Sodium N-acyl N-methyl taurates were synthesized by effectual acylation of fatty acid ethyl esters C(C12~C18) and N-methyl taurine. All the surface activities including krafft point, solubility, interface tension, foaming power, lime-soap dispersing ability and detergency were measured, and cmc was evaluated in dilute aqueous solution.

The oxidation of methane was carried out in six different configurations of plasma reactors in order to study the radical reactions inside and outside of the plasma zone and to explore the method to control them. Various radicals and reactive molecules, such as CH, CH2, CH3, H, and O(from O2) were generated in the plasma. A variety of products were produced through many competing reaction pathways. Among them. partial oxidation products were usually not favored, because the intermediates leading to the partial oxidation products could be oxidized further to carbon dioxides easily. It is important to control the free radical reactions in the plasma reactor by controlling the experimental conditions so that the reactions leading to the desired products are the major pathways

The VOCs(Volatile Organic Compounds) is one of the major cause for the atmosphere pollution. Breakthrough behavior of benzene and toluene in adsorption bed packed with activated carbon was experimentally studied. Composition and temperature of the gas flowing in the bed was measured and breakthrough curves for each component was obtained. Breakthrough time of benzene was earlier than that of toluene due to relatively weak adsorptivity. The relationship between breakthrough time and flow rate was obtained. The shape of temperature change with time was dependent on the position in the bed. Temperature changed faster and sharper in the inlet than in the outlet. It was noted that breakthrough behavior could be affected by the heat transfer properties.

The relative reactivities of branched and linear polycarbonates were investigated by measuring unreacted chloroformate concentration. It was found that the polymerization for the branched polymer proceeded ca. 10 times faster than that for the linear polymers. The effect of catalyst on a condensation step was studied by changing the amount of TEA (triethylamine) at t0 and t60 with keeping constant amount of TEA. The viscosity average molecular weight for the obtained branched polycarbonates were measured and compared with those of linear polycarbonates. It was found that the viscosity molecular weights of the obtained polymers decreased nonlinearly as wt % of added oligomer increased. The solution viscosities in methylenechloride for linear and branched polycarbonate increased nonlinearly as the content of polymer increased.

Cosmetic industries have recently developed sun-block products, which are composed of W/O or O/W emulsion system. It was very difficult for waterproofing product to show the stability in W/O emulsion with TiO2. To enhance the stability of W/O emulsion, it needs to be combined with the water and oil soluble components as the gelling agents. The emulsifiers used in W/O were 3.0% of cetyl dimethicone copolyol, 2.0% of sorbitan sesquioleate as the basic emulsifiers, and 0.6% of quaternium-18 bentonite and 1.5% of dextrin palmitate as stabilizer were used. The content of titanium dioxide was optimized up to 8.0%. Titanium dioxide was used as the UV scattering powder coated with Al2O3(UV-sperse T40/TN). The sunscreen cream prepared with W/O emulsion system by using QB and DP showed higher stability than that of W/O emulsion system by using each QB and DP. W/O emulsion from Formula 3 for passing one year was very durable more than F1 and F2. Within W/O emulsion by observing F1, F2 and F3 for one year, F3 was more excellent than F2 and F3 when they were observed at RT, 4℃, 40℃, because F3 used the mixed QB and DP in W/O emulsion. The zeta potential for F1, F2, and F3 after one year were 21, 30 and 43, respectively. From these result F3 was found best stable emulsion. The in-vitro SPF value for F3 was 35 for the initial product at room temperature and also, the in-vitro SPF values of F3 was 32 for after one year. Finally, the mean in-vivo SPF value of 10 volunteers for F3 was 27.3 by the Korea cosmetic association made the rules of SPF.

Organic Electroluminescent devices(OELD) consisted of multilayer structures have been studied for the application the application to flat-panel display. Metal-chelate complexes, zinc bis(2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazolate) (Zn(BOX)2) and zinc bis(2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazolate) (Zn(BOX)2), have been intensively investigated as an white-light emitting layer and recognized to have good electroluminescent(EL) properties. In this study, (Zn(BOX)2) and (Zn(BTZ)2) were synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, UV-VIS and PL. Their EL properties were also studied and their ionization potential(IP) and electron affinity(EA) were also measured by cyclic voltammetry(CV).

ZnxFe3-xO4(0.00.<X<0.08) was synthesized by air oxidation method for the decomposition of carbon dioxide. We investigated the characteristics of catalyst, the form of methane by gas chromatograph after decomposition of carbon dioxide and kinetic parameter. ZnxFe3-xO4(0.00.<X<0.08) was spinel type structure. The surface areas of catalysts(ZnxFe3-xO4(0.00.<X<0.08)) were 15~27 m2/g. The shape of Zn0.003Fe2.997O4 was sphere. The optimum temperature for the decomposition of carbon dioxide into carbon was 350℃. Zn0.003Fe2.997O4 showed the 85% decomposition rate of carbon dioxide and the degree of reduction by hydrogen(δ) of Zn0.003Fe2.997O4 was 0.32. At 350℃, the reaction rate constant and activation energy of Zn0.003Fe2.997O3.68 for the decomposition of carbon dioxide into carbon were 3.10 psi1-α/min and 0.98 kcal/mole respectively. After the carbon dioxide was decomposed, the carbon which was absorbed on the catalyst surface was reacted with hydrogen and it became methane.

