This research aims to investigate pudding with grain-added yogurt for its quality characteristics and viability during cold storage. The yogurt was fermented until its pH was 5.10±0.05 after inoculating the probiotic strain (Bifidobacterium lactis, BB-12) into the milk base containing grains. The yogurt was added to prepare probiotic puddings. During cold storage of the puddings at 4±1oC for 4 week, the quality characteristics (pH, acidity, texture) and the viability of BB-12 in pudding were determined and compared to control (only milk base). As a result, MR had a significantly lower pH and higher acidity than those of other samples. In texture properties, including hardness, gumminess, and chewiness, MSIR showed the significantly highest value, and the pudding with inulin was significantly higher than rice flour in all textures. For the viability of BB-12, pudding with milk was significantly lower than pudding containing milk and soymilk, suggesting that soymilk helps maintain viability. MR showed significantly higher viability than MI in the milk-based pudding, indicating that rice flour is more effective than inulin. Therefore, the addition of soymilk, inulin, and rice can maintain quality characteristics and viability of BB-12 in the pudding.

This research aimed to investigate the effects of the inoculation method and diverse ingredients on the quality properties and probiotics viability of pudding with milk and/or soymilk. The probiotic strain (Lactobacillus acidophilus, LA-5) was inoculated into the yogurt base and fermented until the pH is 5.10 ± 0.05. The fermented yogurt was added into pudding base (yogurt inoculation), or LA-5 was directly inoculated (direct inoculation). During the storage of the puddings at 4±1oC for 4 wks, the quality characteristics (pH, acidity, texture) and the probiotics viability of pudding were measured and compared. As a result, the puddings with yogurt inoculation showed significantly lower pH and higher acidity than those with direct inoculation. In texture properties, including hardness, chewiness, and gumminess, the addition of rice powder increased those in milk pudding more but the addition of inulin in the milk-soymilk pudding more. The addition of rice powder increased probiotics viability more than inulin in milk and milk-soymilk puddings. Therefore, adding rice and/or inulin can potentially improve the probiotics viability and quality characteristics of pudding.

본 연구는 예로부터 조리 없이 간편하게 먹을 수 있는 올벼쌀을 푸딩으로 제조한 후에 항산화 활성과 품질 특성을 평가하여 다양한 가공식품으로 개발 가능성을 확인하고자 하였다. 올벼쌀 첨가 푸딩의 수분함량, 탁도, 당도, 염도, pH 등을 측정한 결과는 수분햠량과 pH는 올벼쌀을 첨가하지 않은 대조군이 가장 높았고(p<0.001), 탁도와 당도는 올벼쌀 100% 첨가군이 가장 높았으며(p<0.001), 염도는 100% 첨가군이 가장 낮았으나, 올벼쌀을 첨가하지 않은 대조군과 올벼쌀 75 % 이하 첨가군 간에 염도 차이는 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 색도에서는 명도인 L값(p<0.001)과 적색도인 a값은 올벼쌀을 첨가하지 않은 대조군이 가장 높았고, 황색도인 b값(p<0.001)은 올벼쌀 100% 첨가군이 가장 높았다. 기계적 조직감 측정에서는 올벼쌀의 첨가량이 증가할수록 경도(p<0.001), 탄력성(p<0.01), 씹힘성(p<0.001)은 감소하지만, 부착성(p<0.01)은 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 올벼쌀의 첨가량이 증가할수록 응집성는 증가하지만 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 올벼쌀 첨가 푸딩의 관능검사 결과에서 외관(p<0.05), 향(p<0.05), 맛(p<0.01), 조직감(p<0.001), 전반적인 기호도(p<0.001)는 올벼쌀의 첨가량 증가에 따라서 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났는데, 올벼쌀 100% 첨가군이 모든 관능적 특성에서 가장 좋은 기호도를 가진 것으로 나타났다. 올벼쌀 첨가 푸딩의 항산화 활성에서는 올벼쌀의 첨가량이 증가할수록 DPPH 라디칼과 superoxide anion 라디칼 소거활성, 환원력 등의 항산화 활성이 모두 증가하는 것으로 나타났다(p< 0.001). 이상의 연구결과를 종합하여 볼 때에 관능검사 결과에서 가장 기호도가 높고 항산화 활성이 우수한 것으로 나타난 올벼쌀 100% 첨가군으로 푸딩을 제조하는 것이 가장 기호도가 높으면서 품질과 기능성이 우수한 쌀 푸딩을 제조할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 다만, 본 연구에서는 올벼쌀에 조리 시 호화 특성에 대한 선행연구가 부족하여 수침 시 증가하였던 수분함량이 푸딩으로 제조 시 감소하는 것에 대해서 명확하게 규명하지 못하였으므로 향후 올벼쌀의 다양한 식품 모델 연구를 통해 조리과정에서의 올벼쌀의 변화에 대해서 연구하면 올벼쌀을 가공식품으로 개발하는데 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.

