The purpose of this study was to determine factors related to the consumption of energy drinks among male and female high school students in Daejeon. The research data, derived from the self-administered questionnaire method, was collected from 664 students in fifteen high schools during the spring of 2016. A total of 542 complete questionnaires were analyzed (response rate: 79.8%). Approximately 73% of the students self-reported having consumed energy drinks, with a greater percentage of male (as opposed to female) students self-reporting as having done so. The most common reasons given for the consumption of energy drinks were to stay awake (54.8%), the good taste of the drink (28.0%), to concentrate during studying (17.2%), and to relieve fatigue (16.9%). The adverse effects were palpitation (59.3%), insomnia (35.6%), and experiencing difficulty in waking up (30.5%). More than two in three (67.8%) students who experienced adverse effects still consumed energy drinks. The average level of health consciousness was lower than 3 out of 5 points. The results of the logistic regression analyses indicated a positive relationship between monthly allowance (OR=1.01 for male and female students) and the consumption of energy drinks by both male and female students. Among the male students, freshmen (OR=0.23) were less likely to have consumed energy drinks than juniors. Male students’ sleeping hours (OR=0.65) and perceived school life satisfaction scores (OR=0.63) were negatively associated with the consumption of energy drinks. In the case of female students, study hours (OR=0.83) and energy drinks consumption were negatively related. These factors affecting energy drinks consumption could be considered in the development of dietary education programs aimed at protecting high school students from the adverse health impacts of energy drinks

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the smoking and eating habits of high school students. We also presented the basic data for the effective smoking cessation and smoking prevention programs, and proper nutrition education programs. We surveyed 304 high school male students in Sokcho city. The results were as follows ; a total of 23.7% of the subjects were smokers, the smokers spent more pocket money than the non-smokers and they also spent more time on the internet or smartphone. The smokers had lower awareness of the dangers of smoking than that of non-smokers. They started drinking alcohol earlier than the non-smokers. Their water intake was higher and they preferred consumption of high-protein foods like fried chicken, but were not inclined to vegetables and sour tasting foods. These results imply that smoking habits of the subjects affected their eating and drinking habits. A matter of concern was the low intake of vegetables and sour tasting foods, which could lead to a deficiency of nutrients such as vitamins, minerals and dietary fibers. The smokers were less satisfied with their school life than the non-smokers. There was a negative correlation with the degree of awareness of the dangers that smoking can cause. Conversely, the amount of smoking and drinking habits were positively correlated. To reach a healthy adulthood, it is crucial to quit smoking and participate in smoking prevention education along with nutrition education and abstinence education for the adolescents.

Lee, Jae Ho. 2016. “The Use of Korean Sentence-Final Endings by the Students of Chosun Hakkyo, Korean School in Japan”. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 24(3). 317~343. The purpose of this paper is to present the findings which were found throughout a series of investigations performed to clarify what kind of Korean sentence-final endings the students of Korean School in Japan who are the descents of Korean immigrants use. Since the observed endings of the 1st investigation, Participant Observation, were different from the results of the 2nd investigation, Speech Task, the author interviewed the students to verify the results of the 2 investigations. Consequently, the results of Participant Observation and the interviews were generally consistent. There is, however, the possibility of students choosing and using different endings in different situations, affected by factors such as education in school and so on. The results show that the use of Korean sentence-final endings by the students is not simple.

The study investigates the effect of different types of visual images, i.e., static images versus dynamic images, on English vocabulary learning. Eighty-four students in the fourth grade of an elementary school participated in this study, and they were divided into two experimental groups and a control group. One of the experimental groups utilized static images, and the other group, videos as dynamic images in vocabulary learning. The control group was provided with the definition or the explanation of each target word in L1. The results of the study manifested that the static image group showed higher scores for the post test than the dynamic image group. The comparison of the pre and post affective tests demonstrated that the static image group showed an improvement in confidence in language learning and the dynamic image group showed positive change in the attitude of all three areas: interest, confidence, and aroused motivation. The analysis of the open-ended questionnaires showed that many participants in the static image group tended to use pictures as retrieval cues to remember vocabulary.