For decompose carbon dioxide, manganese oxide was synthesized with 0.25M-MnSO4·nH2O and 0.5M-NaOH by coprecipitation. We made magnetite deoxidized manganese oxide by hydrogen reduction for 1hour at 330℃. We investigated characteristics of catalyst, hydrogen reduction degree and decomposition rate of carbon dioxide. The structure of the hausmannite certified spinel type. The specific surface area of synthesized hausmannite and deoxidized hausmannite were 22.36m2/g, 33.56m2/g respectively. The decomposition rate of CO2 of deoxidized hausmannite was 57%.

Drug delivery system(DDS) applied to various fields, such as medicine, cosmetics, agriculture and necessities of life. Among these application fields, DDS is often used as the method of drug dosage into the epidermic skin. We investigated characters of transdermal therapeutic system(TTS) and the skin permeability of that with applying DDS. Chitosan was selected as material of TTS. We investigated the permeation of chitosan ointment containing drug in rat skin using horizontal membrane cell model. Permeation properties of materials were investigated for water-soluble drug such as riboflavin in vitro. We used glycerin, PEG 600 and oleic acid as enhancers. Since dermis has more content water(hydration) than the stratum corneum, skin permeation rate at steady state was highly influenced when glycerin was used in water-soluble drug. The permeation rate of content enhancer and drug was found to be faster than that of content water-soluble drug only. These results showed that skin permeation rate of drug across the composite was manly dependent on the property of ointment base and drug. Proper selection of the polymeric materials which resemble and enhance properties of the delivering drug was found to be important in controlling the skin permeation rate.

Drug delivery system(DDS) have been actively studied for the past twenty years. Dual action agents are unique chemical entities comprised of two different types of antibacterial compounds covalently linked together in a single molecule in such a way that both components are able to exert their bactericidal properties. In spite of the advent of the antibacterial agent the sulfa agents are the most widely used antibacterial agent today. In this study, new antibacterials derivative was synthesized using glutaraldehyde such as crosslinking agent for the purpose of dual-action as DDS study. Antibacterial activity of these new synthetic derivative between their structures and activities were examined by disc diffusion method. As a result, new synthetic derivative exhibited the broad antibacterial activities against Gram(+) and Gram(-) bacilli. Especially, the antibacterial effect of new synthetic derivative against Gram negative(Esherichia. coli) was much stronger than that against Gram positive.

In this study, ultra-thin films of (N-docosyl quinolinium)-TCNQ(1:2) complex were prepared on the hydrophilic substrate by Langmuir-Blodgett(LB) technique. The characteristics of π-A isotherms were studied to find optimum conditions of deposition by varying temperature of subphase, compression speed of barrier and amount of spreading solution. Using UV-vis spectra, capacitance and thickness, deposition of LB films was confirmed together with the thickness of the naturally oxidized aluminum film inside a device and dielectric constant of (N-docosyl quinolinium)-TCNQ(1:2) complex. The dielectric constant of LB film was about 4.59~5.58. The electrical properties of (N-docosyl quinolinium)-TCNQ(1:2) complex were investigated at room temperature. The conductivity of this film measured by the direction of either vertical or horizontal axis was found to have a quite different value.

The influence of the polarity of the spreading solvent on the properties of the monolayer of poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile)'s with various acrylonitrile contents was studied. The surface pressure - area isotherm and the apparent dipole moment - area isotherm were obtained and analyzed when the mixtures of methylene chloride and N-N-dimethylformamide used as spreading solvent. The isotherms were strongly influenced by the polarity of the solvent.

The catalytic hydroxylation of several cycloalkanes in dichloromethane have been investigated using In(Ⅲ)-, Tl(Ⅲ)-porphyrin complexes as a catalyst and NaClO, NaClO2, H2O2 as a terminal oxidant. Porphyrins were TPP and (F20)TPP (TPP = tetraphenylporphyrin) and substrates were cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane and cyclooctane. The substrate conversion yield was discussed according to the substituent effect and hinderance effect of metalloporphyrin and the radius effect of non-redox metal ion. The conversion yield of cycloalkane followed the order of C5 〈 C6 〈 C7 = C8. In this experimental condition NaClO2 was rather efficient terminal oxidant than NaClO and H2O2.

Quater polymer(MBHA) containing two types of acrylic functional group, acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate(AAM) and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate was prepared. Then, the MBHA was blended with polyisocyanate type Desmodur IL as a curing agent. Thereafter the mixture was cured at room temperature to get high solid acrylic/polyisocyanate. The MBHA was synthesized at 150℃ for 6 hours typically, and the final conversion reached 87-88%. Lowering Tg and increasing AAM amount in the MBHA resulted in high value of conversion. There was no difference in conversion with the variations of OH values. From the results of physical property tests, MIHS coating was proved to be a good automotive top-coating material.

