간행물
Development & Reproduction KCI 등재 발생과 생식
- 발행기관 한국발생생물학회
- 자료유형 학술지
- 간기 계간
- ISSN 2465-9525 (Print)2465-9541 (Online)
- 수록기간 1997 ~ 2018
- 주제분류 자연과학 > 생물학 자연과학 분류의 다른 간행물
- 십진분류KDC 472DDC 570
권호리스트/논문검색
Vol. 16 No. 3 (2012년 9월) 8건
1.
2012.09
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Therapeutic cancer is a long lasting and turbulent history accompany with the milestones in surgical intervention, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In the past decade, however, metastatic cancer still obstinately exists challenging the professional scientist. Beside the major forms of cancer treatment, Diphtheria toxin (DT) which is produced by a pathogenic strain of bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheria to shield themselves against the other dangerous organism, have been researched as a potential candidate to overcome the drawback such as non-specific, non-effect to drug resistant cancer cell and side effects when using chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In the context of suicide gene therapy, the DT expression under controlling of tissue-specific promoter will be targeted in cancer cell but defect in normal cell. The molecular mechanism, characteristic of DT-bases therapy and prominent achievements of preclinical and clinical studies for the past decade are summarized and discussed in this review.
2.
2012.09
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Angelman syndrome (AS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intellectual disability and autism. The genetic cause is the absence of UBE3A, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, from the maternal chromosome which can arise from multiple origins. Recently discovered targets of Ube3a are important for activity dependent changes in synaptic transmission and spine morphology. Plasticity studies in an AS mouse model is important for basic plasticity research with regard to understanding protein homeostasis as well as the search for therapeutic targets for the patients. The progress on synaptic plasticity from this unique disorder is reviewed.
3.
2012.09
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This study attempts to propose the possibility of the sex reversal in Tegillarca granosa and Ruditapes philippinarum by confirming the changes in the sex ratio with the shell length (SL) in the same population level. For analysis of sex ratio with SL, 1500 individuals of T. granosa (SL 10.1-45.0 mm) and 712 individuals of R. philippinarum (SL 15.1-70.0 mm) were used. Sex was analyzed histologically. The average sex ratios (F:M) of T. granosa and R. philippinarum were 1:1.22 and 1:0.96, respectively. However, sex ratio was found to differ when the clams were divided into groups according to SL in 5.0 mm intervals. Both species displayed the tendency of increase in the proportion of female with increase in SL. In this study, changes in the sex ratio in accordance with the growth of T. granosa and R. philippinarum are determined to be indirect evidence that signifies their sex reversal.
4.
2012.09
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For the gonadal sex management of younger longtooth grouper (Epinephelus bruneus), this work investigated the timing and histological process of ovary differentiation and oocyte development of longtooth grouper larvae and juvenile. Specimens (from 1 to 365 DAH) were collected for gonadal histological study from June 2008 to August 2009. Rearing water temperature was ranged from 20 to . The primordial germ cells could be observed from 10 to 15 DAH, while undifferentiated gonad occurs from 20 to 50 DAH in longtooth grouper. The initial ovarian phase was 60 to 110 DAH with the formation of ovarian cavity and the increased in size of gonad. The ovarian phase started at 140 DAH with appearance of oogonia. The gonad at 365 DAH appeared to have full of oogonia and primary growth stage oocyte. Formation of ovarian cavity indicates that the ovarian differentiation beginning at 60 DAH in longtooth grouper. The gonads in longtooth grouper differentiated directly into ovaries in all fish examined.
5.
2012.09
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Recently, we reported growth arrest-specific gene 6 (Gas6) as a new maternal effect gene (MEG), that expressed in the oocytes but functioned principally during embryogenesis. Gas6 RNAi-treated oocytes developed to metaphase II (MII) stage but they have affected M-phase promoting factor (MPF) activity and incurred abnormal pronuclear (PN) formation during fertilization. Gas6 is a ligand of TAM family members (Tyro3, Axl and Mertk) of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK). Purpose of the present study was to evaluate the expression of Tyro3, Axl and Mertk transcripts in oocytes and early embryos. Expression of Gas6 and Mertk mRNA was detectable in oocytes and follicular cells, while Tyro3 and Axl mRNA was expressed only in follicular cells. Expression of Mertk mRNA was relatively constant during oocytes maturation and embryogenesis, but the other receptors, Tyro3 and Axl, were not expressed in oocytes and PN stage of embryos at all. Knockdown of Mertk mRNA and protein by using sequence-specific Mertk double strand RNA (dsRNA) did not affect oocytes maturation. In this case, however, contrary to the ligand Gas6 RNA interference (RNAi), MPF activity had not been changed by Mertk RNAi. Therefore, we concluded that the Gas6-Mertk signaling is not directly related to the oocyte maturation. It is still required to study further regarding the function of Mertk as the receptor of Gas6 during preimplantational early embryogenesis.
