Generally, the navigational safety of a ship under various loading conditions is evaluated by a loading manual. However, the loading manual handles only statical factors such as weight and buoyancy of ship without including any wave conditions. Practically ship's safety is much concerned with the occurrences on the rough sea as propeller racing, rolling, deck wetness, vertical acceleration, lateral acceleration, slamming and so on. The purpose of this paper is to present a synthetic and practical evaluation method of navigational safety using the integrated seakeeping performance index(ISPI) under loading conditions of ship in seaways. The method is calculated by means of the ISPI by measuring only vertical acceleration. Judgement of dangerousness is carried out for four lading conditions : homogeneous full loaded, half loaded, heavy ballast loaded, and normal ballast loaded conditions. In developing the practical evaluation system of navigational safety, it is useful to solve the difficulties in measuring factors by sensors. And by applying the evaluation diagrames, navigators are able to avoid dangerousness by keeping away of the danger encountering angle of wave direction which the diagram shows.

본 시험은 시설내에서 미스티블루 재배시 잡초의 발생을 억제하고 절화의 품질을 향상시키고자 피복재료(볏짚, 투명 polyethylene film 및 흑색 polyethylene film)를 공시하여 그 효과를 구명하고자 실시하였는데 지온의 변화를 4월부터 10월까지 조사한 결과 볏짚피복한 것과 흑색비닐 피복한 것은 온도 상승과 하강이 완만하였으나 투명비닐과 무피복구는 온도 변화가 심하였다. 고온기인 7월과 8월의 지온은 무피복구와 투명비닐피복구가 3℃ 이상 높았다. 피복재료별 잡초발생량은 흑색비닐 피복구가 타피복구나 무피복구에 비해 현저히 적어 잡초발생억제 효과가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 피복처리별 초기의 생육상황을 조사한 결과 흑색비닐피복구가 초장에서 약간 양호하였으나 엽장 등 생육은 큰 차이가 없었다. 화수폭, 화경경, 절화장 및 절화중 등은 흑색비닐피복구가 타처리구에 비해 양호하여 절화품질이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 피복재료별 1등급 절화비율과 상품화율도 흑색비닐피복구가 90.5%와 81.8%로서 타처리구에 비해 양호한 것으로 나타났다.

This study was compared to outdoor field (OF) and rain shelter greenhouse (RSG) according to cultivation type of Gastrodia elata Blume. Also, the effects of yield and quality for mulching materials in RSG were compared. The yield of G. elata was investigated good merchantable quality, and the quality was investigated hardness, chromaticity, weight loss and the contents of the major functional components. The cultivation of RSG was increased the yield, hardness, gastrodin, and vanillyl alcohol compared to OF, and the weight loss, chromaticity, and ergothioneine were almost equal. Rice straw treatment showed higher than those of the control and other treatments on the yield and hardness. As a result, the yield and the quality of RSG, which can control the soil moisture, were better than that of OF. And the lower the soil moisture content according to the mulching material, the harder the surface and the higher the hardness.

This study was considered chances of additional income, if farmers raised silkworms in unused mulberry leaves, after harvesting mulberry, investigated yields of mulberry leaves in vinyl-house and optimal amount in raised silkworms, First, the results was investigated productions of mulberry leaves in the mulberry tree-shape of vinyl-house, T-shape harvested 7.07 kg, Y-shape was 6.55 kg, in comparison with convention of it was harvested 4.75 kg mulberry leaves/1 mulberry tree, was harvested 49%, 38% more each. Also, yields of mulberry leaves was used 302 kg when was raised 1box of silkworms in the mulberry tree-shape of vinyl-house. In other hand, yields of raising silkworms was analysed in the mulberry tree-shapes of vinyl-house, mulberry leaves of 1,000 ㎡ vinyl-house mulberry tree was raised average of 3.74 boxs silkworms, in the concrete conventional-shape was 3.24 boxs, T-shape did 4.17 boxs and Y-shape was 3.83 boxs, Consequently, if the farmers of 1,000 ㎡ vinyl-house mulberry tree raised silkworms with unused mulberry leaves, could get 1~1.2 million won additionally.

This experiment was carried out to establish the optimum cutting time, plant growth regulator, and bed-soilfor rooting by greenwood cutting of Schisandra chinensis. Approximately 7㎝ long-shoots of greenwood cuttings weretransplanted by various cutting times, plant growth regulators, and bed-soils in the plastic-film house. The rooting rate ofgreenwood cutting was 12.5% in the April 5th, 73.5% in the May 8th, and 75.5% in the August 5th. The number and lengthof primary root in greenwood cutting were more in the early May than those in the early August. For mass propagation ofSchisandra chinensis. using greenwood cutting, shoots were treated with plant growth regulators on May to increase rootingrate. Rooting rate was 100% with IAA 50㎎/ℓ,92.9% with NAA 100㎎/ℓ,and NAA 1,000㎎/ℓ,for 60 min. To selecteffective media for rooting, various medias for bed-soil were treated by single and mixture form for 100 days after cutting.Rooting rate was 91.8% in the single treatment of peat moss or decomposition of granite soil, and this result was better thanthose in other treatment. The treatment by 1:1 mixture of peat moss and horticulture bed soil was rooting with 94.0% bestrooting rate.

The average and maximum temperature were 29.5℃ and 33.2℃ at 2:00 p.m. respectively, in the plastic-filmhouse covered with shade net, and both of temperature were lower 0.6℃ and 1.3℃ than those of conventional shade. Lighttransmittance was 14% in the plastic-film house, while 9.9% in conventional shade during growing season from May toOctober. Withering time of aboveground part was on October 3rd in conventional shade with 60% of withering leaf, while itwas on November 10th with 3.7% of withering leaf in the plastic-film house, about 40 days longer survival. The main diseaseincidence were 15% of anthracnose, 17% of leaf spot, 5% of phytophthora blight and 3% of gray mold in the conventionalshade, while 0~0.1% disease incidence and 95% of emergence rate in the plastic-film house. The growth in the above-ground and underground part of ginseng was totally better, particularly characteristics affecting yield such as root length,main root length and diameter in the plastic-film house . The fresh weight was increased by 128% compared to the conven-tional shade and harvested roots per 3.3㎡ were 36 roots in the conventional shade and 58 roots in the plastic-film house andfuthermore yield per 3.3㎡ was increased by 216% compared to the conventional shade. As covering materials, the ricestraw in the plastic-film house was excellent. The ginsenoside contents affecting the quality of ginseng were higher in theplastic-film house indicating 0.333% of Rg1, 0.672% of Rb1, 0.730% of Rc and rate of red rusty root was less than4.0~6.1%. Above the results, the quality of ginseng grown in the plastic-film house covered with shade net was improvedthan that of the conventional shade.