본 연구는 자생 벌개미취를 이용하여 다양한 토양에 오염된 중금속의 정화 가능성을 분석하기 위하여 시행되었다. 중금속으로 오염된 논, 밭 및 수림지에 벌개미취를 식재하여 8주간 재배한 후 생육 및 중금속 흡수능을 분석하였다. 벌개미취는 중금속으로 오염된 논, 밭 및 수림지에서 8주 동안 재배한 결과 벌개미취는 중금속 오염 토양에서도 생육이 우수한 것으로 나타나 중금속 내성이 있는 것으로 생각되었다. 또한 중금속에 오염된 다양한 토양에서 벌개미취가 흡수한 비소, 카드뮴, 구리, 납 및 아연의 함량을 분석한 결과, 벌개미취는 5종의 중금속을 모두 흡수하는 것으로 나타났으나, 토양 내 중금속의 함량 및 토성에 따라 흡수능이 각기 다르게 나타났다. 비소, 카드뮴 및 구리의 경우에는 토양 내 중금속 함량에 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났으며, 토양 내 중금속의 함량이 높을수록 흡수능이 증가되었다. 납은 토양 내 중금속의 함량 보다는 토성에 의하여 흡수능이 달라지는 경향을 보였으며, 사질토인 수림지에서 흡수능이 가장 증가되었다. 아연의 흡수능은 토양 내 아연의 함량과 토성이 모두 영향을 미쳤는데, 고농도의 중금속으로 오염된 논과 밭에서 재배하였을 때 아연의 흡수능이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 연구의 결과, 벌개미취는 중금속에 대한 내성이 있으며, 다양한 중금속에 대한 흡수능이 우수하므로 중금속으로 오염된 여러 종류의 토양에 적용 가능한 경관식물 소재로 이용할 수 있을 것으로 생각되었다.

극한기상재해가 빈번히 발생함에 따라 종래 시설물중심의 구조적 대책에 더하여 비구조적 대책을 병행한 종합적인 도시방재대책이 강조되고 있다. 이 연구는 도시계획을 통한 도시침수방재대책의 적용 가능성에 대한 기초연구로서 토지이용과 침수피해지역 간의 관계를 횡단면 통계 분석하였다. 서울시의 2010년 9월 및 2011년 7월 당시 침수피해를 사례로 하였고, 분석단위는 239개 배수분구이며, 배수분구별 침수면적을 당해 배수분구의 강우량(시간당 최대강우량, 1일 최대강우량), 토지이용특성, 배수시설용량(하수관거밀도, 통수능 부족관거비율)을 나타내는 변수들을 동원하여 관계성을 분석하였다. 특히 우수유출에 영향을 미치는 토지이용의 차원을 입지(하천홍수위 및 하상고 대비 저지대 비율, 저경사 지역비율, 지형습윤지수), 밀도(건폐면적률), 용도구성(토지용도별 구성비, 토지이용 혼합도), 토지피복(불투수율, CN값) 등으로 구분하여 그에 상응한 변수들을 동원하였다. 관계분석을 위한 통계모형으로 회귀분석모형을 적용하였는데, 침수피해가 없다고 기록된 배수분구가 상당 부분 차지하는 문제를 고려하기 위하여 OLS 회귀모형뿐만 아니라 Censored(Tobit) 모형, Ordinal Logistic 모형 등 다양한 회귀분석모형을 적용·비교하였다. 분석 결과, 서울시 배수분구별 침수지역 분포에 영향을 미치는 요인은 2010년 9월 침수피해에 대해서는 시간당 최대 강우량, 하천 하상고 이하 지역 비율, 경사 2% 미만 지역 비율, 주거·상업혼재지역 비율 등이 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 나타났으며, 2011년 7월 침수피해에 대해서는 시간당 최대강우량, 하천 하상고 이하 지역 비율, 경사 2% 미만 지역 비율, 상업·업무지역 비율, 불투수 토지피복 비율 등으로 나타났다. 배수시설용량과 관련된 변수들은 변수선별과정에서 제척되었고, 통계적 유의성이 약하였다. 따라서 도시지역 침수피해 예방을 위해서는 과도한 저지대 개발을 제어할 필요가 있고, 상업·업무지역 내지 주거·상업혼재지역을 중심으로 불투수층을 줄여 유출을 최소화하는 계획적 방안이 필요함을 시사하였다. 한편, 통계모형에서 강우량(시간당 최대) 변수는 침수지역 분포를 설명하는데 가장 영향력이 큰 변수인 것으로 나타나, 기후변화에 따른 극한기상에 대해 보다 적극적으로 대처할 필요가 있음을 시사하였다.

