Vibration measurements were conducted before and after the experiment of static loading test for soil-wall in wooden structures. As a result, natural period was changed depending on the damage of soil-wall. Accordingly, the damage assessment was carried out using each specimen strength degradation and the dynamic characteristics.

This paper presents the image processing technique for analyzing quantitatively air voids in paste. From the test, the performance of proposed technique was verified.

In this paper, neural network technique(NNT) is applied to estimation of chloride diffusion coefficient, which has been used for strength evaluation and concrete mixing design. Rapid chloride diffusion test is performed for concrete with 3 different w/c ratios (0.37, 0.42, and 0.47) and various mineral admixtures such as GGBFS, FA and SF. Regarding 120 obtained diffusion coefficients, NNT is applied and diffusion coefficients are simulated. Utilizing the technique, chloride behavior in concrete is evaluated through FE model based on Multi-Component Hydration Model and Micro Pore Structure Formation Model. The simulated results are verified with the previous test results which have been exposed to sea water for 6 months.

In this study, one of nondestructive evaluation (NDE)　techniques for the effective maintenance of underwater concrete structures are investigated: Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Method and Rebound hardness Test. Currently, lots of ROV(Romotely Operated Vehicle) Systems to inspection Underwater Concrete Structures are being considered.

This paper presents estimation of stiffness parameter on floating structure using dynamic properties such as mode shapes and natural frequencies. The stiffness parameter of the floating structure was estimated via system identification technique.

A noncontact nondestructive testing(NDT) method is proposed to detect the damage of plate-like structures and to identify the location of the damage. To achieve this goal, a scanning laser source actuation technique is utilized to generate a guided wave and scans a specific area to find damage location more precisely. The ND: YAG pulsed laser is used to generate Lamb wave and a piezoelectric sensor are installed to measure the structural responses. The measured responses are analyzed using 3 dimensional Fourier transformation. The damage-sensitive features are extracted by wavenumber filtering based on the 3D FT. Then, flaw imaging techniques of a plate-like structure is conducted using the damage-sensitive features. Finally, the plates with notches are investigated to verify the effectiveness and the robustness of the proposed NDT approach.

본 논문에서는, 자이로스코프를 이용한 각속도 계측과 가속도계를 통한 가속도 계측을 통해, 기존 의 가속도 계측만을 통한 교량구조물의 건전성평가의 단점을 극복하고자 한다. 교량의 경우, 지점 부근에서는 각속도 변화가 큰 반면, 중앙경간으로 갈수록 그 값은 작아지고, 가속도 변화가 크게 발생한다. 이러한 교량의 거동 특성을 통해 가속도 계측을 통한 건전성 평가에서 간과할 수 있는 지점 부근의 손상을 지점 부근에서 계측된 각속도를 이용해 보상하는 방법이다. 즉, 가속도 계측치를 이용하여 구조물의 모드유연도 행렬을 구성하고, 이를 이용하여 일차적인 손상진단을 수행한다. 추가 적으로 지점부근의 각속도 계측을 이용해 얻어진 회전 모드유연도 행렬을 이용하여 지점부근에서의 손상진단을 수행한다. 제안된 방법의 검증을 위해서 단순보를 이용한 수치해석을 수행했다. 중앙 부근의 손상과 지점 부근의 손상을 모사하였으며, 제안된 방법의 우수성 검증을 위해 가속도 계측만 을 통한 결과와 이종 데이터 계측을 통한 결과에 대한 비교연구를 수행했다.

Steel cables are frequently used for various infrastructures. Especially the steel cables in long span bridges are critical members Damage at cable members can occur in the form of cross sectional loss caused by corrosion and fracture. Therefore, NDE of steel cable is needed to measure the cross-sectional damage. In this study, Total Magnetic Flux sensor system was applied to monitor the condition of cables. This system measures total magnetic flux to detect the loss of metallic cross section area(LMA) of steel cable. To verify the feasibility of this study, 2 types of steel bar were fabricated and their output values measured by the search coil in total flux sensor.

