This study was carried out to compare the physicochemical characteristics of vinegars fermented from cereal crops such as glutinous and nonglutinous foxtail millet, proso millet, sorghum and adlay, and Incalgyun. The crude protein, minerals and P2O5 contents of vinegars fermented from cereal crops and Incalgyun were higher than circulation brown rice vinegar. Brix degree, turbidity and pH of vinegar fermented from cereal crops and Incalgyun were higher, and total acidity was lower than circulation brown rice vinegar. The glucose content of circulation brown rice vinegar was 4.89 mg/mL, and vinegars fermented from cereal crops were 0.00-5.62 mg/mL. The total organic acid content of circulation brown rice vinegar was 41.92 mg/mL, and vinegars fermented from cereal crops were 12.14-42.31 mg/mL. The major organic acids were acetic acid, succinic acid and citric acid. The total polyphenol content of circulation brown rice vinegar was 0.023 mg/mL, vinegars fermented from cereal crops were 0.286-0.413 mg/mL, and vinegars fermented from cereal crops and Incalgyun were 0.266-0.396 mg/mL. The ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities of vinegars fermented from cereal crops were higher than circulation brown rice vinegar.

Pearling, an important primary process on food barley utilization, refers to the gradual removal of grain tissues starting from the outer grain tissues/layers, bran, and germ. The removal of barley bran through pearling yields a bright white kernel that is ideal for various food applications. The removed grain layers are usually sold as feed. However, its use for producing various innovative food products such as high-fiber functional pasta. Here we investigated composition of pearled barley. Barley grains from two hull-less varieties, Saechalssal and Hinchalssal, were pearled to various degrees(10-60%). The composition (protein, β-glucan, fat, ash, total phenol and proanthocyanidin) of pearled barley fractions flour(PF) was determined. Protein, fat, ash, total phenol and proanthocyanidin content was decreased in PF according to increasing pearling degree. Hunter L value and whiteness was increased. β-glucan content also was increased from 3.35, 2.73% to 8.9, 9.3% in Sachalssal and Hinchlssal individually. PF of Sachalssal and Hinchalssal showed different content in all components. Protein content was the highest in 90～80% flour fraction. Total phenol, proanthocyanidin and crude fat content was the highest in outer grain layer, bran(100～90% fraction) than other fractions.

Crude protein is about 40% in soybean seed, and oil extracted from soybean seeds is one of the major vegetable oils. Also soybean oil is a good source of essential fatty acids, and sugars in soybean seed is composed of water-soluble saccharides, and most of them are oligosaccharide namely sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose. Although the production of soybean decreased in Korea, the consumption of soybean increased in recent time because soybean is well known as a well-being and healthy food. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to know the variation of crude protein, crude oil, fatty acids, and sugar contents in Korean domestic black soybean cultivars grown at different latitudinal locations, Suwon (37°16'N) and Milyang (35°30'N). In most black soybean cultivars, oleic acid content was higher, while linoleic acid, or linolenic acid contents were lower at higher latitudinal Suwon compared to lower latitudinal Milyang. Sucrose content in Geomjeongkong # 3, raffinose contents in Gemjeongkongkong # 3, # 4, Ilpumgeomjeongkong, and Cheongjakong, and stachyose content in Gemjeongkong # 1 grown at lower latitudinal Milyang was higher compared to higher latitudinal Suwon. The variations of crude protein, crude oil and fatty acids contents seemed to be affected by genotype than growing locations according to different latitude as they did not show the significant interaction between cultivars and locations. In contrast, the variations of glucose, sucrose, and stachyose contents maybe affected by environmental condition as different latitude than the genotype because they showed the significant interaction between cultivars and locations.