This study aims at suggesting the attributes and limitations of each methods through the evaluation of the verified analysis results, so that it will be possible to select an efficient method that may be applied to assess the green coverage ratio. Green coverage areas of each sites subject to this study were assessed utilizing the following four methods. First, assessment of green coverage area through direct planimetry of satellite images. Second, assessment of green coverage area using land cover map. Third, assessment of green coverage area utilizing the band value in satellite images. Forth, assessment of green coverage area using and land cover map and reference materials. For this study, four urban zones of the City of Seosan in Chungcheongnam-do. As a result, this study show that the best calculation method is the one that combines the merits of first and second methods. This method is expected to be suitable for application in research sites of middle size and above. It is also deemed that it will be possible to apply this method in researches of wide area, such as setting up master plans for parks and green zones established by each local self-government organizations.

This paper investigates teaching The Waste Land to both undergraduate and graduate students at Andong National University in Korea from personal and pedagogical perspectives. First of all, the correct translation of the original text into Korean Language is very crucial in the appreciation of T. S. Eliot’s modernist masterpiece. Incorrectly translated words or phrases by several prominent translators are noted and the correct or more appropriate translations are thoroughly indicated. The poem’s theme that immoral sexuality is death is explored mainly by biographical and mythological-archetypal criticism. In addition to the Tarot cards, quite a lot of pictures I took in such places as London, Kew, Starnbergersee, Hofgarten, Lac Léman, Vienna, etc mentioned in The Waste Land are used to enhance the pedagogical effect. Furthermore, my blog entitled “Flowers, Nature, Travel, and Poetry” (http://blog.paran.com/blueskyflowers) in Korean and the cassette tape, video and DVD containing T. S. Eliot’s voice and vision are also strongly recommended for this purpose.

is paper tries to identify the deep meaning beneath the seemingly chaotic opposites the surface structure of the poem seems to insinuate. The fact is that The Waste Land is not so much a post-modern poem as a pre-modern one, provided we acknowledge that pre-modernity has trust as its hermeneutical principle. The Waste Land can be compared with Hopkins’ “God’s Grandeur”, which uses resurrection epistemology, as opposed to the extinct immanent epistemology, to demonstrate to the intellects the providence of God revealed in their lives and their environment. Like the resurrection epistemology of the 19th century, Eliot’s poem demonstrates the existence and working of God among themselves, in spite of the negativity of death and unreality prevalent in the modern world. Broadly speaking, modern scholarships of T. S. Eliot have been made with special reference to post-modern poetry, since there appear a lot of opposites in his poem. Appended for the explanation of the poem, “Notes” to The Waste Land use the languages of philology and impressionism in an exclusively confusing way, twisting the reading of the text into a worse confusion, with the result that it does not shed any light on the explanation of the poem. Chapman’s theory of doubleness the poet frequently resorts to in the making of his poetic works, points to the specific perspective beyond the ambiguity and chaos prevailing in the poem. Special reading strategy is in dire need for the right understanding of the text. Every reader approaching his text must retain the hermeneutics of trust, which is the “leap of faith.” With the hermeneutics of trust, every reader can penetrate into “the third” in the text, which can be identified as Jesus Christ whom the disciples met on the way to Emmaus. Without proper reader’s response, the reading practice itself would be futile and unreal, because the subjects it tackles are concerned aboutthe great proposition, salvation.

