The subfamilies Hypenodinae and Boletobiinae has various size with wingspan 5.5-28mm, belonging to the family Erebidae. They are mainly distributed the Palaearctic region, including temperate zone. Host plants of them are known as fungi and lichen etc. Some larvae live with lichen on their bodies. The subfamily belongs to subfamily is the Noctuoidea, containing more than 42,500 species. Accordingly, a unified high-level classification system could not be established due to the different opinions among the researchers and perspectives on the characteristics of each taxon. Recently, Zahiri et al. (2011, 2012) established the taxonomy of the family Erebidae, based on the molecular phylogenetic study. As we know, there has been a lot of confusion regarding the taxonomic positions of subfamily with allied taxa according to the complicated upper taxonomic system. Thus, this study is aimed to review and discuss the taxonomic history of the groups in this study.

Erebidae is one of the most diverse families within Lepidoptera. Erebinae is one of its subfamilies that stands out for having a remarkable diversity, which complicates its taxonomic classification. It exhibits a high degree of global diversity, with many yet-to-be-explored faunal aspects. In this study, we review the historical classification of Erebinae and incorporate the latest molecular phylogenetic analyses alongside traditional morphological groupings. Furthermore, we present a detailed list of Erebine tribes and species found in Korea, highlighting the literature and morphological characteristics employed in grouping genera within these tribes. This study aims to advance our understanding of Erebinae’s complex taxonomy and biodiversity.

중국 동북공정으로 촉발된 고구려 역사 귀속문제는 한중 양국 간의 역사문화 갈등 중 가장 대표적인 사례다. 그동안 중국에서는 통일다민족국가론에 입각하여 영토주 권론을 내세움으로써 고구려 역사를 민족, 강역 등 측면에서 자국의 ‘국사’로 규정해 왔다. 그러나 2010년 이후부터 학계에서 중국 국사 이론의 구축 및 민족, 강역 등과 관련된 개념에 대한 인식은 이전과 크게 달라지면서 과거 연구 이론 위에 구축된 고구려사 인식은 점차 이론적 근거를 잃게 되었다. 이 같은 현실적 배경을 바탕으로 본 논문은 현재 중국 국사 연구의 새로운 동향을 결합하여, 과거 중국 국사 서술에서의 이론적 구축 문제를 다시 돌아봄으로써 한중 고구려 역사 귀속 문제에 대한 중국학자들이 가진 몇 가지 인식 오류를 살펴보고자 한다.

This study reviewed the literature on the changes in Maekjeok, Seoryamyeok and Neobiani. Choi Nam-sun first mentioned the Maekjeok in「Maeilsinbo」 as a “Buyeo·Goguryeo” style meat roast in 1937. Maekjeok was assumed to be made of various kinds of meat, including wild boars, and it was seasoned and baked as a whole. Seoryamyeok is a royal food found in Uigwe of the Joseon Dynasty and meat that was also eaten in the private sector. In 1609, the ingredients for the dish were pork, but beef was later used. The recipe has been simplified since the 19th century. Neobiani is known as royal cuisine, but it does not appear in official records. The first known record thus far is ‘Neobiani’ in「Siuijeonseo」. On the other hand, ‘Neobuhalmi’ which was presumed to be the same food as ‘Neobiani’, was found in a「Dictionnaire Coreen- Francais」(1880). In addition, ‘Neobiani’ was found in「A Korean-English dictionary」(1897). From Maekjeok, followed by Seoryamyeok and Neobiani, Korean roasting meat culture has a common feature of roasting pre-sauced meat, and this trait has continued to bulgogi.