Anthocyanin pigments in black soybean seed coat have been known as including biological activities, which are antitumor, antioxdant and antivirus. Also in soybean, isoflavone have been reported as health-promoting benefits, which are antiestrogen, antioxidant, antitumoral activities and preventing cardiovascular diseases and osteoporosis. The consumption of soybean increased in Korea because of the importance of its functional characteristics of the anthocyanin and isoflavone. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to investigate the variation of anthocyanin, and isoflavone contents in Korean domestic black soybean cultivars grown at different latitudinal locations, Suwon (37°16'N) and Milyang (35°30'N). D3G, C3G, and total anthocyanins in Geomjeongkong # 3, C3G, and total anthocyanins in Ilpumgeomjeongkong grown at higher latitudinal Suwon were higher compared to lower latitudinal Milyang. Daidzein, glycitein, genistein, and total isoflavone contents in Gemjeongkong # 4 were highest among the seven cultivars. Daidzein contents in Gemjeongkong # 3, Milyang # 112, and Milyang # 113 grown at higher latitudinal Suwon were higher compared to lower latitudinal Milyang. Glycitein contents in Gemjeongkong # 3, and # 4 grown at higher latitudinal Suwon were higher Milyang while that in Milyang # 113 grown at lower latitudinal Milyang was higher compared to higher latitudinal Suwon. Genistein contents in most black soybean cultivars except Milyang # 113, and total isoflavone contents in Gemjeongkong # 4 and Cheongjakong grown at lower latitudinal Milyang were higher compared to higher latitudinal Suwon. The variations of anthocyanin except Pt3G and isoflavone contents seemed to be affected by environmental conditions like different latitude than the genotype because they showed the significant interaction between cultivars and locations.

Recent interest in green tea polyphenols has increased owing to their antioxidant activities and their possible role in the prevention of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Typically, 93% compounds of total polyphenols in green tea leaves, many of which are called catechins, are flavonoids. The major tea catechins are a mixture of epicatechin isomers, including (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG), and (-)-epicatechin (EC). Separation of green tea catechins is generally carried out by HPLC-UVD. UV detector is a suitable detector for quantification this class of molecules and allows high sensitivity level for polyunsaturated species. However, UV detection does not discriminate different compounds having similar chromophore groups. More detailed structural information can be collected when a mass spectrometer is coupled with a UV-DAD. MSD is a powerful tool for qualitative analysis to identify and confirm molecular structures of unknown compounds, and it is particularly useful for quantitative analysis, owing to its high sensitivity and selectivity. This study describes the application of HPLC-DAD/MS methods for the rapid and routine analysis of 9 catechins in green tea leaves. Green tea extracts were injected directly onto a reversed phase HPLC column. Compounds, identified on the basis of their absorbance and MS spectrum, included gallic acid, (-)-epicatechin, and their various gallate derivatives. HPLC/MS detection was found to be more sensitive than UV-DAD, and MSD showed good precisions for quantification of catechins.

Barley is a good source of dietary fiber, β-glucan, which confer a number of human health benefits. The properties of a white wheat bread could be changed by adding regular and waxy barley flour in small amounts to a white wheat bread recipe. The objectives were to replace wheat flour with different levels of regular and waxy barley flour, and to examine their effects on bread qualities. Barley grains, Sassal(SS) as regular andSachalssal(SCS) as waxy cultivars, were ground usinga hammer mill equipped with 0.8 mm screen. A commercial bread wheat flour (WF) was used as a base flour. The blends with three levels (10, 20, 30%) of barley flour substitution were prepared, and the baking process was followed by the AACC official 10-10A. When barley flour substitution increased, beta-glucan was significantly increased: the highest beta-glucan in the waxy barley flour blends (0.1% in WF, 1.91% in 30% SCS). While WF bread had the highest loaf volume, substituting 20% SS did not statistically (p<0.05) affect the loaf volume, however a significantly lower loaf volume at 30% barley flour. On the other hand, the loaf volume of SCS breads lowered significantly by substitution statistically. The hardness and chewiness increased by replacing barley flour from 10 to 30% progressively: a remarkable increase in adhesiveness at 30% SCS bread. From the results, substitution of 10% barley flour regardless of regular and waxy did not affect bread volume and firmness, being suitable to use 20% SS barley flour without a significant change in loaf volume. From the nutritional point of view, substituting barley flour up to 20% would be an effective way to increase the dietary fiber on white wheat based breads.

