Biogas is a gaseous mixture produced from microbial digestion of organic materials in the absence of oxygen. Raw biogas, depending upon organic materials, digestion time and process conditions, contains about 45-75% methane, 30-50% carbon dioxide, 0.3% of hydrogen sulfide gas and fraction of water vapor. Pure methane has a caloric value of 34,400 kJ/m³, but the lower heating value of raw biogas changes between 13,720 and 27,440 kJ/m³. To achieve the standard composition of the biogas the treatment techniques like absorption must be applied. In this paper the experimental results of the methane purification in simulated biogas mixture consisted of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide were presented. The air-lift reactor is performed with MEA in order to increase the simultaneous purification for the gaseous mixtures of CO2 and H2S which are main components of the biogas. The effects of feed pressures and mixed gas on the separation of CO2-CH4 by membrane are investigated. It was shown that it was possible to achieve the purification of methane from the concentration of 55% up to 99%. The flow cell reactor was used to measure the reaction rate constant and to determine the optimal conditions of process for improving process efficiency.

Hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) is an ozone-depleting substance that is subject to environmental regulations based onthe Montreal Protocol, and in Republic of Korea, which is regarded as a developing country, its use will be restricted inphase starting in 2013 until finally being prohibited in 2030. HCFC is regulated Based on the Tokyo Protocol, HCFC isa regulated construction material for carbon dioxide reduction with GWP of 1,700~2,400 times that of CO2, with a GWPof 1. Using the CO2 in the heat insulating material in the extrusion process conditions are the first extruder, the polystyreneresin (melting point) and the blowing agent (CO2:Ethanol:HCFC) as interval (Mixing zone) which is the combinedpressure 11.0MPa, temperature 200oC, second within the extruder discharge pressure 6.5 MPa, and determines that it isdesirable to set the temperature of 115oC, the blowing agent mixing ratio (CO2:Ethanol:HCFC), taking into account thestability of the thermal conductivity of 30:20:50%, 25:25:50% is expected to be utilized in the foaming agent.

Currently, global warming problem is serious. One of reasons of global warming is CO2 emissions. As an alternative means to prevent this, there is an environment-friendly effect of modular bridge method. After analyzing the CO2 emissions of the steel modular bridge which is used in a modular bridge based on D/B W.B.S analysis program and by comparing the CO2 emissions with that of the similar type of bridge, it is intended to analyze the environmental-friendly of modular bridge through the evaluation of the CO2 emissions of modular steel girder bridge of 21m.

In this work, the separation characteristics of CO2 from CO2 and CH4 mixed gas was studied using pressure swingadsorption (PSA) process. Zeolite 13X was used as an adsorbent to adsorb CO2 from gaseous stream in a fixed-bed ofadsorbent. The adsorption experiments were performed with various gas flow rates, adsorption pressures and temperatures.The deactivation model was used to analyze the adsorption kinetics of CO2 using the experimental breakthrough data.From this work, it was found that the activation energies of adsorption and deactivation were 29.15 and 13.0 kJ/mol,respectively. And the experimental breakthrough curves were agree very well with the adsorption isotherm models basedon Freundlich equation.

We examined the combined impacts of future increases of CO2 and temperature on the growth of four marine diatoms (Skeletonema costatum, Chaetoceros debilis, Chaetoceros didymus, Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii). The four strains were incubated under four different conditions: present (pCO2: 400ppm, temperature: 20℃), acidification (pCO2: 1000ppm, temperature: 20℃), global warming (pCO2: 400ppm, temperature: 25℃), and greenhouse (pCO2: 1000ppm, temperature: 25℃) conditions. Under the condition of higher temperatures, growth of S. costatum was suppressed, while C. debilis showed enhanced growth. Both C. didymus and T. nodenskioldii showed similar growth rates under current and elevated temperature. None of the four species appeared affected in their cell growth by elevated CO2 concentrations. Chetoceros spp. showed increase of pH per unit fluorescence under elevated CO2 concentrations, but no difference in pH from that under current conditions was observed for either S. costatum or T. nodenskioeldii, implying that Chetoceros spp. can take up more CO2 per cell than the other two diatoms. Our results of cell growth and pH change per unit fluorescence suggest that both C. debilis and C. didymus are better adapted to future oceanic conditions of rising water temperature and CO2 than are S. costatum and T. nodenskioeldii.