본 연구는 『인성교육진흥법』(2015)에서 제시하고 있는 인성 관련 역량 중 공동체역량을 중심으로 하여 학교에서 이루어지는 학생의 경험 가운데 이를 진작시키는 요인을 탐색하여 시사점을 도출하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 공동체역량의 하위 요인을 규칙준수, 봉사활동인식, 공동체의식으로 조작적으로 정의하였으며, 「한국교육종단연구 2013」의 1차년도(2013년) 자료의 특성을 반영한 2수준 다층모형(Hierarchical Linear Model : HLM)을 설정하 였다. 분석결과, 초등학생의 공동체역량 수준 차이는 상당 수준 학생 수준에 의한 것으로 나타났다. 학생 수준 투입변수인 부모-자녀 상호작용, 부모의 학업적지원은 공동체역량에 정적인 영향을 일관되게 주는 것으로 분석되었다. 학생 수준 과정변수인 교사와의 관계, 교우관계, 학교 동아리활동, 운동시간은 모두 학생의 공동체역량에 정적인 영향을 주었으며 학업/시험 부담감의 경우에는 부적인 영향을 미쳤다. 학교 수준 과정변수인 교사열의, 교사성 취압력은 공히 학생의 공동체역량과 관련이 있었다. 교사열의는 규칙준수와 봉사활동인식, 교사성취압력은 공동체 의식에 긍정적인 영향을 주었다. 학교폭력 정도는 봉사활동인식을 제외하고 규칙준수, 공동체의식에 공통적으로 부적인 영향을 주었다.

The current study explores the potential of the collaborative reflection of the teacher, colleagues, and students in promoting teacher expertise. To this effect, the authors first created a principled set of checklists on six domains of teacher expertise by synthesizing relevant literature. Then they developed protocols for collaborative reflection. These tools were applied to a middle school English teacher’s reflective practice, involving the teacher participating in stimulated recall sessions of her own classes, writing reflection journals, and receiving feedback from her colleagues and students. The results show that collaborative reflection has high potentials for mediating the teacher’s cognitive and affective changes, leading to behavioral ones. This suggests that collaborative reflection, when relevant institutional prerequisites are met, can take an instrumental role in promoting teacher expertise.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of communication simulation based on for elderly sensation disorders patient. the elderly population is growing about hearing loss, cataracts on this communication simulation for a nursing student is required. Methods: A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. A total of 46 subjects (undergraduate students) participated in they were assigned to two groups: the experimental group(n=24) the control group (n=22). Data - gathering structured questionnaires that included communication competence, academic self-efficacy, and attitude about the elderly. The data were collected and statistical analyses were conducted with x2 test and independent t-test using the SPSS 22.0 program. Results: there was significant improvement in communication competence in the experiment group (t=2.05, =.046) and attitude about the elderly (t=-2.26, p=.033). However, there was no statistically no significant in academic self-efficacy(t=1.17, p=.247) Conclusion: communication Simulation should continue to be developed further for better sensation disorders with elderly patient. Integrated education in particular using a high-fidelity simulator will contribute to improvement in nursing competence.

본 연구는 일대일 코칭이 청소년들의 학습 능력 및 학교생활 적응력 향상에 미치는 영 향을 탐색적인 방법으로 조사하였다. 이 연구는 2011년 7월부터 2014년 2월까지 경기도 관 내 특성화고등학교 1학년에 재학 중인 학습능력 저하와 학교생활 적응력 저하의 해결 과 제를 가진 징계위기청소년들을 중심으로 진행되었다. 특성화고등학교 청소년들에게 적용하였던 코칭의 영향을 측정하기 위해 무단결석, 지각, 조퇴, 학습변화 정도를 추적 조사하였다. 그 결과 코칭을 진행하기 전과 후는 상이한 변화 를 보였으며 긍정적인 향상효과가 확인되었다. 주요 변화내용으로는 무단결석, 지각, 조퇴 빈도가 감소하였고, 학습능력은 향상되었음을 알 수 있었다. 코칭을 접목하여 진행 된 프로그램의 효과성에 대한 긍정적 결과는 청소년의 학교 생활 적응의 긍정적 효과만이 아닌 청소년과 관련한 다양한 문제 해결을 위한 프로그램의 제공 에 있어 긍정적 변화를 예측을 가능하게 한다. 이 연구는 특성화고등학교 청소년들에 대한 코칭의 조기 개입이 학습 능력과 학교생활 적응 능력의 향상에 긍정적인 영향을 미침과 동시에 성인사회로의 발전에 긍정적인 영향 을 미칠 수 있는 연구 방향을 제시하였다는 것에 그 의미가 있다.

