This paper intends to investigate commercial fish and shellfish 25 species (fish 8 species, shellfish 7 species, crustacean 3 species, molusc 4 species and echinodermata) for the distribution of sanitary indicator organisms (total viable counts, coliforms, staphylococci, vibrios, and enterococci) and diatributional change of indicator organisms according to storage temperature and period. The logarithmic mean of total viable counts for total commercial fish and shellfish 25 species was 5.41±0.26 CFU/g, and in accordance with fish and shellfishes, crustacean 6.76±0.67 CFU/g, shellfish 5.67±0.56 CFU/g, echinodermata 5.47±0.50 CFU/g, fish 5.021±0.38 CFU/g, and mollusc 5.03±0.65 CFU/g. The logarithmic mean of enterococci was 2.36±0.37 CFU/g, and in accordance with fish and shellfish, crustacean 3.44±0.12 CFU/g, shellfish 3.87±0.45 CFU/g, echinodermata 3.38±0.0 CFU/g, fish 2.16±0.41 CFU/g and mollusc 0.01±0.0 CFUIg. The logarithmic mean of vibrios was 1.60±0.59 CFUIg, and in accordance with fish and shellfish, crustacean 4.23±0.11 CFU/g, shellfish 3.58±0.90 CFUIg, echinodermata 1.64±0.34 CFU/g, fish 1.79±0.67 CFU/g and mollusc 1.07±0.61 CFU/g. The logarithmic mean of staphylococci was 1.60±0.59 CFU/g, and in accordance with fish and shellfish, shellfish 0.01±0.00 CFU/g, echinodermata 3.51±0.60 CFU/g, fish 1.68±0.64 CFU/g, crustacean 0.34±0.33 and mollusc 2.90±0.11 CFU/g. The logarithmic mean of coliforma was 2.2±0.32 CFU/g, and in accordance with fish and shellfish, echinodermata 3.58±0.89 CFU/g was highest, shellfish 3.25±0.30 CFU/g, crustacean 3.23±0.49 CFU/g, fish 2.18±0.63 CFU/g, peeled shellfish 1.80±0.51 CFU/ g and mollusc 1.55±0.95 CFU/g. As the results of research of the change of the contaminated indicator microflora in working with storage period at 10℃, 20℃ and 30℃, total viable counts was increased without storage temperature and enterococci were decreased slowly at 10℃, but increased at 20 and 30℃ Vibrios were decreased slowly at 10℃, decreased at 20℃ and 30℃ in 2 days after increased rapidly. Staphylococci were increased promptly without storage temperature in 2 days, then the total viable counts were maintained. Coliforms were increased at 10℃ by 7 days, then decreased or maintained after 14 days, changed at 20℃ in accordance with fish species in 2 days, then returned to the initial total viable count, and decreased rapidly at 30℃ on 2 days. By the way, there were no difference among the species.

평판형 모듈 설계의 최적화를 목적으로 feed 흐름 조건에 따른 feed 온도 및 유속분포를 예측할 수 있는 모델식을 확립하였고 모델 모사를 통해 흐름 조건들이 온도 분포에 끼치는 영향들을 조사하였다. 모델내의 유체의 Re 크기가 커지면 채널 두께방향으로의 유속 구배가 커질 뿐 아니라 투과물 증발을 위한 에너지원인 feed 흐름 속도가 커져 물질 및 열흐름이 증가하여 투과물 증발로 인한 feed 온도 강하가 증어든다. 반면에 채널 간격이 작아지면 feed 흐름량이 상대적으로 작아져 급격한 온도 강하를 야기시킨다. Re 크기에 따른 feed 온도 변화는 실험결과와 일치함이 관찰되었다.

Spatial distribution characteristics, volume backscattering strength and species composition of midwater trawling catch was analyzed biological and acoustical characteristics of anchovy shoal, using a high resolution echo - sounder at the south region of East sea of Korea. 1) In the survey site A of Lat.35˚55'N, Long.129˚45'E, the anchovy shoal of small to middle size with the horizontal range of 10~25m and large size with the horizontal range of 40~50m were distributed together. However in the survey site B of Lat.35˚38'N, Long.129˚40'E, the anchovy shoal was observed to be mainly small size which about 78% of the detected shoal. Another was that the anchovy shoal with the vertical range of 2~8m occupied about 68.6% in the survey site A and that of 6~12m occupied about 42.5% in the survey site B. The mainly the site A and B were found to be 10~50m super (2), 64.5% and 20~80m super (2), 66%, respectively. 2) The volume backscattering strength in the site A and B were observed to be -44.0~ -28.0dB, respectively. In the site A, the backscattering strength of -40.0~ -30.0dB was analyzed about 41.4%. 3) Most of total anchovy shoal was concentrated in the water layer of 50~100m in depth with 15.3~18.5℃, 34.0~34.3‰ in the survey site A and 14.2~16.4℃, 34.1~34.2‰ in the survey site B. 4) Mean total length(TL) and body weight(BW) of anchovy in the survey site A were 9.9cm and 4.4g respectively, with TL-BW relationship of BW=0.0007TL3.65super (3.85). In site B, mean total length(TL) and body weight(BW) were 11.2cm and 8.7g, with TL-BW relationship of BW=0.0023TL3.36.

본 연구에서는 TIMA를 전구체로 하는 수직형 MOCVD 반응기를 대상으로 수학적 모델을 세우고 컴퓨터에 의한 수치모사를 수행하여 반응기 설계 변수 및 공정조건이 AI의 증착속도와 증착두께 분포에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 수학적 모델은 수직형 반응기를 축대칭으로 보아 2차원으로 수립하였으며 반응기내의 운동량전달, 열전달, 물질전달을 포함한다. 이 수학적 모델의 지배 방정식들에 대하여 Galerkin 유한요소법을 적용하여 수치적으로 반응기 내의 유체 흐름 구조, 온도분포와 반응물의 농도 분포를 구하였다. 수치모사 결과 AI의 증착속도는 반응기 압력이 0.47torr, 기판온도가 250˚C, 유량이 7.5sccm일 경우, 190-230Å/min로 나타났다.

충의 방제에 효과적으로 이요할 수 있는 Bactllus thuringiensis 균주를 분리하기 위하여 전국의 다양한 토양을 채취하여 B. thuringiensis의 분포와 독성을 조사하였다. 총 548개의 토양을 전국 각지에 채취하여 포자와 내독소 단백질을 생산하는 64개의 B. thuringiensis를 분리했다. 분리된 64개의 B. thuringiensis를 나비목의 누에(Bombyx mori), 파리목의 빨간집모기(Culex pipens), 딱정벌레목의 쌀바구미(Sitophilus oryzae)의 세 종에 대해서 독성을 검정한 결과, 누에에 독성을 띠는 균주가 42.2%로 가장 많았으며, 누에와 빨간집모기에 동시에 독성을 띠는 균주가 31.3%, 빨간집모기에 독성을 띠는 균주는 20.3%의 비율로 분리되어 다양한 독성 분포를 보였다. 그러나 쌀바구미에 독성을 띠는 균주는 분리되지 않았고, 내독소 단백질은 형성하지만 독성이 없는 무독성 B. thuringiensis가 62%의 비율로 분리되었다.