Response surface methodology (RSM) was performed in order to determine the optimal mixing conditions of different amounts of egg and sugar for the preparation of soybean pudding. The experiments were designed according to a central composite design by designating whole egg and sugar content as independent variables. Meanwhile, sweetness, Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage (CIE) color parameters (L*, a* and b* values), hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, and gumminess were response variables. Overall optimization, conducted by overlaying the contour plots under investigation, was able to determine the optimal range of dependent variables within which the 14 responses were simultaneously optimized. The point chosen as a representative of this optimal region corresponded to 50.00 g of whole egg and 31.66 g of sugar. Under these conditions, the model predicted L* value=80.03, a* value=-5.44, b* value=27.86, sweetness=21.23 (˚Brix), hardness=25.45×105 (dyne/cm2), cohesiveness=67.90 (%), springiness=46.20 (%), and gumminess=12.71 (g).

The principal objective of this study was to evaluate the quality characteristics of Bokbunja pudding, using various levels of Bokbunja fruit juice (140, 150, and 130 g), Bokbunja Wine (10, 20, and 20 g), gelatin (18, 17, and 16 g) and sugar (250, 200, and 150 g). In order to establish the optimal added amounts, chemical composition, saccharinity, color, texture, and sensory evaluations were conducted, and the results of various cases were analyzed and assessed. The statistical data analyses were conducted using the SPSS program. The saccharinity of the Bokbunja pudding increased with increasing amountsof added sugar. Additionally, as the amount of added Gelatin was increased, the L values (lightness) of the Bokbunja pudding decreased. Conversely, the hardness, gumminess, and chewiness values all decreased with decreasing levels of added gelatin and sugar. The optimal mixing condition for the Bokbunja pudding was determined via sensory evaluation. Sensory characteristics, including flavor, sweetness, texture, and overall acceptability, were highest in the type C product. The chemical composition of the type C product was as follows: moisture 71.47%, carbohydrate 24.70%, crude protein 3.83%, crude fat 0.001%, and crude ash 0.001%. According to our results, the optimum mixing ratio for the most satisfactory sensory characteristics of Bokbunja was as follows: Bokbunja fruit juice 130 g, Bokbunja Wine 20 g, Gelatin 16 g, Sugar 150 g, Bokbunja Flavor 0.3 g, and Water 400 g.

절화장미 신품종 "피치푸딩"품종육성은 향기가 우수하고 절화수명이 긴 스탠다드 장미 품종육성을 목표로 2000년도에 적색의 스탠다드 '레드산드라'를 모본으로 향기가 있는 백분홍색의 스탠다드 '도로레스'를 부본으로 인공교배하여 2001-2002년에 271개체의 실생을 획득하여 이들을 대상으로 2003-2006년까지 3차에 거쳐 특성검정을 실시한후 최종선발된 '원교D1-72'를 "피치푸딩"으로 명명하였다. "피치푸딩"의 화색은 오렌지색으로 RHS 칼라챠트번호