This study was conducted to be used as basic data of environmental friendly construction planning by comparing and analyzing thermal environment, find particles and biotope area rate according to land cover types of outside space of schools located in Chung-ju. When meteorological factors were analyzed according to land cover types, for temperature planting area and paved area showed low-and high-temperature ranges, respectively, and relative humidity was negatively related with temperature as low-and high-temperature ranges corresponded to high-and low-humidity ranges, respectively. For Wet Bulb Globe Temperature Index (WBGT) by land cover types, it was observed to be artificial grass> bare land> natural grass. Find particles were different according to land cover types of playground with being bare land> artificial grass> natural grass in the order. Bare land playground, where there were artificial factors and no absorption of fine particles through stomata of leaves as a function of natural circulation, recorded the highest level of 39.8 ㎍/㎥ and the level was relatively higher compared to the levels by season in Chung-ju. Biotope area rate showed the order of M elementary school> K elementary school> C commercial high school. That was considered to be caused by the difference of land cover type of school playground accounting for a large part of a school.

T. S. Eliot uses many biblical passages throughout his poetry. Although he changed his faith from the Unitarian church to the Anglican Catholic church in 1927, he extensively uses the Bible to extend poetic significance of his poems. Before he converted into an Anglican Catholic, he mainly incorporates biblical text into his poetry to strengthen religious authority. One of the most important poems in which he poeticizes biblical text is “The Burial of the Dead” of The Waste Land. In The Waste Land, Eliot consistently mixes the prophetic messages of Isaiah, Ezekiel, Ecclesiastes, and John to achieve relative interpretation in “The Burial of the Dead.” However, he does not follow traditional, universal, and absolute interpretations of the Bible in the context of his poetic theme. Rather, he takes biblical text as one of many pluralistic religious poetics. In this sense, his biblical interpretation is plural, relative, and flexible. By using a pluralistic interpretation of the Bible, he extends his poetry into more mythic, philosophic, universal, and religious authority.

It is well known that Eliot’s The Waste Land resulted from the collaboration between Eliot and Pound; however, what Pound had done in the making of the poem has been unknown until 1968 when the manuscript of the poem was found at the New York Public Library. Valerie published the Facsimile version with the photocopied original typescripts, which has contributed our understading of the collaboration between Eliot and Pound, and Pound’s contribution to the making of this poem. Pound suggested many revisions in the manuscript, but it seems that he refrained from forcing Eliot to accept his suggestions. Eliot must have realized what Pound had suggested would have made his poem more compact and precise in diction and would also refine the meaning of the poem. Though he was ready to incorporate some Pound’s suggestions and emendations, Eliot did not accept all of his suggestions; had he incorporated these rejected suggestions, his motif and diction would have been weakened and rendered unclear and ineffective; Eliot surely knew his own poem better than anyone, including Pound; there must have been things Pound could not fully grasp. The Waste Land is a fruit of a remarkable cooperation between the two great master poets of the last century, Eliot and Pound.

Land cover and land use change data are important in many studies including climate change and hydrological studies. Although the various theories and models have been developed, it is difficult to identify the driving factors of the land use change because land use change is related to policy options and natural and socio-economic conditions. This study is to attempt to simulate the land cover change using the CLUE model based on a statistical analysis of land-use change. CLUE model has dynamic modeling tools from the competition among land use change in between driving force and land use, so that this model depends on statistical relations between land use change and driving factors. In this study, Yongin, Icheon and Anseong were selected for the study areas, and binary logistic regression and factor analysis were performed verifying with ROC curve. Land cover probability map was also prepared to compare with the land cover data and higher probability areas are well matched with the present land cover demonstrating CLUE model applicability.

본 연구는 한중 열차페리와 한일 해저터널이 대륙횡단철도 및 아시안 하이웨이와 연계되는 상황을 가정하여 이들 사업이 우리나라 국토공간에 미치는 파급효과를 파악하는 것이 목적이다. 연구결과 연계 시 국토공간에 미치는 영향은 긍정적인 것으로 도출되었다. 부분적인 결과를 볼 때 모든 지역이 동일한 결과를 나타내는 것은 아니고, 중국의 환황해권은 기존의 해상경로가 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났고, 이외 지역은 연계될 시 그 효과가 더 좋은 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구는 구체적으로 연구되지 못한 연구분야의 연구 시발점이라는 점에서, 후속연구와 관심을 위한 기초자료가 될 수 있다는 점에 큰 의의를 가진다. 또한 대규모 인프라 연계사업이 국토공간내 연계에 따른 파급의 규모, 영향권 변화, 균형발전의 기여정도를 네트워크를 구축해 구체적으로 분석하고 정책적 제언을 시도한 점에서 학문적 기여가 있다고 사료된다.