Measurement of amylose content is commonly employed as the predictor of rice quality. Amylose is usually measured by absorbance of the amylose-iodine complex by a variety of ways. However, the effort to standardize the way amylose is measured is still working through the world of rice research. For comparing rice amylose analysis methods in Korea and Japan, major japonica rice-producing countries, rice samples with different amylose contents were selected. The rice samples were harvested, dried and milled at the National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration in Suwon, Republic of Korea. Amylose contents (AC) were analyzed using Concanavalin A method and modified Juliano methods, as representative methods in Korea and Japan, respectively. The AC of rice starch by Concanavalin A method were ranged 9.4～28.8%, on the other hand, the AC of rice flour by modified Juliano method had a wider range AC, 8.7～41.8%; for example, AC of semi-waxy varieties had lower values and AC of high amylose varieties had higher values in modified Juliano methods, even more than 10%. High correlation coefficients between retrogradation (or gelatinization) and AC using Concanavalin A would indicate that the Concanavalin A method could be more explanatory for evaluating rice quality like gelatinization and retrogradation.

취반용 수수쌀의 적정 도정율 구명을 위하여 시험용 연삭식 도정기에서의 도정정도에 따른 수수의 이화학적 특성과 취반특성이 조사되었다. 수수의 도정도를 높일수록 피해립 등이 우선적으로 싸라기로 되면서 싸라기 비율이 증가된 반면에, 완전립율은 도감율 30%대까지도 90%이상을 유지하였고, 피해립 비율은 도감율 25% 수준까지 도정도에 따라 상대적으로 변화폭이 크게 나타나다가 이후 둔화되는 양상을 보였다. 수수쌀의 외관 은 도정율이 높아질수록 거칠고 조잡하였다. 도정율 74%대 이하로 도정한 경우 수수쌀 외관은 매우 고와졌으 나, 안토시안계 색소가 대부분 제거되면서 폴리페놀릭 화합물 함량이 급격히 떨어졌다. 수수쌀의 천립중, 회분함 량, 조섬유함량은 도감율 25%대까지 급격히 감소하다 이후 둔화되는 경향을 보였고, 백도는 도정도에 비례해 서 도감율 30%대까지 직선적으로 증가하였으며, 조단백질함량과 조지방함량은 도감율에 비례해서 직선적으 로 감소하였다. 도정도에 따른 아미노산 조성에서 도정율 82%대에서 75%대까지 변이는 크지 않았고, 지방산 조성에서는 도정율이 낮을수록 C16:0과 C18:1이 증가하고, C18:0, C18:2, C18:3 지방산은 감소하는 경향을 보였는데, C18:3 지방산의 함량의 감소로 75%대 이하로 도정할 경우 저장성이 향상될 수 있을 것으로 생각되었다. 수수쌀의 취반특성에서 도정율 75%대까지 도감율 증가에 따라 가열흡수율과 팽창율의 증가폭이 크게 유지되다가 이후 둔화되는 경향을 보였고, 도정율 81%이상의 경우 일반 쌀과 혼반할 경우 덜 퍼질 우려가 높았다. 이상을 종합해보면, 취반용 수수쌀의 적정 도정율은 75～77%대로 여겨지면, 등숙 상태가 좋을수록 도정율을 높게 하고, 불량할수록 도정율을 낮게 할 필요가 있었다