오늘날 세계 5위의 생산 규모로 성장한 우리나라 자동차 산업에 대한 논의는 1976년 우리나라 최초의 승용차 고유모델 ‘포니’를 개발한 현대자동차 고유의 추격 전략을 중심으로 진행되었다. 그러나 ‘포니’ 개발 당시 정부의 ‘장기 자동차공업 진흥계획’이 중요한 역할을 했음에도 불구하고, 이에 대한 분석은 매우 제한적이다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 1974년 수립된 ‘장기 자동차 공업 진흥계획’의 주요 내용을 심층고찰하고, 이전 정부 정책과의 비교를 통해 본 계획의 의의와 ‘포니’ 탄생에서의 역할을 제시하였다. 연구결과 본 계획은 자동차 산업에서의 외국모델 기반의 소규모 부분조립생산 체제가 가지는 기술학습과 산업 성장의 한계를 명확히 인식하고, 대량생산 체제 도입을 위한 고유모델 개발을 처음으로 제시하였다. 또한 이의 효과적 실행을 위해 완성차 업체의 고유모델 개발을 전제로 한 해외 차관 보증 지원, 승용차의 인테그랄 아키텍처 특성을 고려한 부품 게열화 지원, 수요 창출을 위한 세제 및 관세 개편, 경제성 분석, 외부 지식기반 정보 제공 등 상당히 정밀하면서 총체적인 정책 지원을 포함하고 있음을 확인하였다. 특히 본 계획에 대한 완성차 업체의 구체적인 사업계획서 제출을 유도함으로써 본 계획에 대한 정부와 산업계 간 상호 신뢰 구축은 물론 추진 의지를 확인하고, 기업 내부의 반발을 해소하는데 중요한 역할을 하였음을 확인하였다. 그 결과 우리나라는 세계 16번째로 자동차 고유모델을 보유한 나라가 되었으며, 이에 힘입어 부품 국산화율을 획기적으로 개선하는데 성공하였다. 현대자동차 또한 내수시장 석권은 물론 해외 수출에 성공하며 우리나라 자동차 산업의 비약적 성장을 견인하였다. 본 연구는 우리나라 자동차 산업 초기 성장 과정에서의 정부의 역할을 심층 고찰하였다는 점에서 후발국 산업 추격 이론에 대한 심화와 함께 정책 수립에 대한 중요한 함의를 제공할 것으로 기대된다.

19세기 미국의 종교사에서 제2차 영적 대각성운동의 영향으로 인한 종교적 열정이 다양한 종교 운동을 이끌었고, 그 중에는 환상 체험을 통해 영적 권위를 드러내는 선지자들이 적지 않게 출현했다. 엘렌 화이트의 특별한 영적 체험과 사역은 그녀를 신적 권위를 가진 선지자로 받아들이게 하는 계기가 되었고, 아울러 비평의 요소가 되기도 하였다. 전통적 방식에서 그녀를 연구한 사람들은 그녀가 가지는 이런 신적 영향력을 강조한다. 그러나 역사적 방식의 연구가 발전하면서 신적 이미지로 강조되었던 엘렌 화이트에 대한 역사비평적 자료들이 나타나게 되었다.『엘렌 하몬 화이트』는 재림교회 역사학자들에 의해 엄정하게 시도된 “역사적 엘렌 화이트” 연구물로 옥스퍼드대학교 출판부에서 출판되었다. 이 연구서에서 역사가들은 그녀가 선지자인가?란 물음에 대한 학문적 답변을 추구하였다. 이 연구물에서는 엘렌 화이트의 다층적 정체성이 부각되었고, 그 한 층위에서 선지자로서의 역할이 드러나는 역사적 계기들이 제시되었다. 그럼에도 불구하고 역사적 엘렌 화이트에서 제기되고 있는 정체성 논쟁은 이 연구를 계기로 좀 더 전문화되고 있다.

문장을 보면 소식은 역사 인물과 그에 관련된 사건의 객관적 사실보다는 그런 사건이 일어나게 된 본질적인 문제인, 당사자의 내재적인 원인에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 소식은 역사인물론을 쓸 때 그 인물과 그 인물이 처했던 역사사건을 동시에 논한다. 이는 단순한 인물에 대한 품평이 아니라, 그 인물이 그 당시 상황에서 주어진 환경에서 정치적, 사회적, 군사적 역할을 어떻게 했느냐를 보았다는 것이다. 다시 말하면 인물론은 한 인물의 역사적 역할의 공과를 바탕으로 그 원인을 분석한 글이다. 소식의 이런 글들은 대체로 진부한 설교가 아니라 다양한 관점으로 심도 있게 파헤침으로써 기본적으로 “모든 문제는 당사자에게 있다 反求諸 身”는 관점을 갖고 사람을 평가했다.