Actual evapotranspiration (AET) in the Suyeong-gu was estimated and correlations between AET and meteorological factors were analyzed. The study area was Suyeong-gu lay at the east longitude 129° 05′40″∼ 129° 08′08″ and north latitude 35° 07′59″∼ 35° 11′01″. The Kumryun mountain, the Bae mountain, the Suyeong river and the Suyeong bay are located on west, north, northeaster and south side in the study area, respectively. AET was estimated using precipitation (P), potential evapotranspiration (PET) and plant-available water coefficient. Meteorological factors to estimate PET were air temperature, dewpoint temperature, atmospheric pressure, duration of sunshine and mean wind speed (MWS). PET and AET were estimated by a method of Allen et al. (1998) and Zhang et al. (2001), respectively. PET was the highest value (564.45 mm/yr) in 2002 year, while it was the lowest value (449.95 mm/yr) in 2003 year. AET was estimated highest value (554.14 mm/yr) in 2002 year and lowest value (427.91 mm/yr) in 2003 year. Variations of PET and AET were similar. The linear regression function of AET as PET using monthly data was and coefficient of determination was high, 0.75. In order to analyze relationship between the evapotranspiration and meteorological factors, correlation analysis using monthly data were accomplished. Correlation coefficient of AET-PET was 0.96 high, but they of AET-P and PET-P were very low. Correlation coefficients of AET-MWS and PET-MWS were 0.67 and 0.73, respectively. Thus, correlation between evapotranspiration and MWS was the highest among meteorological factors in Suyong-gu. This means that meteorological factor to powerfully effect for the variation of evapotranspiration was MWS. The linear regression function of AET as MWS was and coefficient of determination was 0.54. The linear regression function of PET as MWS was and coefficient of determination was 0.45.

The present study explores time and spatial thermal environment for Daegu, which is a city built on a basin area, according to varying land cover conditions of the earth's surface by analyzing data derived from meteorological observation and satellite images. The study has classified land use by utilizing MODIS satellite images and analyzed land surface temperature. Also, by using data acquired from automatic weather system, the study has evaluated the effects of atmospheric heating caused by city pavements by analyzing the sensible heat flux between the city's land surface and the atmosphere.The results are as follows. 1) Classification of land use in the Daegu area shows 46.64% of urban and built-up area, 1.39% of watersides, 35.19% of forest, 11.43% of crops, and 5.37% grasslands. 2) During the weekdays throughout the year, the land surface temperature was high for Dalseogu, Bukgu, and Seogu regions where industrial complexes could be found. Comparatively, lower temperature could be observed in the woodlands. 3) While the land surface temperature displayed the effects of pushing air upwards during the weekdays in urban areas, the reverse was true for forest regions. During the night, the temperature did not exert any significant influence on air movement.

서남부 간척지에서의 고품질 쌀 생산을 위한 생태형별 적정 이앙시기를 구명하고자 2002년부터 2004년까지 호남농업연구소 계화도출장소 시험포장 문포통(세사양토, 토양 염농도 0.1%)에서 운광벼, 고품벼, 삼광벼, 신동진벼, 청호벼, 호평벼를 공시하여 이앙시기별 벼 생육, 수량구성요소, 수량 및 품질 관련형질을 검토한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 단위면적당 영화수는 생태형에 관계없이 5월 20일 이앙에서 가장 적고 그 이후 이앙에서는 일반적으로 비슷한 경향을 보였다. 2. 중만생인 호평벼는 등숙비율이 5월 20일 이앙에서 높았으나, 기타 품종들은 6월 1일 이후 이앙에서 높았다. 3. 완전미 비율은 이앙시기간에 일반적으로 이앙시기가 늦어짐에 따라 높아지는 경향을 보였으며, 단백질함량은 운광벼 및 삼광벼는 조기 이앙에서, 고품벼, 신동진벼 및 청호벼는 만기 이앙에서 높은 경향이었으나 호평벼는 이앙기간에 뚜렷한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 4. 완전미 수량은 운광벼, 신동진벼, 호평벼는 6월 10일과 6월 20일 이앙에서 높고 삼광벼 및 청호벼는 6월 1일과 6월 20일 이앙에서 높았다. 5. 따라서 완전미 수량, 등숙비율, 미질 등을 고려한 이앙적기는 중만생종인 삼광벼, 청호벼, 호평벼는 6월 1일, 조생종인 운광벼와 중만생종인 신동진벼은 6월 10일로 판단된다.

