(hfac)Cu(I)L구리 1가 전구체의 경우 L의 종류에 따라 여러 화합물이 존재하며 L이 전구체의 특성 및 증착에 미치는 영향을 규명하였다. 이때 중성리간드는 ATMS(allytrimethylsilane), VTMS(vinyltri-methylsilane), VCH(vinylcyclohexane), MP (4-methyl-1-pentene), ACP(allylcyclopentane), DMB (3,3-dimethyl-1-butene) 등의 alkene류이었다 hfacCu(I)L 전구체는 TG-DSC 분석에서 관찰된 Cu(I)-L 분해 온도가 낮으면 100˚C 이하의 저온 증착이 가능하였고 저온에서 낮은 박막 비저항 값을 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 이 분해온도가 높은 전구체 일수록 열적으로 안정함을 일정 시간 가열평가를 통해 알 수 있었다. 약 125~175˚C 증착온도에서는 중성리간드의 종류에 무관하게 증착된 구리 박막의 비저항값이 거의 비슷하였고 약 226˚C 이상의 증착온도에서는 박막의 비저항이 중성리간드의 분자량의 크기에 비례하여 증가하였다. 전구체의 증기압은 중성리간드의 끓는점과 가장 밀접한 관계가 있으며 중성리간드의 끓는점이 낮으면 낮을수록 증기압은 높았다.
The germination test was used to detect biological changes in irradiated rice and glutenous rice at low doses. Grains were irradiated at below 0.5 kGy, husked and placed on distilled water moistend filter paper in a covered petri-dish. A germination test of 20 grains was carried out at room temperature for 5 days. The shoots and roots of non-irradiated rites grew well in comparison with those of irradiated rites above 0.3 kGy. The roots of rites were more sensitive to irradiation than the shoots, and the growth of roots was significantly decreased with the increasing doses. In glutinous rites, the growth of shoots and roots was retarded by irradiation at 0.2 kGy or more after 3rd days. We concluded that if the shoot or root length is 10 mm or longer within 5 day, the rites and glutinous rites are identified as non-irradiated.
본 논문에서는 현행 표준적인 P.S.C거더 교량의 적정 가로보 수를 위한 매개변수 연구를 수행하였다. 교량의 길이는 P.S.C거더교로서 국내에서 가장 흔히 사용되는 30m의 단순교를 채택하였다. 교량의 해석방법으로는 상부의 슬래브와 거더를 효율적으로 모델링하기 위하여 정밀해석법인 유한요소법을 사용하였다. 본 연구에서 사용된 매개변수로는 크게 두 가지로 분류되는데, 하나는 사용된 가로보의 개수이고 다른 하나는 교량의 사각(Skew)이다. 상부 슬래브는 쉘 요소와 빔 요소를 연결하는데 효율적인 회전자유도를 가지는 쉘 요소로 모델링 하였다. 슬래브와 거더의 중심축이 이격되어 있는 문제를 정확히 고려하기 위하여 편심보 요소를 사용하였다. 해석 모델은 가로보가 각각 7,5,3개 있는 경우를 선정하였다. 이러한 조건하에서 정적 해석을 수행하여 최대 휨모멘트, 전단력, 비틀림 모멘트값을 구하여 현행 시방서에서 규정된 극한치를 만족하는지 검토하였다. 검토결과 현재 사용되고 있는 P.S.C거더 교량에서의 가로보 개수는 과다한 것으로 판단되며 경제적인 설계를 위하여 가로보의 개수를 줄일 수 있을 것으로 제안하였다.
ISO 9000 has brought about significant positive effects to the quality management system and quality improvement. This paper develops effective and flexible ISO 9000 quality system based on telecommunication manufactured goods with CSU(Channel Service Unit), ADSL(Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line), Fiber Optic Multiplexer, HDSL(High-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line), FDSU(Flexible Data Service Unit), 73 DSU(Digital Service Unit). The case studies of venture telecommunication corporation in establishing ISO 9000 qualify system are also discussed.
삽주(.Atractylodes japonica Koidzumi)의 약명인 창출(蒼朮)과 백출(白朮)로 휘발성 향기성분을 조사하기 위하여 n-pentane/diethyl ether용매로 사용하여 SDE방법으로 정유성분을 분리한 다음 GC/MS를 이용하여 성분을 확인하였다. 백출에서 30종 그리고 창출에서 28종류의 휘발성 향기성분을 확인하였으며 백출의 향기성분을 관능기별로 보면 hydrocarbons 18종, carbonyls 2종, alcohols 5종, esters 5종이고, 창출은 hydrocarbons 14종, carbonyls 6종, alcohols 4종, esters 3종, acids 3종으로 각각 조사되었고, 백출 및 창출의 주요 향기성분으로서는 furanodiene 성분이 각각 27.9%, 15.7%, α-cyperone 성분이 8.1%, 22.5% alloaromadendrene 성분이 2.9%, 4.7% (1, 1-biphenyl)-4-carbox aldehyde 성분은 창출에서만 8.7%로 확인되었다. 백출에서 limonene. p-cymene, p-cymen-8-ol, (1, 1-biphenyl) -4-carbox aldehyde 등을 포함한 10종의 성분이 확인된 반면에 창출에서는 확인되지 않았고, 반면에 창출에서 α-copaene. isocaryophyllene, β-himachalene, germacrene B 등을 포함한 8종의 성분이 확인된 반면에 백출에서는 확인되지 않았다.