In this study, we examined the variation of 30 phenolic compounds in the mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) germplasms. Recent studies showed that the potential health benefits from the antioxidnant activity of the phenolic compounds. The average concentration of phenolic compounds among the 70 mungbean germplasms was 2424.9 μg g-1. Among the mungbean germplasms, 25 kinds of mungbean germplasms were higher than others. Specially, 69 (IT 182280) (3836.63 ㎍ g-1) and 63 (IT 180525) (3491.51 ㎍ g-1) revealed highest levels of the total phenolic compounds. On the other hand, 27 (IT 154078) (1624 ㎍ g-1) was revealed lowest concentration of the total phenolic compounds. Among the individual phenolic compounds, rutin (avg. 1776.09 ㎍ g-1) showed highest concentrations, pyrogallol (144.31 ㎍ g-1), gentisic acid (119.19 ㎍ g-1) and chlorogenic acid (78.24 ㎍ g-1) were relatively higher than other phenolic compounds. The germplasm of 69 (IT 182280) had the highest rutin (3156.87 ㎍ g-1) concentraion. While, the biochanin A (avg. 2.02 ㎍ g-1) and formonetin (avg. 2.61 ㎍ g-1) had the lowest levels among the mungbean germplasms. This study indicateded that determination of the functional substances in mungbean germplasms and it is more valuable for the future crop cultivation and food industries.

최근 홍삼을 이용한 물추출물의 추출조건에 따른 ginsenoside 함량 및 기타 성분 함량 변화에 대한 연구가 많이 이루어지고 있다. 홍삼을 이용하여 물로 75℃, 85℃, 95℃ 조건으로 추출하였을 때 최고 ginsenoside 함량 은 75℃ 12시간에서 18시간 사이로 연구된바 있다. 홍삼의 ginsenoside 함량은 주근, 지근, 세근 부위별로 다르 지만 대부분의 연구는 홍삼원형을 그대로 분쇄하여 추출하거나 홍미삼을 첨가 추출하여 분석되어지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 75℃ 조건에서 홍삼의 주근, 지근, 세근 부위별 물추출 시간에 따른 사포닌 함량 변화를 조사 하였다. 홍삼의 주근과 지근은 0.5∼1cm, 세근은 2cm 내외로 잘라 주근, 지근, 세근을 각각 1kg을 정량하 여 면 주머니에 넣은 다음 20ℓ의 생수가 들어있는 인삼 추출기(용남산업 50ℓ용)에 넣고 75℃로 가열하면서 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21시간 별로 500ml의 추출액을 채취하였다. Total ginsenoside 함량은 점차 증가하여 21시간 에서 23.04mg/100ml로 최고 함량을 나타내었으며 그 이후에는 감소하였다. 지근은 18시간에서 65.68mg/100ml, 세근은 12시간에서 295.92mg/ml로 최고 함량을 나타내었으며, 그 이후에는 감소하였다. 인삼류 제품의 기능성 분 기준이 되는 ginsenoside Rb1과 Rg1 함량의 합은 주근, 세근은 18시간 5.76mg/100ml, 120.90mg/100ml, 지근 15시간 28.39mg/100ml으로 최고 함량을 나타내었다. 홍삼의 주근, 지근, 세근 부위별 물추출액의 ginsenosdie 함량은 세근, 지근, 주근 순으로 높게 나타났으며, 각각 ginsenoside 최고 함량을 나타내는 추출 시간이 다르므 로 주근, 지근, 세근의 함량과 부위별 첨가 시간을 달리하면 Total ginsenoside 함량이 높은 추출물을 얻을 수 있을 것이다.

Buckwheat sprouts are a vegetable which provides health benefit with their nutritionally important substances. Buckwheat has been considered as preventive medicine in the last decade. The present study was focused on the reference maps common (Fagopyrum esculentum Möench.) and tatary(Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.) buckwheat leaf and stem cultured in light and dark condition. Proteins were extracted from 7-day germinated buckwheat sprout sand separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE) with isoelectro focusing gel over pH3 to 10. A total of more than 1520 protein spots were revealed on 2-DE gel, in which 165 proteins were identified in the basis of peptide mass fingerprinting. Functional category analysis indicated that these differentially expressed proteins mainly involved in cellular process, defense responsive, energy production, metabolism, photosynthesis, DNA recombination, DNA replication, seed storage, signal transduction, stress responsive, transcription, translation, and energy transport proteins. The pattern at protein level suggested the important roles for energy and protein metabolism-related proteins in growing sprouts under dark and light condition, accompanied by the activated of the stress responsive and growth condition. The proteomic profiling of common and tatary buckwheat will give insight for understanding buckwheat physiology and application to buckwheat industry.