The purpose of this study was to identify soil physical characteristics as guideline for high yield potential inginseng cultivated field which produced 6 years root. Harvest yields of ginseng to be divided by parent rock was in order ofphyllite and red shale 3.1㎏/3.3㎡ > granite and gneiss·schist 3.0㎏ > basalt 2.6㎏ > porphyry 2.2㎏ in upland and forestsoil. Also, with classified by topography, it was in order of foot slope and alluvial fan 3.2㎏/3.3㎡ > valley 3.0㎏ > low hill2.9㎏ > hill, lave flow and dilluvial terrace 2.8㎏ in survey tilth. Class determination of soil texture, it was in order of sandyloam 3.1㎏/3.3㎡ > loam and silt loam 3.0㎏ > clay loam 2.9㎏ > silt clay loam 2.8㎏ in survey tilth. Slope condition offarming land, in case of sloping (2~7%), it was 3.1㎏/3.3㎡ but deep sloping (15~30%) caused decreasing harvest yield. Indrainage classes (excessively, well and moderately well), there was no significantly different in harvest yields. Relationshipbetween harvest yield and soil series, Production sites as yielding 3.0㎏/3.3㎡ were seven sites, also it was contained 14 soilseries. Production sites as yielding 2.5~3.0㎏/3.3㎡ were eleven sites, it was contained 16 soil series. Production sites asyielding 2.0~2.5㎏/3.3㎡ were 10 sites, it was contained 4 soil series.

T. S. Eliot’s grumbling voice of desire is echoed in his poem, The WaSle Land, in terms of hypertext structure and its 10gica1 form. He might call it 피npersona1ity" or “objective corre1ative’‘ in a sense of poetics. 11 is noted that the poem goes beyond an aesthetic structure as seen in print 1iterature: succeeding ideas, deve10ping metaphors and metonymy and words functioning to deve10p a coherent and strong structure in terms of cyber 1iterature. This can be called hypertext poetry (hyper poetry) or hypertext poetics and we can see from the hyper structure and form of the poem hierarchica1 text(s) in a 10gic of metaphor signifying desire. Putting together the cyber nodes, which appear by clicking and a1so alluding to human desire, we can find the source in the internet web, app1ying the re1evant theme from lhe source to newer 1iterary works. The virtua1 rea1ily in the hypertextua1 poem is perceived to be fl비1 of Greek satyr images signifying improper behavior, degradation and mutation, not 10ve or beauty. In so doing, E1iot persistent1y and carefully arranges many symbo1ic personas in tradition, mytho10gy, and art by grave ironies and absurdities of 1ife. In a sense of hyper poetη， E1iot uses such personas with desire, or in anima, to constru띠 hypertextua1ity as a way of characterizing textua1 behavior to 1et us 삐nk about the re1ationship between the poem and hypertext c비ture. E1iot focuses on the technica1 structure of arrangement within the texl, Ihe 1inkages and points of connection between and within its different 1ines, sty1es, and entire fragments This paper examines the intemet sites of the poem to consider E1iot an arranger, comp비er programmer, and inlemel sile organizer in lerms of bypertextuality. He becomes a precursor for cyber lileralure, especialJy hyper poelry in conlrasl 10 James Joyce‘5 hyperlexl narralive, Ulysses. Consequenlly, the cyber links look veη knowledgeable, Ihus taking hold of bOlh alJusions as a lilerary device, and hypertext as a study device. 80th work in such a way tbat each reaches its f1비I potenlial, making Eliot's text more widely readable with alJ of ils connotations, and glvlng us a belter opportunity to study and undersland its form and meaning.