Purpose : The prescriptions of Dongyisoosebowon (東醫壽世保元) are so different to those of existing Korean medicine(韓醫學). Because Lee Jema (李濟馬, 1837-1900, the author of Dongyisoosebowon) has classified herbal medicines(本草) by the four Sasang constitutions(四象體質). But he has not explained his method in detail. Therefore we make a plan to analyze the herbal medicine of the Dongyisoosebowon prescription by Sung․M i․Guikyung(性․味․歸經), the essential elements of the herbal medicines, to get a idea how Lee Jema has classified the herbal medicines by four Sasang constitutions. Methods : The herbal medicines are chosen from Dongmuyugo(東武遺藁) and Dongyisoosebowon. And they are rearranged by Sung․Mi․Guikyung from Shinnongbonchokyung(神農本草經), Tangaekboncho(湯液本草) Dongyibogam(東醫寶鑑) and Imsangbonchohak(臨床本草學, Clinical Herbology). Result : The herbal medicines classified by Lee Jema have a characteristic trend by their Sung․Mi․Guikyung. In the herbal medicines of Soumin (少陰人), 81.8% of them is characterised in Warm and hot medicine (溫熱藥材) and 68.2% has its action to Bi(脾). In those of Soyangin, 75% of them is characterised in Cool and cold medicine (寒凉藥材) and 60% to Sin(腎), 25.7% to Bangkwnag(膀胱). In those of Taeumin, 63% of them is characterised in Warm and hot medicine, 47.8% in Cool and cold medicine. In all of their classifications, the result of Yakmi(藥味, taste of herbal medicine) analysis is not characteristic. Conclusion : The herbal medicines classified by Lee Jema have a characteristic trend by their Sung․Guikyung.
Serious consequences can arise from lack of hygiene in mass catering. Microbiological testing is of value in determining hazards for developing a HACCP plan, and in demonstrating to food handlers the reality of the microbial risk. This studies was performed to describe the overall hygiene of cooking utensils and equipments, employees, and environment in mass catering establishments. Generally, hygienic conditions of cutting board and sanitized dish cloth were better than those of other cooking utensils such as knife, sieve, and peeler. It was found that the cross-contamination of knife might be caused by the use of contaminated sanitizing solution. It was observed that there was considerable variation (10¹-10^5 CFU) of the number of general bacteria for employee's hands. The number of general bacteria were influenced from establishment, employee, and the period of analysis. The number of Coliform group for employee's hands was in the range of 10²-10⁴ CFU only at the first analysis. Total aerial bacteria in working area of mass catering establishments was below 7 CFU/Plate and aerial Staphylococcus sp. was not detected at all except one spot.
A survey was carried out to investigate relation between life stress and nutrient intake status in female university students. It was represented that increasing trends of food intake under the stress condition and preference taste was sweet and hot in female students. The female students thought that food intake for coping with stress was produced negative results and they perceived the relation between stress and their health problem. There was a positive correlation between stress level and the change of food intake in female students statistically(p〈0.01). They had higher stress in future prospect, academic problem, friend relationship, personality and family relationship. The average calorie intake of female university students was 1553.06kcal(77.65% of RDA). The intake of protein, calcium and iron were quite less than the RDA, whereas the intake of phosphate, vitamin A, B2, C, niacin were more than the RDA. In changes of nutrient intake under the stress conditions, the higher stress group had decreased intake of calcium, iron, vitamin B1, B2, C than the lower stress group(p〈0.05).
우리나라 경제 구조는 대부분의 수익이 반도체등 몇 가지 제품에 한정되어 있으며 이들 제품들은 이미 성숙기에 접어들고 있어 성장성을 기대하기 어려운 실정이다. 따라서 다양화하는 시장 수요에 대응하고, 첨단 기술을 개발하기 위해서는 창조성과 시장 변화에 유연한 벤처 비즈니스가 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 벤처비지니스중 통신산업분야의 품질시스템에 대하여 W사 사례연구를 통한 효율적이고 효과적인 구축방안을 제안하고자 한다. W사 ISO9001 품질시스템 요건 및 업무분장에 따른 문서와 기록을 기초로 CSU, ADSL, 광전송장비, HDSL, FDSU, T3 DSU등의 첨단 통신제품들을 품질시스템 유형별로 자체생산제품, 제휴판매제품, 도입판매제품으로 분류하고, 제품 특성별로 비교 분석하여 제품별 유연한 품질시스템 구축방안을 제시하고자 한다.