Comparison of the distribution and utilization of free amino acids in buckwheat is required of understanding the amino acid metabolism. The buckwheat sprouts contained the most abundant amino acid Val (40%) followed by Tyr (28%) in common buckwheat (CB), whereas Val was the most predominant amino acid in tatary buckwheat (TB), accounting for 62%. The buckwheat stem and root contained commonly Gln (40~42% in stem; 30~37% in root). Thus, soluble amino nitrogen source is used for Gln in buckwheat. The main difference of amino acid distribution in three tissues between CB and TB was Tyr in sprouts. Low level of Tyr in TB is presumably resulted from the conversion to other phenolic metabolites. The content of essential free amino acids in TB sprout was 53% higher than that in CB. Thus, the TB sprouts are benefit to the human nutrition. The basic study of amino acids gives a clear evidence for different interconversion and metabolism of amino acids in two buckwheat species.

Wheat-rye translocation lines were developed to produce a main crop resistant to biological and physical stress. 'Chaupon' rye contains 2RL chromatin to harbor resistance genes for powdery mildew and leaf rust. In order to identify chromosome 2RL-derived rye proteins and 2RL-perturbed proteins in wheat-rye translocation lines, the gel-based proteomics was employed with 'Coker797' (non-2RL), 'Hamlet' (2RL) and 'near-isogenic line' (stabilized 2RL). The leaf proteome was resolved on 2D-gel, resulting in 216 spots in a final selection. A total of 90 proteins were identified with the identification success rate of 42%. The identified proteins were classified by functional annotation: metabolism (64%), cellular process (5%), translation (2%), regulatory function (1%) and hypothetical (28%). The proteins belonged to metabolism were subdivided into carbohydrate metabolism (36%), energy metabolism (35%), metabolism of lipid, amino acid, other amino acid and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites (each 6%) and others (5%). A total of 53 proteins were differentially expressed, in which β-glucosidase, in particular, originated from the chromosome 2RL of rye, was exclusively appeared in NIL. In addition, small Ras-related GTP binding-protein assigned to wheat was predominantly found in 2RL rye chromatin-possessing NIL. These results suggest that the acquired genetic traits obtained from rye 2RL enhance the resistance to biotic and abiotic stress in wheat-rye translocation lines by altered the proteome expression. In leaf metabolome analysis, 11 predominant metabolites containing trans-aconitate, glutamate, and betaine were identified by 1H-NMR-based metabolite fingerprinting. The overall metabolites pattern of NIH appears to be closer to Coker797 rather than Hamlet. Thus, the metabolic phenotype of NIL was not so much lineated from Hamlet contrast to proteomic phenotyping.

Buckwheat sprout is used as vegetable, and also flour for making noodles, and so on. Currently, information about tissue culture in buckwheat is limited and restricted to micropropagation. We carried out somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration using hypocotyl segments as explant of the cultivated buckwheat species Fagopyrum esculentum, differs from existing studies in the growth regulator combinations used. Maximum callus regeneration was induced on MS medium containing 2,4-D(2.0 mg/L) and benzylaminopurine BAP (1.0 mg/L) and 3% sucrose. Friable callus was transferred to solidified MS media containing BAP (1.0 mg/L) and at various concentrations for the induction of embryogensis. The optimum concentrations of additives were IAA (2 mg/L), KIN(1.0 mg/L), BAP (1.0 mg/L), and 3% (w/v) sucrose. Only 2,4-D did not show any significant effect on callus induction or embryogenesis. Regeneration of embryonic callus varied from 5 % to 20%. Whole plants were obtained at high frequencies when the embryogenic calluses with somatic embryos and organized shoot primordia were transferred to MS media with 3% sucrose. Regenerated plants after acclimation will transfer to green house. The main objective of this research was to develop a efficient protocol for plant regeneration for common buckwheat, and to apply in future for genetic transformation.

