In most tissues, apoptosis plays a pivotal role in normal development and in regulation of cell number. Therefore inappropriate apoptosis is revealed in a variety of diseases. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of acupuncture and needle electrode electrical stimulation on the change of caspase-3, 9 and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) immunoreactive cells in the sprague dawley rats (SD rat). In immobilized SD rats (n=5), enhanced caspase-3 and caspase-9 expression were detected in the reticular part of substantia nigra, and enhanced nNOS was detected in the dorsolateral periaqueductal gray (DL-PAG) of midbrain and the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus using immunohistochemistry. Following the immobilization, acupuncture (n=5) and needle electrode electrical stimulation (n=5, 2 Hz) was applied at Hg (LI4) acupoint of SD rats, respectively. The stress-induced enhancement in the expression of caspase-3, 9 and nNOS were The present results demonstrate that and needle electrode electrical stimulation are effective in the modulation of expression of caspase-3, 9 and nNOS induced by immobilization.

식중독 원인균 S. aureus, E. coli O157:H7, S. typhimurium, S. enteritidis, L. monocytogenes, 장티프스 원인균 S. typhi, 패혈증 원인균 V. parahaemolyticus, 세균성 이질 원인균 S. sonnei를 20℃에서 30분간 그린존^TM과 접촉시킨 결과 최소 3배 희석액부터 최대 24배 희석액에서 균에 대한 살멸 효과를 나타내었다. 그린존^TM 3배 희석액을 이용하여 30초, 1부, 5분간 균과 접촉시킨 결과 S. aureus만 제외하고 모두 30초에 100% 살멸하는 효과를 나타내었다. 그린존^TM을 이용하여 사스의 원인체와 동일한 바이러스인 코로나 바이러스에 대한 살바이러스 효과를 본 결과 제품의 5배 희석액까지 유효한 살바이러스 효과를 보였다. 사람과 접촉이 많은 애완견 바이러스인 파보바이러스(CPV), 디스템퍼바이러스(CDV)에 대하여 시험한 결과 유기물과 경수 등의 악조건에서도 바이러스를 살멸하는 효과를 나타내었다. 그린존^TM을 이용한 회와 냉장육 등에서의 적용 시험결과 미생물 생육이 현저히 저해됨을 알 수 있었다. 체소내의 미생물에 대한 살멸효과 시험에서도 미생물의 수가 현저하게 감소하였고, 특히 대장균의 수가 현저하게 감소하였다. 그린존^TM은 세균, 바이러스의 살멸에 탁월한 효과를 보이며, 음식물에 직접 처리할 시에도 그 안전성과 효능이 입증되었다.

Each method for economic evaluation has its own characteristics. Therefore adoption of each of them in evaluation production investment project results in many problems. Hence combination & modification of them are required to perform more accurate evaluation about investment project. This paper discuss evaluation method of investment projects expansion and replacement investment on each line or individual in the production. Generally investment evaluation method has add to a few method by Subsidiary means with use a especial method. And then in this paper, a Taguchi Techniques is presented, which may be effective to the facilities appraisal or improvement. We propose a decision model to incorporates the values assigned by a group of experts on different factors in production. Using this model, SN ratio of taguchi method for each of subjective factors as well as values of weights are used in this comprehensive method for reducing production rate in production management.

STEP is the international standard for the computer-interpretable representation and exchange of product data. STEP physical file as the implementation method of STEP generally has a large file size which may be an obstacle of efficient use and seamless transition through network. Therefore, the compression of STEP physical file has been interested recently. In this paper, we present the compression algorithm of STEP physical file. STEP physical file is compressed by LZ77 with an appropriate search buffer size for STEP physical file and Huffman coding is applied to the result of LZ77. The proposed algorithm obtains the significant compression ratio.

Since transmitting various files around Internet is one of common activities in everyday life, the compression is important technical issue in these days. Shape models are also frequently transmitted and therefore its compression has also been studied. Considering the large portion of shape model can be normal vectors, a new scheme was recently presented to compress normal vectors using clustering and mixed indexing scheme. Presented in this paper is a mathematical investigation of the scheme to analyze the probability distribution of normal index distances in Normal Index array which is critical for the compression. The probability distribution is formulated so that the values can be easily calculated once the relative probabilities of C, R, E, S, and L op-codes in Edgebreaker are known. It can be shown that the distribution of index distances can be easily transformed into a few measures for the compression performance of the proposed algorithm.

The problems of various research fields such as molecular modeling may be represented as circles with inclusion relations. Given n circles in the plane, the recognition of inclusion relations for a set of circles can be a tool to reason about geometric problems on 2D. In this paper, we introduce O(nlogn) algorithm to find these relations for the circles and this algorithm make possible maintaining the geometric data hierarchy in the geometric data processing aspect.

본 연구에서는 판형태의 압전감지기와 압전작동기가 접착되어 있는 보형태의 스마트구조물의 자유진동제어에 대한 유한요소모형화 방법을 제안한다. 압전재료의 직접압전효과와 역압전효과에 대한 구성방정식을 고려하고 변분원리를 이용하여 스마트보유한요소의 운동방정식을 유도한다. 이러한 2절점 보 유한요소근 등매개변수요소로서 Timoshenko 보이론을 기초로 한다. 따라서, 보형태의 스마트구조물을 제안하는 스마트보 유한요소에 의하여 해석함으로써 전압이 작용되는 압전작동기에 의한 구조물의 제어와 전압을 측정하는 압전감지기에 의한 구조물의 모니터링에 대한 수치적인 시뮬레이션이 가능해진다 이러한 스마트보유한요소와 Constant-gain feed back control 기법을 이용하여 압전감지기와 압전작동기를 이용한 보구조물의 자유진동제어에 대한 유한요소 모델을 제안한다