Ultrasonic tests were carried out to establish the measurement conditions. As a result, the exponential transducer with 54㎑ and elastomer cover which were not nearly influenced by surface roughness were the most suitable for diagnosis of stone cultural heritages. In addition, the correction factors for indirect measurement were calculated as 1.52 for granite, 1.58 for quartz diorite, 1.38 for gabbro, 1.62 for sandstone and 1.69 for limestone. Based on the ultrasonic measurement conditions and the calculation methode of weathering index, the weathering degree of four Korean stone cultural heritages were evaluated. As a result, Sungnyemun stone block foundation was determined as the weakest heritage in relative and absolute weathering index

In this study, an MFL(Magnetic Flux Leakage)-based NDT(non-destructive test) method was applied to detect the inner damages of steel cable. A steel cable bunch specimen with several types of inner damage was fabricated and scanned by a MFL sensor head to measure the magnetic flux density of the specimen.the measured magnetic flux signal was visualized into a 3D MFL image for convenient cable monitoring. Finally, the results were compared with information on actual inflicted damages to confirm the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed cable monitoring method.

본 논문에서는, 모드유연도 행렬 기반의 손상추정 방법으로 제안된 normalized uniform load surface curvature (NULSC) 방법을 수치 해석 및 실험을 통해 검증하고자 한다. 기존의 모드유연도 행렬 기반 의 손상 추정 방법의 경우 구조물 응답의 크기가 작은 지점부 부근이나 모멘트 변화가 작은 지점에서 손상 추정에 어려움이 있다. 제안된 손상추정 방법은 기존의 손상 추정 방법인 ULS curvature 방법에 정규화 기법을 도입하여 손상 추정이 어려웠던 구조물의 지점부나 모멘트 변화가 작은 지점의 손상 추정이 가능하다. 제안된 손상 추정 방법은 단순보를 이용한 수치해석을 검증되었다. 단순보 모형을 이용하여 실내실험을 통해 제안된 방법을 검증하였다. 단순보의 단면 변화를 통해 단일 손상과 다중 손상을 모사했고 제안된 방법이 기존의 방법에 대해 손상을 민감하게 추정 하는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다.

Photogrammetry technique was applied to estimate the amount of recyclable waste paper from an apartment complex. Photos were taken to calculate pile volume of waste paper, and at the same time the weight of separated recyclable waste paper was measured. Volume of waste paper was calculated by PhotoModeler 2012, which is commercial photogrammetry software. At least three photos were required to calculate the volume of waste paper pile. After 4 times of field measurement and volume calculation, we obtained standard density of recyclable waste paper pile. The weight of waste paper pile was estimated by multiplying the density of waste paper pile by the estimated volume of waste paper pile. As results, the density of recyclable waste paper pile from an apartment complex was 32.6 kg/m3 (standard deviation was 10.1 kg/m3), and 70.2% of man·hour was saved by using photogrammetry technique. The amount of average recyclable waste paper generation from apartment complex was 91.8 g/capita/day, and the standard deviation was 12.4 g/capita/day.

최근 초고층 및 초장대와 같은 대형 구조물들이 시공되고 있으며, 이에 대한 구조물 건전성 모니터링 기술들이 연구되고 있다. 하지만 기존의 기술들은 계측 센서의 관리와 센서로부터 계측된 데이터에 효율적으로 access하지 못하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 구조물 건전성 모니터링을 위한 증강현실 기반 센서 위치인식 및 데이터 시각화 기술을 소개한다. 모바일 디바이스에 내장된 GPS를 통하여 센서와 사용자 간의 거리를 파악하게 된다. 뿐만 아니라, 센서로부터 계측된 데이터는 위치정보시스템 서버에 저장되며, RSS방식을 통해 전송되어 사용자가 모바일 디바이스를 통해 쉽게 계측 데이터를 가시화 할 수 있게 된다. 이 기술을 이용하여 사용자는 센서의 위치인식을 통해 계측센서를 관리하고, 계측 데이터를 시각화하여 시간과 공간에 제약 없이 구조물의 건전성을 모니터링 할 수 있게 된다.

개선된 정확도 성능을 확보하기 위하여 보강 시스템을 이용한 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 네트워크 RTK는 다중 기준국의 반송파 측정치 보정정보를 이용하여 시공간 오차를 보강한 측위성능을 얻기 위한 기법으로 현재에도 꾸준히 연구되고 있다. 그러나 성능개선을 목적으로 한 알고리즘 개선안에 대한 연구는 지속적으로 연구되었지만, 무결성 확보를 위한 연구는 아직 미비하다. 본 논문에서는 네트워크 RTK에서의 무결성 확보를 위한 기초연구로 위성이상이 발생한 경우에 이상을 검출하고 이상 위성을 식별할 수 있는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 그리고 GSS7700 모델의 상용 시뮬레이터를 사용하여 오차 시나리오가 인가된 위성 신호를 생성하고, DL-V3 모델의 이중주파수용 상용 수신기를 사용하여 수신한 데이터를 사용하여 제안한 알고리즘의 이상 검출 성능을 검증하였다.