As global warming is higher by CO2, most of countries have an effort to develop CO2 reducing technology like a CO2 sequestration and a CO2 curing method using cement based materials. In this study, CO2 uptake rate and compressive strength were investigated when CO2 curing method was applied in cement mortar. The CO2 uptake rate was ranged from 10.1% to 11.6% by mass measurement method and from 6.2% to 16.3% by TGA method. This means that mass measurement method by electronic scale is more accurate than TGA method to estimate CO2 uptake rate. The early compressive strength of 1 hour CO2 curing specimens was higher than that of 1 hour atmospheric curing specimens, but lower than that of 5 hours steam curing specimens. 3 days and 7 days compressive strength of specimens by atmospheric curing and steam curing were increased both. But compressive strength of 1 hour CO2 curing specimens was lower than that of other two curing methods.

In this study, the variations of the carbon dioxide fluxes were investigated with soil temperatures in the grassplot and seasonal variations of carbon dioxide concentrations and fluxes were analysed. Soil temperatures, carbon dioxide concentrations and fluxes were measured on the grassplot in Pukyong National University. Field measurements were carried out 25 times from March in 2010 to March in 2011 with nine points on the grassplot. Seasonal variations of carbon dioxide concentrations and fluxes showed an inverse relation. In summer, carbon dioxide concentrations are lower and carbon dioxide fluxes are higher. In winter, carbon dioxide concentrations are higher and carbon dioxide fluxes are lower. On the grassplot, carbon dioxide emission rate increase when the soil temperature is more than 20℃ and the emission rate decrease when the soil temperatures are less than 10℃. When the accumulated rainfall for five days before measurement day is 20~100 mm, it is showed that the more rainfall, the more carbon dioxide emissions. Carbon dioxide emission rate from the grassplot to the upper atmosphere was increased or decreased by the factors such as soil temperature, growth and wither of grass and rainfall. The results of this study showed that the emission of carbon dioxide in the grassplot is dominantly controlled by seasonal factors (especially soil temperature and rainfall).

Industrial gas drying, dilute gas mixtures purification, air fractionation, hydrogen production from steam reformers and petroleum refinery off-gases, etc are conducted by using adsorptive separation technology. The pressure swing adsorption (PSA) has certain advantages over the other methods, such as absorption and membrane, that are a low energy requirement and cost-effectiveness. A key component of PSA systems is adsorbents that should be highly selective to a gas being separated from its mixture streams and have isotherms suitable for the operation principle. The six standard types of isotherms have been examined in this review, and among them the best behavior in the adsorption of CO2 as a function of pressure was proposed in aspects of maximizing a working capacity upon excursion between adsorption and desorption cycles. Zeolites and molecular sieves are historically typical adsorbents for such PSA applications in gas and related industries, and their physicochemical features, e.g., framework, channel structure, pore size, Si-to-Al ratio (SAR), and specific surface area, are strongly associated with the extent of CO2 adsorption at given conditions and those points have been extensively described with literature data. A great body of data of CO2 adsorption on the nanoporous zeolitic materials have been collected according to pressure ranges adsorbed, and these isotherms have been discussed to get an insight into a better CO2 adsorbent for PSA processes.