A survey was conducted to examine the effect of food irradiation education on college students' knowledge and acceptance of food irradiation. The instrument for the knowledge and acceptance of food irradiation was administered before and after food irradiation education, to 150 students majoring in food and nutrition or food technology in the Chungnam National University. Before the education approximately 93% of the respondents did not know that radioactivity dose not remain in food after irradiation; whereas, after education half of them thought that radioactivity dose not remain in irradiated food. Knowledge about food irradiation has improved through education. The education significantly increased all the mean scores of need for food irradiation and willingness to use irradiated foods for the six food groups (p<0.01). The education significantly decreased the mean scores of concern about the irradiated food for all the six food groups (p<0.01). Although the responses to irradiated foods are, in general, negative or neutral even after education, the mean scores of acceptance of the irradiated foods have improved through education in all the six food groups (p<0.01). In conclusion, this study showed that food irradiation education may positively affect the college students' knowledge and acceptance of food irradiation, and that the development of both the appropriate detection methods to identify irradiated foods and the education programs to enlighten the college students are needed.
A survey was conducted to examine the knowledge and acceptance of food irradiation in order to provide baseline data required in the development of food irradiation education programs for college students. 150 students majoring in food and nutrition or food technology in the Chungnam National University were chosen for a survey. The results are as follows. First, college students' knowledge about food irradiation is scanty. Knowledge assessment showed that 56% of the participants had previously heard of food irradiation. 68% of the respondents thought that radioactivity remains in food after irradiation and 25.3% of them were not sure whether radioactivity remains in food after irradiation or not. Only half of the respondents thought that nutrient loss due to irradiation is equal to or lower than that due to cooking or freezing. Second, approximately 56% of the respondents showed that food irradiation is somewhat or strongly needed for meat or fish; whereas, over 60% of them showed that food irradiation is not needed for grain, vegetable and fruit. Almost 40% of the respondents were seriously concerned about irradiation of vegetables and fruits; whereas, they showed less concern about spice irradiation. More than half of the respondents were not willing to use irradiated food in all the six food groups. Third, the correlation analysis showed that the need of food irradiation is negatively correlated with concerning about the irradiated fish and fruits, but positively correlated with willingness to use irradiated food in all the five food groups, except in spices. Concern about the irradiated food is negatively correlated with willingness to use irradiated food from all the six food groups. Fourth, almost all the respondents (over 90%) agreed that the irradiated food labeling is required as well as the development of proper methods to identify irradiated foods.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between components of population, maternal health, need for health care, maternal lifestyle and environment from a conceptual model for cerebral palsy, and the occurrence of cerebral palsy with spastic quadriplegic.
This study was a case-control design. The subjects consisted of 53 children with quadriplegic cerebral palsy as a case who were receiving treatment after a diagnosis for cerebral palsy at 3 university hospitals and 3 rehabilitation facilities, and 186 children as a control who were visiting well baby clinics and pediatric departments after screening at the same hospitals in Seoul. The data were collected by a structured questionnaire survey from October, 1998 to February, 1999. The odds ratios of risk factor was produced by χ2 and simple logistic analysiss. The unconditional logistic analysis was done by modeling the data, after adjusting for gestational age.
Statistically associated with an increase the risks for spastic quadriplegia were asphyxia(OR=221.89, 95% CI 15.8-999.0) and maternal history of admission during the pregnancy (OR=10.55, 95% CI 2.2-50.4).
The result suggested that the improvement of obstetric and neonatal care is necessary to prevent cerebral palsy with spastic quadriplegia.
PVA blend films were prepared by solution blending method for the purpose of useful antibiotic polymers. Characteristics properties of blending films such as elongation and tensile strength were determined. Tensile strength and elongation were rapidly reduced as increasing the blending ratio of natural polymer. Blend films were found that phase separation was occured as more than 25wt% increasing the blend ratio of chitosan. Also, The antibiotics of blend films were examined against gram(+) and gram(-) by disk susceptibility test. As a result, kind of blending films to show the highest antibiotics was chitosan 20wt% and the selectivity of mold strain was observed.
CEM BIO P.E.필름으로 피복된 시설에서 300~1,100nm 사이의 분광투과율은 일반 P.E. 필름으로 피복된 시설보다 높았다. 전반적으로 시설내 광투과율은 이중피복, 골조, 기타시설물 때문에 노지에 비하여 절반 수준을 나타냈다. 순복사량은 CEM BIO P.E. 필름 피복시설이 5,424.5W.m-2 로서 일반 P.E.필름 피복시설보다 2.9% 낮았고, 광합성유효복사 투과율은 CEM BIO P.E.필름 피복시설이 3,861.2W.n-2 로서 일반 P.E. 필름 피복시설보다 3.8% 높았으며, 무가온기의 적산최저온도는 CEM BIO P.E. 필름 피복시설이 일반 P.E. 필름 피복시설보다 1일 평균 0.35℃ 높았다. 정식후 30일의 풋고추 생육은 CEM BIO P.E. 필름 피복시설에서 초장, 경경, 엽면적, 생체중, 건물중 및 군락생산구조가 우수하였고, 과실은 과중이 11.28g으로 일반 P.E. 필름 피복시설 보다 1.25g 무거웠으며, 상품율은 2.7% 높았다. 1997년 11월 19일부터 1998년 3월 3일 사이의 수량은 CEM BIO P.E. 필름피복시설에서 7.4% 많았으나 전체적인 수량은 차이를 보이지 않았다.