This study was carried out to select new pelleting binder and material for seeds from Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hance and Alnus sibirica Fisch. ex Turcz. The optimum treatments of the various concentrations and species of priming agents to improve seed germination of both woody medicinal plants were also estimated. Germinability was increased when the seeds of Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hance was soaked in -1.0 MPa of PEG6000 solution at 15℃ for 4 days significantly, the optimum treatment for improving germination of Alnus sibirica Fisch. ex Turcz was observed when the tested seeds was soaked in 100 mM of KCl at 15℃ for 4 days. The influence of physical and chemical properties of pelleting solid materials, the mixture of gypsum, diatomaceous earth, dalma ceramic and vermicuolite (6:1:1:1 ratio) were found as the best pelleting materials for Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hance and Alnus sibirica Fisch. ex Turcz. seeds. To satisfy the requirements of absorption and compatibility for multi-layer seed pelleting, SGPA (Starch-grafted cross-linked polyacrylates) hydrogel was prepared using starch, acrylonitrile, ceric ammonium nitrate, nitric acid, methyl alcohol and potassium hydroxide. The resulting SGPA hydrogel showed high water absorption but not plant compatibility. It suggested that seed pelleting using pelleting materials and SGPA hydrogel (multi-layer coating) after priming agent treatment is to increase germinability and seedling growth and it can reduced irrigation labours and can also save seed.

본 연구에서는 개발된 선미부에 수직날개를 부착한 선박의 조파저항성능을 예측할 수 있는 수치해석기법의 검증에 관한 것이다. 수치해석기법은 비점성 유동장 해석기법인 랜킨소오스 패널법과 와류격자법을 사용하여 개발하였으며, 자유수면 경계조건의 비선형성은 반복해법을 사용하여 만족시켰고, 선박의 트림과 침하량을 구하는 알고리즘을 포함하고 있다. 수치해석을 위한 선체표면의 패널을 생성하기 위하여 패널절단법을 사용하였다. 4000TEU 컨테이너 운반선을 대상 선박으로 하여 선미부 6개소의 서로 다른 위치에 수직날개를 부착하여 수치해석을 수행하였으며, 수치해석기법의 타당성을 검증하기 위하여 상용 점성 유동장 해석 프로그램인 FLUENT를 사용하여 선체 주위의 점성 유동장을 계산하였고, 모형시험을 수행하여 얻은 실험 결과를 수치해석 결과와 서로 비교하였다.

In this study, a MFL (Magnetic Flux Leakage) image based 3D inspection system which is incorporated into a cable climbing robot was investigated for Steel Cable NDT of Cable-stayed Bridge and Suspension Bridge. Firstly, a MFL sensor head prototype composed of two permanent magnets and eight hall sensors was designed and fabricated. A steel cable specimen with several types of damage was inflicted and scanned by the MFL sensor head to measure the magnetic flux density of the specimen. The measured MFL signals were used to interpret the healthy condition of the steel cable. For improving the resolution and quantification of the damage level, digital signal processing techniques were performed. Finally, the measured MFL signals were visualized by using 3D imaging method.

This study investigates the effect of surface coating materials on the level of resistance of concrete carbonation. For the surface coating materials, paint (Pa), waste cooking oil (WCO) and waste cooking oil + paint (WCO + Pa) were prepared and applied on the surface of concrete specimens after exposure to accelerated carbonation environment for four weeks.

The purpose of this study was to investigate yield rate of carbon fibers reinforced epoxy composites in near-critical water. A CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastic) laminate stacked with twenty layers was used and the specimens were cut in 10 × 50 mm (thickness: 4 mm) size. The CFRP sample was placed and heated within the non-stirred bath autoclave with an electric furnace. The yield percentage is calculated by the weight percentage of eliminated resin. To check the surface of carbon fiber, scanning electron microscopy was employed. The results showed that the removal percentages of weight were between 53.9% and 97.1%. The best yield was significantly increased up to 97.1% when operating in 573 K (14 MPa) condition. This research suggests an basic data to design a commercial scale recycling system or a new low cost recycling system for CFRP waste.