The effect of CO2 on the opening of stomata in the intact leaf of Commelina communis has been investigated. Full opening of stomatal apertures(around 18 μm) was achieved in the intact leaf by addition of CO2(900 μmol mol-1). At 90 minutes, the stomatal apertures of leaves treated with CO2 free air were reduced. In contrast, stomata opened most widely with the treatment of CO2 air at 90 minutes. The effects of light, CO2 air and CO2 free air on the change of membrane potential difference(PD) were measured. Fast hyperpolarization of guard cell membrane PD was recorded reaching up to -12 mV in response to light. If CO2 free air was given firstly, there was no response. When light was given after CO2 free air, the light effect was very clear. At the onset of CO2 air, the PD showed a dramatic hyperpolarization to about -25 mV. Changes in the pH of apoplast in intact leaves in response to CO2 air were observed. CO2 air caused a change of 0.4 pH unit. Therefore, it can be hypothesized that CO2 flowing could stimulate proton efflux which is a necessary precursor of stomatal opening.

DNA damage such as genotoxicity was identified with comet assay, which blood cell of a marine parrot fish (Oplegnathus fasciatus) was exposed to an acidified seawater, lowered pH gradient making of CO2 gas. The gradient of pH were 8.22, 8.03, 7.81, 7.55 with control as HBSS solution with pH 7.4. DNA tail moment of fish blood cell was 0.548 ± 0.071 exposed seawater of pH 8.22 condition, on the other hand, DNA tail moment 1.601 ± 0.197 exposed acidified seawater of pH 7.55 lowest condition. The approximate difference with level of DNA damage was 2.9 times between highest and lowest of pH. DNA damage with decreasing pH was significantly increased with DNA tail moment on blood cell of marine fish (ANOVA, p < 0.001). Ocean acidification, especially inducing the leakage of sequestered CO2 in geological structure is a consequence from the burning of fossil fuels, and long term effects on marine habitats and organisms are not fully investigated. The physiological effects on adult fish species are even less known. This result shown that the potential of dissolved CO2 in seawater was revealed to induce the toxic effect on genotoxicity such as DNA breakage.

In this study, before and after sunset carbon dioxide concentration and air temperature were observed in two points of atmosphere (lower observation point of the GL + 0.1 m, the upper observation point of GL + 1.0 m) on the foreshore at located in Suncheon Bay and their variations were analyzed. Observation was performed on the foreshore on 2~4 August 2010. Instrument (VAISALA, GMP343) was set two hours before sunset and then observation was made continuously for six hours. In three days, observed carbon dioxide concentration was 375~419 ppm, and the air temperature was in the range of 28.7~32. 5℃. The average concentration of carbon dioxide was 388~399 ppm in the upper observation point and 386~396 ppm in the lower observation point. It was higher in the upper observation point and its fluctuations were similar in two observation points. Correlation coefficients between carbon dioxide concentration and air temperature in the upper observation point were in the range of –0.64~–0.88, and were calculated –0.65 to -0.90 in the lower observation point. For the carbon dioxide concentration, correlation coefficients between the upper part and the lower part were very high as 0.98 in three times. For the air temperature, correlation coefficients between the upper part and the lower part were very high as 0.97 and 0.99. In the same observation time, the slope of the linear regression function as carbon dioxide concentration in the lower observation point for the upper observation point was in the range of 0.97~1.01. Carbon dioxide concentration was slightly higher in the upper observation point. Because carbon dioxide in the lower observation point was closer on the surface of the foreshore and absorbed from atmosphere to the foreshore. In this study, it was showed that the vertical variation of carbon dioxide concentration was insignificant in the several meter scale of atmosphere on the surface of the foreshore.