The selective catalytic reduction(SCR) of nitric oxide by ethane in the presence of oxygen was investigated on Cu-ZSM-5, Co-ZSM-5 and Ga-ZSM-5 catalysts over a range of 400, 450 and 500℃. The catalysts were prepared by ion-exchange method. The composition of the reactant gases were 1000 ppm of NO, 1000 ppm of C2H6 and 2.5% of O2, and the reaction was conducted in a fixed-bed reactor at 1 atm. For the 20wt% Co-ZSM-5(50) catalyst, the NO conversion reached up to 100%, while the C2H6 conversion and the CO selectivity were about 50% and 25%, respectively, at 450℃. For the 20wt% Cu-ZSM-5(50) catalyst, the NO conversion and the C2H6 conversion were about 80% and 100%, respectively, but there was no CO produced. The metal ion-exchanged ZSM-5 catalysts exhibited a tendency to increase the NO conversion with the Si/Al ratio of the ZSM-5, that is, NO conversion was inversely proportional to the acidity of the catalysts. But, the effect of the acidity on NO conversion was not so large. From the XRD results of the catalysts before and after SCR reaction it was found that there was no structural change.

The influences of fluorophor, scatterer, and absorber in turbid material by light scattering were interpreted for the scattered fluorescence intensity and wavelength. The molecular properties have been studied by laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy in phantom. It has been found that the effects of optical properties in scattering media could be investigated by the optical parameters(μa, μa, μt). Experimental and Monte Carlo Simulation method for modelling light transport in tissue was applied. The experimental results using a phantom were discussed and compared with those obtained through Monte Carlo Simulation. It may also aid in designing the best model for oil chemistry, medicine and application of medical engineering.

A water-soluble conducting polymer (CPP400 Paste) containing a derivative of polythiophene with several dopant was investigated as an anode material for organic electroluminescent devices. The device of ITO/CPP 400 Paste/TPD/Alq3/Li:Al was fabricated, where CPP 400 Paste films were prepared by spin coating and TPD and Alq3, films were prepared by vacuum evaporation. It was found that the turn-on voltage, current density, and luminance of the devices were dependent upon the thickness of CPP 400 Paste film in the Electroluminescent and current-voltage characteristics of the devices. This phenomena were explained by the energy level diagram of the device with the energy levels of the CPP400 Paste obtained by cyclic voltammetric method.

Transparent films were prepared using the sol-gel process by mixing TEOS with PVA solution that was solved in EtOH and distilled water homogeneously. HCl, CH3COOH and NH4OH were used as catalysts of the sol-gel process, and for improving the flexibility of films glycerol was used as plasticizer. In case of each catalyst, transparency and tensile strength were increased, and glass transition temperature (Tg) was shifted to higher temperature with increasing TEOS ratio. Also, in case of adding the plasticizer, the flexibility of films was increased. On the contrary, transparency, thermal stability and tensile strength were decreased with increasing HCl and NH4OH ratio. Also, the range of being made of film type was expanded when CH3COOH was used than HCl and NH4OH.

Organic semiconductors based on conjugated thiophene oligomer have great potential to be utilized as an active layer for electronic and optoelectronic devices. In this study, a conjugated oligomer such as α-sexithiophene (α-6T) thin films was prepared by the Organic Molecular Beam Deposition (OMBD), and various electrode materials were also deposited by a simple vacuum evaporation, respectively. Those films were photolithographically patterned for the electrical measurements. Electrical charact-erization of the thin film transistor with various channel length were executed and the field effect mobility of these thin film transistors were also calculated by the formula using the experimental data.

Interfacial properties of electrode and organic thin layer is one of the most important factor in performing a Light Emitting Diodes(LED). Phthalocyanine copper was used as a buffer layer to improve interface characteristic, so that device efficiency was improved. In this study, LEDs were fabricated as like structures of Indium-Tin-Oxide (ITO) / N,N' -Diphenyl-N,N'-di(m-tolyl)-benzidine (TPD) / 8-Hydroxyquinoline aluminum(Alq) / Aluminum(Al) and Indium-Tin-Oxide(ITO) / N,N'-Diphenyl-N,N' -di(m-tolyl)-benzidine(TPD) / 2-(4-Biphenylyl)-5(4-tert-butyl-phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole(PBD) / Aluminum(Al). In these devices, CuPC was layered at electrode/organic layer interface. As position is changing and thickness is changing, devices showed characteristic luminescence efficiency and luminescence inensity respectively. We showed in this study that luminescence efficiency was improved with CuPC layer in LEDs. The efficiency of device with layer CuPC is higher than that of 2 layer CuPC. However, the luminescence of 2 layer CuPC device got higher value.