This study was performed to investigate the nutrition knowledge, dietary attitudes, and dietary behaviors among high school students by gender. The subjects were 275 students (127 male, 148 female) in Incheon metropolitan area. Selfadministered questionnaires consisted of general characteristics and anthropometric data, nutrition knowledge, dietary attitudes, and dietary behaviors. The average score of nutrition knowledge was significantly higher in female subjects (9.4) compared to male subjects (8.2) (p<0.01). Male subjects had a higher score for dietary attitudes than female subjects (p<0.001). Frequency of meals was significantly higher in male subjects compared to female subjects (p<0.05). Duration of meal time in male subjects was significantly higher (‘5-10 minutes’) compared to female subjects (p<0.001). Unbalanced diet was significantly higher in female subjects (66.3%) compared to male subjects (48.9%) (p<0.01). Male subjects showed significantly higher consumption frequency of ‘dairy’ (p<0.001) and ‘beans’ (p<0.001) compared to female subjects. For snack consumption, male subjects showed higher consumption frequency of ‘nuts’ (p<0.001), ‘soda’ (p<0.05), ‘fast foods’ (p<0.001), and ‘ramyeon’ (p<0.01), but lower consumption frequency of ‘biscuits and bakery’ (p<0.01) compared to female subjects. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a systemic nutrition education program for high school students by gender.

This study was designed to verify the effects of Animal Assisted Intervention on self regulations and behavioral problems of the elementary school students who had trouble adjusting to school life due to emotional problems, matter of behaviors, hyper activities, peer problems and prosocial behavior(Sociotropy). The experimental unit used in this study consisted of 8 students aged between 8 and 13, both male and female, who satisfied the criterion of Strengths and Difficulties, the preliminary test, reported by each class teacher. The unit was treated by Animal Assisted Intervention program, divided into 2 groups by grade each made up of 4 subjects in the lower grades and the higher grades. The program consisted of 12 sessions and each was run for 45 minutes with 4 therapy dogs throughout 10 weeks. The data was analyzed with Wilcoxon's signed ranks test on SPSS 20.0 and in brief showed the following results. Animal Assisted Intervention on Self Regulation improvement program was verified to have significant effects on the elementary school students' self regulations and Strengths and Difficulties that reflects behavioral problems

The purpose of this study was to investigate eating habits and dormitory foodservices’ satisfaction in university students using dormitory foodservice in the Jeollabuk-do Iksan area. Self-administered questionnaires were completed by 195 students (86 male, 109 female). Many students (58.5%) ate less than two meals per day and spent around 30 min eating meals. The results show that snack and midnight meals were the main reasons (37.9%) for unhealthy eating habits. Main source of nutritional knowledge and information were TV and the Internet (58.5%), followed by friends and people (25.1%), nutrition books (10.3%), elective courses (4.6%), and newspapers and magazines (1.5%). Men had significantly higher satisfaction scores for nutrition, taste, diversity of menu, as well as hygiene of dormitory food court compared to women (p<0.05). Salty taste was the most important factor in evaluation of taste satisfaction, whereas sour taste was opposite. The reason for taste dissatisfaction in the dormitory food court was not salty enough, and it may be related with their eating habits. The results show that students need education for adequate knowledge and information about the relationship between health and nutrition.