폐콘크리트 처리 시 발생하는 시멘트 미분은 CO2 포집을 위한 광물탄산화 재료로 활용할 수 있다. 이번 연구에서는 폐콘크리트를 활용한 CO2 포집을 위한 기초연구로 수화시멘트의 수성탄산화 방안과 탄산염광물 형성 특성에 대한 자료를 확보하고자 하였다. 실험을 위해 물 : 시멘트 비를 6 : 4로 하여 28일간 수중 경화하여 시멘트 풀을 제작하고, 첨가제(NaCl과 MgCl2)를 활용한 용출실험과 두 종류의 수성탄산화(직접수성탄산화와 간접수성탄산화)실험을 수행하였다. 용출실험 결과, Ca2+ 이온의 용출은 시험된 최대 농도에서 보다 0.1 M NaCl과 0.5 M MgCl2에서 최대로 나타났으며, MgCl2는 NaCl에 비해 10배 이상의 Ca2+ 이온을 용출력을 보였다. 미분(< 0.15 mm)의 시멘트 풀은 직접수성탄산화에 의해 1시간 이내에 탄산화에 의해 포트랜다이트가 거의 모두 탄산염광물로 변화하고, CSH(calcium silicate hydrate)의 분해에 의한 탄산화도 진행되는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 직접수성탄산화에는 NaCl과 MgCl2와 같은 첨가제가 크게 효율적이지 못하였다. NaCl과 MgCl2를 첨가제로 사용한 용출액에 대한 간접수성탄산화로 100% 순수한 방해석을 생성되었다. MgCl2에 의한 용출액의 경우 탄산화를 위해 알칼리용액 의한 pH의 조절이 필요하였으며, Mg2+ 이온의 영향으로 탄산화가 느리게 진행되었다. 수성탄산화 방법과 첨가제의 종류가 생성되는 탄산칼슘광물의 종류와 결정도 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

지구온난화로 인한 재앙을 방지하기 위하여 온실가스 배출을 감축하려는 노력은 지속적으로 추진되어 왔다. 최근에는 이미 배출된 이산화탄소를 포집하고 격리하여 온실가스를 감축하려는 방안도 활발히 연구 되고 있는 실정이다. 이산화탄소의 격리 방법 중 이산화탄소를 지반 내에 영구히 저장하는 방안이 제안되어 연구되고 있다. 이산화탄소의 차폐성능이 확인된 지반에 이산화탄소를 주입하기 위하여 주입공을 건설하여야 한다. 일반적으로 이산화탄소 주입공은 대심도공내에 강재 케이싱을 삽입 하고 그 주위를 환체 시멘트를 이용하여 차폐하지만, 주입공 주위의 환체 시멘트는 저장된 이산화탄소의 누출 경로가 될 가능성이 매우 높다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 이산화탄소의 지반 내 격리를 위한 주입공의 내구성과 차폐성능 향상을 위한 환체 시멘트의 개질개선을 위한 기초적인 연구로 고온고압 하에서 양생된 환체 시멘트의 미세구조 특성을 분석하고자 한다. 유정용으로도 사용되는 Type G 시멘트를 대심도 지반상태인 고온고압 (80 °C, 10 MPa) 상태에서 28일간 양생하였다. 이를 위하여 고온고압의 양생환경을 구현하기 위한 실험장치가 개발되었다. 고압의 질소가스를 투입하여 압력을 높였으며, 히팅 자켓을 이용하여 양생 온도를 유지하였다. 다양한 미세구조 분석 장치를 사용하여 고온고압에서 양생된 시멘트의 미세구조의 구성성분과 기계적 성질을 파악하였다.

Biogas from anaerobic digestion of biological wastes is a renewable energy resource. It has been utilized to provideheat and electricity. Raw biogas contains about 55~65% methane, 30~45% carbon dioxide, 0.5% of hydrogen sulfidegas and fraction of water vapor. The presence of CO2 and H2S in biogas affects less caloric value of raw biogas andcorrosion of engine etc.. Reducing CO2 and H2S contents improves a quality of fuel. In this paper, the absorption processusing aqueous monoethanol amine has been investigated as one of the leading technologies to purify the biogas. Liquidabsorbent is circulated through the reactor, contacting the biogas in countercurrent flow. The experimental results of themethane purification in simulated biogas mixture consisted of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide werepresented. It was shown that using aqueous solution used is effective in reacting with CO2 in biogas and it was possibleto achieve the purification of methane from the concentration of 55% up to 98%. This technique proved to be efficientin enriching and purifying of biogas, and has to be used to improve process efficiency.

