnt up were caused by heat and collision under the condition of relatively low temperature without oxygen, have been reported frequently. However, the amount of the unstable material is getting higher by development of fine ceramic research area even though its dangerous characteristic is disregarded. This research studied a heat stability and measured boiling point of various carpet material. Carpet has been used in home as well as general indoor usage. Now a day, carpet material which is hardly burnt has been on commercial, but its detailed unstable conditions is not mentioned. This research reports the measurement of the initial temperature of generation heat and heat-radiation change on differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The DSC data of nylon bulked continuous filament (N-BCF) yam 100%, nylon (NY), poly propylene (PP), and a new material named polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) are studied and researched about the effect of them using TGA, furnace, and direct-burning experiment.