This studies was carried out to assess antioxidant activity between flavonoid compounds (rutin, qurcetin, luteolin) and maysin(2''-O-6-C-(6-deoxy-xylo-hexose-4ulosyl)luteolin) isolated from corn silks of Zea mays L. Maysin extracted by corn silks was the highest free radical scavenging among flavonoid compounds such as rutin, qurcetin, and luteolin. But, the other flavonoid compounds(luteolin) showed the strongest free radical scanverning activity. In the results of peroxidase activity(POD), maysin don't indicated the remarkable peroxidase inhibiton activities. At the lowest concentration, NBT(Nitro blue tetrazolium) reduction activity of rutin, qurcetin, and luteolin were the low inhibition activities but maysin showed the highest Nitro blue tetrazolium reduction activity. Lipid peroxidase inhibition activities using Thiobarbituric acid(TBA) method, maysin showed the highest lipid peroxidase inhibition in three concentration levels..

Cereal grains are sort of crops like barley, sorghum, millet, oats, rye and many others. Research of other scientists were shown that whole grain consumption helps lower the risk of cardiovascular disease, ischemic stroke and gastrointestinal cancers. They are rich source of carbohydrates, protein, fats and oils, and have many health-promoting components such as vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals, which include phenolic compounds. This research was conducted quantitative analysis about phenolic compounds in 15 lines of cereals by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Samples are 5 of Sorghum bicolor Moench, 5 of Setaria italica, 5 of Panicum miliaceum L. they are harvested from Kyungbook-bongwha in 2009. The phenolic compounds contents of Moktak-sorghum (1187.298㎍/g), Hwanggeumchal-sorghum(897.7417㎍/g) and Hwanggeum-sorghum(762.8306㎍/g) are the highst, those have dark color between Sorghum bicolor Moench. Analysis Among the contents of Sorghum bicolor Moench (+)Catechin(avg. 139.95㎍/g) and Benzoic acid(avg.116.695㎍/g) were higher contents than others. Myricetin(avg.46.15㎍/g) and Quercetin(avg. 47.4368㎍/g) were many contents in Steria italica. Chlorogenic acid(avg. 46.258㎍/g) and Quercetin(avg. 43.0496㎍/g) were many contents in Panicum miliaceum L. The result of this experiment is considered to be the basic data of the functional food manufacturing by utilizing domestic cereal grains.

인삼의 약리적 효능은 동양뿐만 아니라 서양에서도 널리 알려져, 강장제 또는 건강 기능성 식품 및 대체의약 의 herbal therapy로서 널리 이용되어 해마다 그 수요가 증대되고 있고 특히, 최근에 들어 고기능성 웰빙 식품 을 선호하는 소비자가 많아 인삼 가공제품의 소비가 날로 증가하고 있다. 그러나 지금까지 가공제품 연구는 일반적으로 증숙을 통한 홍삼, 흑삼, 태극삼 등의 성분변화에 집중되어 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 가공방법 중 하나인 로스팅 과정을 통해 인삼의 기능성 성분인 ginsenoside 변화 패턴을 확인하고, 적합한 로스팅 조건을 확인하고자 한다. 부산대학교 부속농장에서 채취한 6년근 인삼을 건조한 후 주근을 균일한 크기(1.5cm × 1.5cm)로 절단하여 시간은 20분으로 고정하고 온도를 변수로 5구간(110, 135, 160, 185, 210℃)의 조건을 설계하여 시료를 채취, HPLC를 이용하여 인삼 ginsenoside 12종의 변화를 검토하였다. 사포닌 분석은 식약청의 ginsenoside 분석법에 준하여 분석하였다. 실험 결과, 총 ginsenoside 함량은 로스팅 처리구가 무처리 구에 비하여 대체로 높은 경향이었으며, 로스팅 온도가 증가함에 따라 총 ginsenoside 함량이 서서히 증가하는 경향을 나타냈고, 210℃에서는 급격히 감소하였다. 특히, Rg2, Rg3, Rh1, Rh2는 온도가 높을수록 증가하는 경향이었으나, Rg2와 Rg3는 고온(210℃)에서는 감소하는 경향을 보였다.