Since Jeju island has depended a water resource on the underground water because of a poor development of the surface flow, Jeju island is in need of the surface resource development to prevent the future shortage of the underground water due to excessive development and use of it. The study shows that the SWAT model(continuous rainfall-runoff model) is applied to estimate the outflow in the drainage watershed area, where it has been urbanized through the change of the land, such as a tourism development, cultivation, housing, and impervious layer road development. Near Oaedo watershed area in Jeju island, weather and topographical SWAT input data were collected, and compared the outflow change of past and present.

It may be said that a farmer's crisis deepens from the number of farm households and a trend of the number of cultivated land of the farmer attracting attention for the most fundamental numerical value of the Census of Agriculture 2005. A rate of decline of number of farm households seems to have been stopped, but expansion lasts a number of farm households rate of decline. I can, so to speak, watch weakening of flatland area and luck of mountainous areas and a situation to say if I look in that according to classification agricultural area. I can nominate the effect of a direct payment system for farmers in hilly and mountainous areas enforced in 2000 for the background. It is located in case of the policy introduced preceding it while the rural community and the community including the urban area being paid attention as the last resort of a regional reproduction now. In particular, the character as the village activation subsidy has been strengthened in case of the 2nd stage institutional revise.

The purpose of this study is to build Island biogeography in the basic concept of landscape ecology in South Korea by draw relationship between the species side of quantitative habitats and forest area surveyed in the national database based on investigation of the 2nd natural environment. In addition, try to present criterion of habitats character category after understanding habitats character of emergence area side of quality habitats based on the type of formatting. Species and forest area relationship analyzed using correlation analysis and simple regression analysis. Also habitat character limited composition ratio of neighboring land cover and analyzed using hierarchical cluster analysis to classify type of habitat. As a result, we found that forest area is correlated with number of species, forests which is bigger than 100ha are more important of increase in species' population. And according to land cover composition ratio, bird's classified types of forest inner species, forest edge species, forest outer species and mammal's classified types of forest inner species, forest general species, forest edge species. We suggest that study of species-forest area relationship and emergence habitat character be used as some management plans of species' conservation, protection and restoration.

A study on vegetation in the Mangyeong River and Dongjin River basins and the surrounding regions of the Saemangeum Reclaimed Land was conducted in a series of efforts to determine the expected ecological changes in the salt marshes, to restore their vegetation, to explore the restoring force of halophyte, to examine the community mechanism and, ultimately, to rehabilitate marshy land vegetation along the lakeside, coastal dune and salt marshes of the Saemangeum Project Area. The findings of the study may be summed up as follows: Five species such as Suaeda japonica, Salicornia herbacea, Atriplex gmelini, Aster tripolium and Suaeda asparagoides that are mostly distributed in the estuary of the Saemangeum Reclaimed Land were analyzed to examine the mechanism of halophyte to maintain their community. To find out the strategies of plants for survival and the cause of forming community structure, a research was made as for appearance ratio of biomass, root lengths and germination. With regard to biomasses of halophyte, the biomass of Suaeda japonica increases rapidly, while Salicornia herbacea adopts a strategy of unstable growth pattern by which the biomass increases slowly in parallel with its slow speed of growth since initial appearance of young sapling. In contrast, Suaeda asparagoides, Atriplex gmelini and Aster tripolium choose to adapt themselves to environment promptly by being transformed into life form of annual or biennial plant, a pattern that is presumed to be favorable and stable for survival in the later stage of growth. In short, there is a sharp distinction among the 5 species: i.e. Suaeda japonica that begins to grow fast in the length of surface and underground section but slows down from the mid-stage on; Salicornia herbacea that grows slowly in the beginning step but starts to step up from the middle onward; Atriplex gmelini and Aster tripolium growing slowly in the initial stage but fast later on; and Suaeda asparagoides that turns from the constant growth in the beginning to rapid growth in the later period. The outcomes of the analysis into status of growth and influencing factors of Suaeda japonica in the sowing field that is most widely prevalent in the Saemangeum Reclaimed Land as a sort of ecological pioneer in the salt marshes showed that the average size of grass lands, density and number of individuals increase in the natural sowing field as well as in the plowing field regardless of their physical as well as physico-chemical features of the soil as the season progresses from June to October of a year.