본 연구에서는 초임계 이산화탄소를 사용해 도라지(balloonflower, Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC) 종자로부터 추출한 유지의 기능성과 에멀전 특성에 대해 조사하였다. 종자에 비해 도라지 종자유는 총 polyphenol(8 mg/100 g)의 함량이 낮았으나 α-tocopherol(14.15 mg/ 100 g), β -sitosterol(116 mg/100 g) 및 stigmasterol(8 mg/100 g)의 함량은 높았다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능으로 분석한 종자유(IC50=1235.5 μg/mL)의 항산화능은 종자(IC50=1138.2 μg/mL)와 유사하였다. 1%(w/w) lecithin 농도에서 도라지 종자유를 사용해 제조한 에멀젼은 탁도, 지방구 입자 크기 및 형상, 유화안정 성에서 콩기름을 사용한 에멀젼과 유사하였으나 들기름 사용 에멀젼보다는 탁도 및 유화안정성이 낮았고 지방구 입자는 크게 나타났다. 도라지 종자유 에멀젼의 표면장력은 들기름 에멀젼과 유사하였다.

This research was conducted to investigate the effect of essential oil (EO) from Artemisia Princeps Pampanini on quality of tomato during storage. EO was extracted by steam distillation and diluted by 1 and 2%. Total phenolic contents and antioxidative activities of EO were analyzed. Tomato was packaged corrugated box covered with polypropylene (PP) film containing EO (1 and 2%) and then stored at room temperature for 10 days. During storage, appearance, weight loss rate, soluble solid contents, pH and a (redness) value were measured for tomato. Total phenolic contents of EO increased in a dose-dependence. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities also showed a concentration-dependent increase. The weight loss rate was lowest using the film packaged in 1% EO. During the storage period, soluble solid contents and pH increased in all treatments. The a value increased regardless of EO concentration in films. Especially, tomato packaged with EO film showed a lower a value than non EO-packaged ones. This result suggests that application of EO to film is effective for tomato quality preservation.

생 찐솔잎에 콩기름과 올리브유를 첨가하여 추출한 솔잎추출유의 저장기간에 따른 산패도를 측정하였고 솔잎추출유를 김에 발라 제조한 맛김에 대한 관능검사 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 저장기간에 따른 중량변화 측정 결과, 콩기름은 14일째 생 찐 솔잎추출유는 21일째 생 찐 올리브유 솔잎추출유는 14일부터 중량이 서서히 증가하여 28일에 중량이 가장 크게 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 2. TBARS 생성량도 저장기간 14일째 콩기름에 비해 콩기름에 생 찐 솔잎을 첨가할 경우 TBARS의 함량이 유의적으로 낮았고, 28일째 올리브유도 생 찐솔잎을 첨가할 경우 TBARS의 함량이 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다. 3. 지방산 산화의 2차 생성물은 aqueous layer에서 저장기간에 따라 감소하였고 특히 14일째에 다른 추출유에 비해 콩기름이 크게 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 한편 organic layer는 저장기간 14일째 콩기름에서 가장 크게 증가하였고 솔잎을 첨가할 경우 유의적으로 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 올리브유의 경우도 솔잎을 첨가한 올리브 솔잎 추출유에서 2차 생성물이 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 4. 제조된 생 찐 솔잎 추출유를 김에 발라 7점 기호척도법을 이용하여 관능검사를 실시한 결과 향, 맛 그리고 전반적인 기호도 모두 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않아 솔잎추출유를 김에다 바를 경우 거부감을 주지 않는 것으로 조사되었다. 이상의 결과 솔잎에 콩기름과 올리브유를 첨가하여 추출한 솔잎추출유는 원유보다 산화에 대해 안정한 것으로 나타났고, 이를 이용한 맛김도 좋은 것으로 평가되어 솔잎추출유의 식품에 이용 가능성이 시사되었다.

The Korean daily intake of vegetable oils has increased about 2.5-fold from 17 g/day to 46 g/day for the last several decades. Perilla (Perilla frutescens var. frutescens) has been cultivated in Korea for a long time as a dietary oil seed which has the highest content of α-linolenic acid, accounting for nearly 60%. It is known that the main role of ALA is as a precursor to the longer-chain ω-3, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the metabolic products of α-linolenic acid (ALA, ω-3). Dietary ω-3 fatty acids reduce inflammation and the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and arthritis, but they also may act as functional components for cognitive and behavioral function. Thus, α -linolenic acid is one of the essential nutrients in modern dietary patterns in which much linoleic acid is consumed. Nevertheless, perilla oil, rich in α-linolenic acid, can be easily oxidized, giving rise to controversies with respect to shelf life, the deterioration of the product’s commercial value, and further related toxicity. Recent research using genetic modifications has tried to develop new plant oil seeds that balance the ratio of ω-6/ω-3 fatty acids. Such trials could be a strategy for improving an easily oxidizable property of perilla oil due to high α-linolenic acid. Alternatively, appropriate application of antioxidant to the oil can be considerable.

To investigate the functional properties and the antioxidant effect of pine needle(Pinus densiflora), the pine needle extract was obtained with methanol and its functionality was measured by spectrophotometric method, and the antioxidant experiment on soybean oil was carried out by the active oxygen method. The extraction yield of pine needle with 99% methanol was about 19%, the total flavonoid content of the pine needle-methanol extract was 11.32 mg/g on dry basis and the superoxide dismutase-like activity was 94.3%. The nitrite scavenging ability of the extract was pH dependent with the values of 77.44% at pH 1.2, 48.45% at pH 3.0 and 11.04% at pH 6.0, respectively. The peroxide value was 92.6 meq/kg at 5% dosage, 138.4 meq/kg at 2% dosage of the extract on 8 oxidation days. The period of the peroxide value to be 100 mg/kg was 4.9, 6.3 and 8.5 days at control, 2% and 5% dosage of extract, respectively. And the relative antioxidant effectiveness of the extract was 27.9% and 72.3% increase at 2% and 5% dosage, respectively, compared to control. The thiobarbituric acid value showed few differences within 4 oxidation days, but with the dosage of the extract it fairly decreased with considerable antioxidant effect to control above 4 days.

The number of natural products obtained from plants has now reached over 100,000 and new chemical compounds are being discovered ever year. Medicinal and Aromatic plants and their extracts have been used for centuries to relieve pain, aid healing, kill bacteria and insects are important as the antifungal and anti-herbivore agents with further compounds being involved in the symbiotic associations. Although their functions in plants have not been fully established, it is Known that some substances have growth regulatory properties while others are involved in pollination and seed dispersal. The complex nature of these chemicals are usually produced in various types of secretory structures which is an important character of a plant family and also influenced and controlled by genetic and ecological factors. Detailed anatomical description of these structures ave relevant to the market value of the plants, the verification of authenticity of a given species and for the detection of substitution or adulteration. Volatile oils are used for their therapeutic action for flavoring of lemon, in perfumery of rose or as starting materials for the synthesis of other compounds of turpentine. For therapeutic purposes they are administered as inhalations of eucalyptus oil, peppermint oil, as gargles and mouthwashes of thymol and transdermally many essential oils including those of lavender, etc. With these current trend for using volatile components in essential oil will be increasing in the future in Korea and in the world as well.