Carbon dioxide generated from construction materials and construction material industry among the fields ofconstruction is approximately 67 million tons. It is about 30% of the carbon dioxide generated in the fields of construction.In order to reduce carbon dioxide in the fields of construction, it is necessary to control the use of fossil fuel consumedand decrease carbon emission by reducing the secondary and tertiary curing generating carbon dioxide in constructionmaterial industry. Therefore, this study manufactured mortar by having cement as the base and substituting three bindingmaterials up to 50% and then adopted different curing methods to analyze congelation and strength characteristics. According to the result of strength characteristics by the types of binding materials and replacement ratio, the specimensubstituting ESA (Early Strength Admixture) and FPC (Fine Particle Cement) showed active strength improvement. Inparticular, the specimen substituting ESA as 25% indicated the greatest strength improvement, and as the number of curingincreased, the strength grew higher, too. And when the binding material was used by substitution, it showed strengthcharacteristics similar to or higher than the specimen conducting tertiary autoclave curing as the secondary steam curing.

In this study, an accelerated carbonation process was applied to stabilize hazardous heavy metals of industrial solid waste incineration (ISWI) bottom ash and fly ash, and to reduce CO2 emissions. The most commonly used method to stabilize heavy metals is accelerated carbonation using a high water-to-solid ratio including oxidation and carbonation reactions as well as neutralization of the pH, dissolution, and precipitation and sorption. This process has been recognized as having a significant effect on the leaching of heavy metals in alkaline materials such as ISWI ash. The accelerated carbonation process with CO2 absorption was investigated to confirm the leaching behavior of heavy metals contained in ISWI ash including fly and bottom ash. Only the temperature of the chamber at atmospheric pressure was varied and the CO2 concentration was kept constant at 99% while the water-to-solid ratio (L/S) was set at 0.3 and 3.0 dm3/kg. In the result, the concentration of leached heavy metals and pH value decreased with increasing carbonation reaction time whereas the bottom ash showed no effect. The mechanism of heavy metal stabilization is supported by two findings during the carbonation reaction. First, the carbonation reaction is sufficient to decrease the pH and to form an insoluble heavy metal-material that contributes to a reduction of the leaching. Second, the adsorbent compound in the bottom ash controls the leaching of heavy metals; the calcite formed by the carbonation reaction has high affinity of heavy metals. In addition, approximately 5 kg/ton and 27 kg/ton CO2 were sequestrated in ISWI bottom ash and fly ash after the carbonation reaction, respectively.

In order to make the best biogas production in the anaerobic fermentation, it is important to be able to compare the raw input materials on the basis of their sustainability, which may include a variety of environmental indicators. This study examined the comparative sustainability of renewable technologies in terms of their life cycle CO2 emissions and embodied energy, using life cycle analysis. The comparative results showed that power generation of bioenergy was associated with 0.96 kWh/m³ biogas and the reduction of CO2 emission is 2.1kg of CO2/kg Biomass. Other environmental indicators should be applied to gain a complete picture of the technologies studied. The generation of electricity is 2.07 kWh/m³ biogas in comparison with theoretical results of 3.09 kWh/m³ (efficiency of generator is 30%) based on the assumption of the removal efficiency 95% of CO2, methane conversion 100%, efficiency of generator 30%. Final results are the production of methane: 250 m³/day, production of electricity: 770kWh/day when used 5m³/day of waste.