The purpose of this study was to investigate students’ satisfaction with, perceived ease of movement of, and perceived fit of high school girls’ uniforms according to the uniform design. “P” high school, with a one-piece dress-type uniform, and “H” high school, with a two-piece type uniform, were selected for this study. Sixty-five female students from each school participated in the study. The questionnaire was composed of 21 questions about the school uniforms’ purchase behavior, design, fit, ease of movement, and modification and participants’ demographic information. Students from both schools were generally satisfied with the uniform design. However, in the open-ended response section, many “P” high school students responded that the fact that the one-piece dress pulled up when sitting or raising the hand made it uncomfortable. On the other hand, “H” high school students responded that the skirt was uncomfortable, because it left the body or underwear exposed when the wind blew due to the many pleats in the skirt. In the assessment of the ease of movement, “P” high school students were more likely to describe the uniform as uncomfortable than “H” high school students. Many students responded that they modified their school uniforms, and the length of the skirt and one-piece dress was the main part that was modified. This study suggests that growing female high school students are unsatisfied with the school uniforms’ design and fit. Additionally, the perceived fit and satisfaction levels depend on the uniform design.

이 연구는 청소년기 자녀를 둔 중년 여성들이 학생상담자원봉사활동 참여 경험을 통해 청소년기 자녀 에 대한 이해 변화와 자기성장을 이루어가는 과정에 대해 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 한 지역의 학생 상담자원봉사협의회에서 4년 이상 봉사활동을 하고 있는 주로 40대에서 50대의 여성 봉사자 9명과 심층 면담을 실시하였다. 먼저, 청소년기 자녀 이해 변화 과정에 대하여 살펴보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 학교 현 장의 아이들을 접하면서 이들은 청소년기 아이들에 대해 이해하게 되었다. 둘째, 청소년기 자녀 이해 과정 에서 이들은 자녀의 마음 읽기, 기다려주기 등 공감적 이해를 할 수 있는 계기를 갖게 되었다. 셋째, 상담 봉사 경험을 하게 되면서 자녀 양육태도도 점검하게 되고 부모-자녀관계의 개선을 위해 자신을 변화시키 고 있었다. 넷째, 상담교육과 경험을 통해 얻은 의사소통기술이나 대화법 등의 실제적 적용은 자녀와의 의 사소통에도 긍정적인 영향을 주며 자녀와의 관계 개선에도 기여하고 있었다. 이와 함께 연구 참여자들은 봉사활동 경험을 통하여 자기성장의 의미를 터득하고 있었다. 첫째, 상담 관련 교육을 받고 공부하는 과정 에서 봉사자들은 자기주도 학습 기회를 가지게 되었다. 둘째, 상담 관련 교육과 경험은 자기이해와 자기반 성의 기회를 제공하고 있었다. 셋째, 학생상담봉사활동을 통해 자기만족감, 성취감을 느끼고 있으며, 자아 존중감 향상에도 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 상담봉사활동을 통하여 타인의 관점을 이해하고 존 중할 수 있는 태도도 기르고 있었다. 다섯째, 학생상담자원봉사협의회의 회원으로 함께 활동하며 소속감 과 사회적 지지 향상에 도움을 얻게 되었다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the nutrition knowledge, perception, and intake frequency of milk and milk products among middle school students as well as provide the basic data needed for increasing milk and milk product consumption. To achieve the purpose of this study, a survey with 385 students of four middle schools located in Chuncheon was conducted. The level of nutrition knowledge of milk and milk products in females was slightly higher than that in males (p<0.01). Flavored milk and ice cream were preferred the most in each category, and ‘taste’ influenced the selection of milk and milk products the most. The intake frequency of whole milk was the highest, and that of flavored milk was lowest among various milks. Ice cream showed the highest intake frequency while cheese showed the lowest among milk products. Male students showed higher intake frequency of milk and milk products. Groups having high level of nutrition knowledge showed the highest intake of whole milk, whereas groups having a low level of nutrition knowledge preferred processed milk, low fat or non-fat milk, and cheese the lowest.