6.
2012.09
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The ovarian cycle, the biological minimum size, and artificial spawning frequency by artificial spawning induction of the female hard clam, Meretrix petechialis, were investigated by histological observations and morphometric data. The ovarian cycle of this species can be classified into five successive stages: early active stage, late active stage, ripe stage, partially spawned stage, and spent/inactive stage. The spawning period was from June to September, and the main spawning occurred between July and August when the seawater temperature exceeds over . The biological minimum size (shell length at 50% of first sexual maturity) in females were 40.39 mm in shell length (considered to be two years of age), and all clams over 50.1 mm in shell length sexually matured. In this study, the mean number of the spawned eggs by spawning induction increased with the increase of size (shell length) classes. In case of artificial spawning induction for the clams > 40.39 mm, the number of spawned eggs from the clams of a sized class was gradually decreased with the increase of the number of the spawning frequencies (the first, second, and third spawning). In the experiments of artificial spawning induction during the spawning season, the interval of each spawning of this species was estimated to be 15-18 days (approximately 17 days).
7.
2012.09
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It is suggested that carbohydrate metabolites may involve in the development of morula to blastocyst but many of the mechanisms are not unmasked. Two-cell stage embryos were collected and examined the effects of lactate on the development of blastocyst in vitro. The expression profiles of lactate dehydrognase (Ldh) genes and aquaporin (Aqp) genes were analyzed with RT-PCR. The successful development from morula to blastocyst was dependent on lactate concentrations. The expression profiles of Ldh genes were changed by the lactate concentration. Ldha was expressed in morula stage at 10 mM lactate, and in blastocyst stage at lactate free condition. Ldhb was expressed in morula stage at 10 mM and 20 mM lactate, and in blastocyst stage at 10 mM lactate. Aqp genes were also showed different expression patterns by the lactate concentrations. Aqp3 was expressed in hatching embryo at 120 hr post hCG administration (hph) which was cultured in BWW medium and lactate free condition. Aqp7 was expressed in hatching embryos at 120 hph which was cultured at 10 mM lactate condition. Also Aqp8 was expressed in hatching embryo at BWW and 20 mM lactate condition. Aqp9 was expressed in morula at BWW and 10 mM lactate condition, and in blastocyst at BWW. Based on these results, it is suggested that concentration of lactate in the medium and the level of lactate synthesis in embryo is critical factor for blastocoels formation. In addition it is suggested that LDH may involve the AQPs expression in embryos
8.
2012.09
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Circadian timing system plays a major role in a wide range of reproductive function. However it is plausible idea that other environmental and/or internal cue might be simultaneously participated in the optimal regulation of reproductive system. In the present study we extended the reverse feeding (RF) time regimen up to 8 weeks, then measured the general and reproductive indices of the animals. The animals of ad libitum feeding group (Control, CON) have free access to food for 4, 6 and 8 weeks, respectively. The day feeding animals (reverse feeding, RF group) have restricted access to food during daytime (09:00-18:00) for 4, 6 and 8 weeks, respectively. When the feeding schedules were over, key indices were measured. After 4 weeks and 8 weeks of feeding, body weights of animals were not significantly different. However, body weights of 6 weeks RF animals were significantly smaller than those of control animals (CON : RF = g : g, p<0.01). The blood glucose levels of 4 weeks RF animals were significantly decreased compared to the levels of control animals (CON : RF = mg/dL : mg/dL, p<0.01) while the levels of 6 weeks RF and 8 weeks RF animals were not different form those of control animals. Reproductive and non-reproductive tissue weights from 6 weeks RF group were significantly lowered than those from CON group (testis, CON : RF = g : g, p<0.001; epididymis, CON : RF = g : g, p<0.001; seminal vesicle, CON : RF = g : g, p<0.001; prostate, CON : RF = g : g, p<0.01). After 4 weeks and 8 weeks of reverse feeding, sperm counts in RF animals were markedly reduced than those in control animals[CON 4W : RF 4W = : , p<0.001; CON 8W : RF 8W= : , p<0.001]. Present study indicates that RF may induce an adaptable metabolic stress and cause impairment of androgen-dependent reproductive tissues. On-going longitudinal studies will allow a better understanding of the how does mealtime shift affect the reproductive function and exact nature of adaptation.