Gangjeong is a Korea traditional sweet cookie. Since long ago, Koreans have made Gangjeong at home whenever they have a feast such as a wedding or an ancestral rite. Gangjeong is made of rice or brown rice, honey, and oil, and has many sizies and shapes. They soak the fried pieces of Gangjeong in malt syrup, and produce different colored cookies by covering them with flour made from sesame, beans, pine nuts, pine pollen or grains of boiled rice dyed various colors. Recently, types of Gangieong has varied as the well-being trends. This experiment was conducted to examine the concentration of phenolic compounds the 24 types of Gangjeong finished goods and raw material. The total average concentration of phenolic compounds was 2340.66㎍/g and the most and the least were detected in cinnamon powder(21143.10㎍/g) and rice(49.40㎍/g), respectively. Cinnamon, green-tea powder and others had the highest content of phenolic compounds in the raw materisls. And the finished gangjeong, rice plus curry products exhibited the highest content of total phenolic compounds(1221.60㎍/g). Among the individual phenolic compounds, benzoic acid showed the highest (379.24㎍/g) concentration and sallicylic acid was the lowest (0.34㎍/g) consitutent.

Phenolic compounds are naturally occurring secondary metabolites from various plants. These compounds play important roles in plant such as antioxident, antibacterial and anticancer effects. The purpose of this research was to analyze the phenolic compounds contents in Kenaf leaf and stem using High Performance Liquid Chromatograpy. Kenaf is widely distributed throughout the country and third largest fiber crop. Recently, interest in this crop is growing. But, there is little research on their functional material. The obtained results showed that phenolic compounds were significantly various among the examined cultivars of Kenaf. Especially, phenolic compounds contents of leaf were higher than those of stem. The highest concentration of phenolic compounds was in the E41 leaf(24358.99㎍/g) and the lowest concentration was in the Kenaf (in korea) stem(988.21㎍/g). The results of this experiment showed that its contents were different in leaf and stem. These results suggested that Kenaf can be used for functional plant.

인삼은 보통 4-6년간 재배한 수삼을 그대로 소비하거나 또는 가공하여 다양한 제품으로 생산하여 시중에 유통하고 있다. 인삼의 주된 약리적 효능을 나타내는 ginsenoside는 가공방법에 따라 성분함량 차이가 크게 달라지는 양상을 보이고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 동일한 조건에서 재배한 수삼을 연근별로 홍삼, 태극삼, 피부직삼으로 가공하여 ginsenoside의 변화를 조사하였다. 사포닌분석은 식약청의 ginsenoside 분석법에 준하 여 분석하였고, HPLC는 Perkin Elmer Series200을 이용하였으면, Column은 ODS Column(C18)을 사용하였다. 검출기는 UV Detector를 203nm에서 분석하고 이동상 용매는 Water, ACN(B&J, USA)을 사용하였다. 가공인삼 에 따른 ginsenoside 12종을 분석 결과, 총사포닌은 5년근의 피부직삼이 가장 높았고 홍삼, 태극삼 순이었다. Rb1은 5년근 피부직삼에서, Rg1은 5년근 홍삼에서 높은 경향이었고, Rg3와 Rh2는 6년근 홍삼에서 가장 높았 다. 또한, Re는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았고 Extract contents는 4년근 태극삼에서 높은 경향을 보였고, Crued saponin contents는 5년근 피부직삼에서 높은 경향이 있었다.