Hydrolysis of triacylglycerol(TAG) from fats and oils to glycerol and free fatty acid (FFA), also referred to as fat splitting, is an important reaction for the olechemical industry. Typically, hydrolysis is carried out at 100-260℃ and 100-7000 kPa using 0.4-0.15(w/w) initial water to oil ratio with or without catalysts. It is an endothermic reaction occurs in a stepwise manner where TAG is initially hydrolyzed to diacyglycerol (DAG) then to monoacylglycerol(MAG) and finally to glycerol. Water, in its subcritical state, can be used as both a solvent and reactant for the hydrolysis of triglycerides. subcritical water (150℃<T<370℃,0.4<p<22Mpa) can act as an acid or base catalyst. To investigate milder reaction conditions, in this study, waste cooking oil and fresh soybean oils will be hydrolyzed to free fatty acids with deionized water under SC CO2 medium in a batch reactor. Effects of the reaction temperature, time and solvent to feed ratio on FFA in the hydroysis at equilibrium will also observed for optimum conversion of oil. The reaction products will be analyzed by acid-base titration, GC FID and HPLC.

2010년 기준 온실가스 발생을 10% 저감하기 위해서는 11조원 이상의 비용이 발생할 것으로 추정하고 있다. 이러한 기후변화협약의 후속조치로 이산화탄소 배출저감을 위해 노력하고 있으며 장기적으로 에너지절약기술 추진, 청정에너지 이용확대, 첨단 환경기술개발, 이산화탄소 흡수원 확대 및 차세대 에너지 기술개발을 통하여 이산화탄소 배출을 줄이기 위한 혁신적인 계획을 제시하고 있다. 또한 저효율 에너지기기의 보급 확대, 대체연료 개발의 가속화, 풍력 및 태양광 발전의 개발, 메탄가스의 연료화 기술 및 장치개발 등이 거론되고 있으나, 이러한 기술접목에 따른 구체적인 이산화탄소 저감대책에 대한 환경적인 평가 등이 제대로 수립되지 못한 실정이다. 최근 정부에서도 저탄소 녹생성장을 국가의 추진동력으로 생각하고 있으며 이를 구체화하기 위한 일환으로 녹색마을 600개 시범사업 등을 통해서 저탄소 녹색도시를 그 대책의 일환으로 추진하고 있다. 이에 따라 국내 신재생에너지 기술개발도 기후변화협약에 대한 장기적인 대책으로 연구개발을 추진할 필요성이 있으며, 대체에너지 기술개발 등 기후변화협약에 능동적으로 대처할 수 있는 대응책이 필요하다. 이러한 상황에 대비하고 저탄소 녹색마을을 제도적으로 보급하기 위해서는 주민들에게 유효 에너지단위당 방출되는 온실효과 유발가스를 양으로 환산하여 에너지기술과 시스템을 비교하고 우열을 가릴 수 있도록 하는 새로운 저탄소녹색마을 기본설계방안을 연구 방안으로 강구되어야 할 것이다. 이러한 바이오매스를 적절히 에너지로 전환하는 경우 산업 및 농업시설에서의 냉난방용 에너지원으로, 더 나아가서는 녹색 마을단위의 에너지원으로 활용하여 농업생산력의 제고 및 국가차원의 대체에너지개발 및 온실가스 감축의 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것이다. 그러므로 저탄소 녹색도시의 성패는 신재생에너지 기술과 그 기술을 녹색마을에 어떻게 접목하는 가가 중요한 이슈가 될 것이다. 그 중에서도 바이오에너지의 경우는 녹색마을에서 쉽게 접목이 가능하고 이를 통해서 탄소중립소재를 활용하여 현재 사용하고 에너지원에서 발생하는 CO₂ 배출량을 저감할 수 있는 방안으로 바이오에너지별 적용하고 져 한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 경기도내에서 발생하는 바이오매스인 임산폐기물 및 축분 등의 바이오에너지원과 태양열 및 지열을 이용하여 전과정적으로 CO₂발생량을 계산하고 이를 저탄소 녹색마을에 적용하는 데 있다. 이를 위하여 경기도내 P 도시의 년 CO₂발생량을 산정하고 이를 토대로 바이오매스를 재활용한 대체에너지 등의 기술적용을 통하여 실제 CO₂배출량을 저감할 수 있는 방안의 일환으로 연구를 시도하는 것이다.