The purpose of this study is to review speaking articles published in the journal of English Teaching over the past 50 years. A total of 145 speaking articles were analyzed according to research areas, target groups, language and research methodologies for every ten years from 1965 to 2015. A thematic analysis was also conducted based on eleven major research categories. The results showed that a shift of focus in research themes occurred around the fourth decade ofthe journal between 1995 and 2004 with a surge in the amount of speaking articles, greater attention of which was paid to methods and approaches, i.e., specific classroom-oriented tasks and activities to improve students' oral proficiency. While oral assessment was the second most productive area of research topics, the number of studies on materials and media ranked third, due to the trend in computer-assisted language learning in the last two decades. Research methodologies were evenly divided among theoretical, quantitative, qualitative, and alternative types, although the recent two decades have witnessed a noticeable increase in the number of quantitative analyses based on survey and experimental studies and qualitative studies on classroom discourse and native versus non-native interaction. Implications and future directions are suggested.

The purpose of this research is to review studies of English education for young learners in the journal of English Teaching in order to commemorate its 50 years of history. Atotal of 126 young learners ofEnglish-related studies between 1965 and 2015 were collected. The studies were analyzed by historical trend, research methods, topics, subjects, contexts, and authors. The results are as follows: the studies on young learners of English have increased since 1982 when English was allowed to teach as an extracurricular activity in elementary schools; 103(81.7%) studies were identified as empirical research, and 23(18.3%) studies were identified as theoretical research; the most preferred research topic was 'teaching/learning' and 'investigation, effect, and direction' of English education in Korea; the most studied subjects were elementary students; the most preferred research context was Korea; and 98.4% ofresearchers was Korean. Based on the findings, several suggestions are made for future research in the area ofyoung learners ofEnglish.

In order to shed some light on the historical change of biodiversity concepts, this paper reviews the science and technology studies (STS) literature on the history of biological research on human genetic diversity. By doing that, I show how the notion of genetic diversity in the human population - from “race” to “population” to “biogeographical ancestry” - has changed with methodologies and techniques over the last hundred years. In the meantime, I point out contexts and situations, despite conceptual and methodological developments, that show that current human genetic diversity research is slipping into the past mistakes of scientific racism. This article offers biodiversity researchers an opportunity to consider their own scientific practices on classifying species more reflectively.

Yponomeutoidea are one of the largest superfamily of microlepidoptera, comprising over 1,800 species worldwide. The composition of the superfamily was clarified by Kyrki (1984), who suggested that the monophyly of the group (based on Yponomeuta) was supported by presence of pleural robes on abdominal segment of A8 of the male. First record of Yponomeutoidea from Korea has performed by K.T. Park in 1983, and then more than 50 species have been recorded up to date. In the present study, we reviewed of the species of Yponomeutoidea from Korea, with Ypsolopha sp.

Taxonomic studies of Taiwan moths have been done by only a few Taiwanese and foreign entomologists. The earliest significant collections and studies of Taiwan Lepidoptera began in 1856 with the arrival of Robert Swinhoe (1836-1877) as British Consul in Taiwan. The Japanese Occupation (Sino-Japanese War of 1895-1945) enabled studies by mainly Japanese scientists, and post- 1945 many Japanese and some others scientists visited Taiwan to study and collect moths and butterflies. In 1992, Heppner and Inoue (eds.) reported over 3,900 species in the checklist of "Lepidoptera of Taiwan" for the first time, based on the materials from 62 collecting sites and previous records. Recently,the Lepidoptera series of guide books to Insects in Taiwan was published by Mr. H.Y. Wang. Also the 2nd author has a publication plan of a total of 10 volumes in the series of "Lepidoptera of Taiwan", and a color introduction due out this year. In this study, we identified over 3,000 specimens of the subfamily Olethreutinae belonging to the family Tortricidae, collected at 62 sites in Taiwan from 1982 to 2006 by the 2nd author and some of collection’s of Y.S. Bae and K. T. Park in 1996-1999. We recognize the results of identification that more than 280 Taiwan tortricids, including over 35 newly recorded or new species, are in the Taiwan fauna.

Historical review on Korean vegetables was performed to illustrate the important position of the vegetables in Korean food culture. It is assumed that the cultivation of vegetable crops had been begun along with crop production. Korean people placed great importance on quality of vegetables including flavor and texture. It was also confirmed that vegetables had been cultivated and preserved by scientific methods. They grew vegetables at their leisure and knew to utilize medicinal effects of vegetables. This review reveals Korean ancestor's wisdom to use vegetables as foods for the relief of the sufferers from famine at the time of spring food shortage or crop failures.