This study aims to find the causal relationship between the effects of apartment inhabitants’ life management and administrative management on housing satisfaction. The study results are as follows. Firstly, life management showed to have a positive effect on life satisfaction. In other words, the better the management of public order and facilities, the higher the satisfaction of housing satisfaction. Thus, the principal agent of management needs to increase inhabitants’ housing satisfaction through education and training on developing life management techniques. Secondly, administrative management showed to have a positive effect on life satisfaction. Thus, the more accurate the completion documents and management transfer process necessary for administrative management, the higher the cost-cutting effects of accounting, construction, and service contracts, the more transparent the resident agreement process in accordance with management policies, the more transparent the election process of building representatives and resident representatives, and the higher the effects of energy saving, the higher the housing satisfaction of inhabitants. This revealed that the principal agent of management needs to increase housing satisfaction through education and training on developing administrative management techniques because the level of administrative management had a positive effect on housing satisfaction. As a result, in order to create reliability between inhabitants and the principal agents of management, the transparency of administrative management such as document disclosure must be ensured, thus improving the housing satisfaction of inhabitants.

Evaluating the operational efficiency of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) is important to understand charging network evolution and the charging behavior of electric vehicle users. However, aggregation of efficiency performance metrics poses a significant challenge to practitioners and researchers. In general, the operational efficiency of EVCSs can be measured as a complicated function of various factors with multiple criteria. Such a complex aspect of managing EVCSs becomes one of the challenging issues to measure their operational efficiency. Considering the difficulty in the efficiency measurement, this paper suggests a way to measure the operational efficiency of EVCSs based on data envelopment analysis (DEA). The DEA model is formulated as constant returns of output-oriented model with five types of inputs, four of them are the numbers of floating population and nearby charging stations, distance of nearby charging stations and traffic volume as desirable inputs and the other is the traffic speed in congestion as undesirable one. Meanwhile, the output is given by the charging frequency of EVCSs in a day. Using real-world data obtained from reliable sources, we suggest operational efficiencies of EVCSs in Seoul and discuss implications on the development of electric vehicle charging network. The result of efficiency measurement shows that most of EVCSs in Seoul are inefficient, while some districts (Nowon-gu, Dongdaemun-gu, Dongjak-gu, Songpa-gu, Guro-gu) have relatively more efficient EVCSs than the others.

2020년 1학기 코로나19로 인해 모든 대학들이 불가피하게 온라인 강의를 진행했다. 그와 함께 온라인 강의에 대한 관심이 급격히 높아져갔다. 하지만 대대적인 온라인 강의는 이번이 처음이어서인지 그에 관한 기존 연구가 거의 없는 실정이다. 필자들은 2020년도 1학기 고려대학교 <글쓰기Ⅰ> 과목을 온라인 실시간 강의로 진행했을 뿐만 아니라, 학기 말에는 모든 학생들을 대상으로 그에 관한 설문조사를 실시하 기도 했다. 본고는 그러한 갖가지 수업자료와 설문조사를 토대로 온라인 강의, 특히 실시간 강의의 운영 방법과 교육 효과에 대해 자세히 분석해본 것이다. 그리하여 온라인 강의의 운영 사례를 공유하는 한편, 온라인 교육의 질을 높이는 데 조금이나마 기여하고자 했다.