초임계 미분탄(SPC; Supercritical Pulverized Coal) 보일러 발전공정을 대체하는 미래 신발전 공정의 하나로 가스화 복합발전공정(IGCC;Integrated Gasification and Combined Cycle)이 주목 받고 있다. IGCC 공정은 SPC 보일러 발전공정과 비교하여 높은 초기 투자비가 문제가 되지만 발전분야에서 문제로 지목되고 있는 지구온난화 가스인 이산화탄소 포집을 하는 경우 유리한 발전 방식으로 알려져 있다. MIT에서 발표된 자료에 따르면 SPC 발전방식과 IGCC 발전 방식에서 이산화탄소를 포집하는 경우의 발전효율 저감은 각각 9.2% P와 7.2% P로 이산화탄소 포집공정을 연계하는 경우 IGCC 공정이 미래 발전시장에서 우위를 점할 수 있을 것으로 예상하고 있다. IGCC 공정에서 이산화탄소의 포집은 가스화 기에서 만들어진 합성가스 중 일산화탄소(CO)를 수성가스전환(WGS;Water Gas Shift) 반응을 거쳐 이산화탄소(CO₂)로 전환하고 이를 연소기에 공급하기 전에 발전공정에서 제거하게 되며, 이런 이유로 이 공정을 연소 전 CO₂ 포집공정이라고도 부른다. 연소 전 이산화탄소 포집공정은 처리대상가스 중 이산화탄소의 분압이 높고 전체 공정이 고압에서 운전되기 때문에 화학흡수제보다 Henry의 법칙이 적용되는 물리흡수제를 이용하는 공정이 권장되고 있다. 현재까지 화학공정에서 이산화탄소를 분리하기 위한 몇 가지 이산화탄소 분리공정이 개발되어 적용되고 있으나 IGCC 공정에 최적화된 상용 규모의 공정은 제안되어 있지 않다. 본 한국전력공사 전력연구원에서는 2012년부터 위와 같은 기술적 요구와 필요에 대응하기 위해 IGCC 공정에 적용 가능 한 연소 전 습식 이산화탄소 포집기술 확보를 위한 연구개발에 착수하였으며 현재 IGCC에 적용가능한 흡수제의 개발과 이산화탄소 포집 최적공정에 대한 검토를 진행 중이다. 본 논문에서는 최적공정에 대한 검토를 위해 100 MWe 규모의 전력을 생산하는 IGCC 공정에 적용 가능한 이산화탄소 흡수 공정 5개를 AspenPlus를 이용하여 모델링하여 공정의 최적화를 수행하고 이를 통해 얻어진 결과로부터 각 공정의 주요 공정인자들과 주요설비인 흡수탑의 크기와 공정별 에너지 사용량을 비교 하였다. 검토된 공정은 물리흡수공정으로 Selexol, Rectisol, 및 Purisol 공정이 선정되었으며 화학흡수공정과의 비교를 위하여 연소 후 공정에서 널리 쓰이는 대표적 amine 공정인 aMDEA 공정과 물리 및 화학흡수제가 혼합사용되는 Sulfinol 공정이 함께 검토되었다. 각 공정의 주요 공정인자로는 Rectisol 공정의 흡수제 순환량이 Selexol 공정 등 다른 공정에 비해 1.2 이하로 작게 나타났으나 흡수제 손실량은 약 10배 이상 큰 것으로 평가되었다. 또한 흡수탑의 크기 면에서는 aMDEA 공정이 가장 유리한 것으로 평가되었으나 에너지 사용량의 측면에서 화학 흡수공정이 2 ~ 5 배정도 큰 것으로 나타나 운영비가 상대적으로 높게 될 것으로 평가 되었다. 본 연구를 통해 연소 전 CO₂ 포집공정 들의 설계 및 운영 기초자료를 확보하였으며 계속해서 공정의 경제성 및 신뢰성 등의 평가를 통해 최적공정을 선정해 갈 예정이다.