This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of various feeds on body length, width, and weight, and larval mortality of white-spotted flower chafer (Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis Kolbe). The feeds , aloe, apple, banana, persimmon and sweet pumpkin were tested to measure the developmental parameters. The result showed that no any significant effect of feeds on the larval weight in the early. However, as larva get matured, the effects of feeds on the developmental parameters were found significantly varied. Weight of larvae, cumulative increase on body length and width, and body weight were also found increase in case of apple feeding. Lowest increment of developmental parameters were reported in banana feeding. Highest mortality (11.2%) was occurred in aloe, banana, persimmon and sweet pumpkin feeding. Lowest mortality (9.9%) rate was observed in apple. Feeds such as apple, sweet pumpkin, and aloe can be used as a optimum diet for mass rearing of P. brevitarsis seulensis in laboratory.

This study investigated the effect on body length, body width, body weight and mortality of larva white-spotted flower chafers(Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis) that the feeds as a secondary feed aloe, apple, banana, persimmon and sweet pumpkin being sold on the market. Weight of larvae increased the most in a sweet pumpkin 2,966 mg, and was followed by banana and persimmon. Weight increased in the aloe the control as the lowest in 2,179 ~ 2,127 mg. It fed the sweet pumpkin showed the highest cumulative increase of 240% in the body length then the persimmon was a cumulative increase of 232%. It fed the sweet pumpkin showed the highest cumulative increase of 254% in the body width and the lowest cumulative increase of 232% was the control. It fed the sweet pumpkin showed the highest cumulative increase of 240% in the body weight then the persimmon, banana, apple in order. Mortality showed most of the high mortality rate of 19.8% in the sweet pumpkin and apple and banana and the lowest mortality rate showed a mortality rate of 13.2% in the control. Although these results sweet pumpkin, persimmon and banana are expected higher utilization as a secondary feed, it should be reviewed in various feeding ways how to reduce the changes of the artificial breeding environment.

본 연구는 경남 진주에서 여름철에 풀숲에서 아름다 운 소리를 들려주는 정서곤충의 한 종류인 여치 (Gampsocleis sedakovi abscura Walker)에 관한 생 활사를 3년간 (2005~2007)에 조사한 결과이다. 여치는 1년에 1세대 발생하며, 성충의 몸길이는 암컷이 60 ㎜ 정도이며 수컷은 50 ㎜정도이었다. 몸의 색깔은 녹색 또는 암갈색의 두 종류가 있었다. 땅 속에서 알 상태로 월동하며, 야외에서 3월 상순부터 약충을 볼 수 있었으 며 성충의 우화 최성기는 7월 상순이었다. 야외에서 알 기간이 269일, 약충기간이 88일로 성충이 되기까지 357 일이 걸렸다. 3년간 평균 산란기간은 63일이었고, 산란 수는 평균 94개였다. 평균수명은 암컷이 90일, 수컷이 82일이었으며, 성비는 암컷이 52%이었다. 일일 중 성충 의 우화는 오전 8시에서 10시 사이가 가장 많았다.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Takju lees hot water extracts on the blood pressure in spontaneously hypertension rats (SHR). Twenty eight male SHR were grouped by their blood pressure and fed a control diet or experimental diets containing 1% (G1), 2% (G2), or 4% (G4) Takju lees extracts for 4 weeks. Food intake was not significantly different among the groups. However, body weight gain was significantly lower in groups fed the Takju lees extract than the control group. The systolic blood pressure was significantly lower in the Takju lees extract containing groups (especially in G4 group) than the control groups. In addition, mean blood pressure {(systolic+dyastolic)/2} decreased with an increase in the amount of Takju lees extract in the diet and feeding period. Takju lees extract decreased angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) activity in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that the Takju lees extract exert an antihypertensive effect by decreasing ACE activity.

We investigated the effect of Takju lees extract on blood glucose levels in the db/db mice (a murine model of type 2 diabetes mellitus). We fed 40 male db/db mice a control diet (G0, AIN93G) and experimental diets containing 1% (G1), 2% (G2), or 4% (G4) Takju lees extract for 4 weeks. We found no difference in food intake and body weight gain among the animal groups. In the G1 and G2 groups, plasma glucose levels decreased significantly between Days 10 and 21 compared with the G0 group. However, we found no difference in plasma glucose levels between groups G4 and G0. The change in insulin concentrations was not significant among these animal groups, and we found no significant difference in glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) expression in the soleus muscle. These results suggest that the Takju lees extract has a beneficial effect in animals with type 2 diabetes.

Takju lees extract is expected to be a promising material for functional food. This study was conducted in order to assess the glycemic index (GI) of Takju lees extract and its effects in an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The GI for Takju lees extract was evaluated with 10 healthy young adults (Male 5, Female 5). OGTT was conducted in 20 male db/db mice, fed on a diet containing 2% Takju lees extract for 4 weeks. Those animals were subjected to OGTT after one oral administration of Takju lees extract at 2 g/kg BW. The GI of the Takju lees extract was measured at 97.97. The effects of the Takju lees extract on the oral glucose tolerance test in db/db mice evidenced no differences as compared to the control group. In conclusion, Takju lees extract is a high GI material, and it has no effect on blood glucose levels in a type II diabetic animal model. Further studies will be required to confirm its anti-diabetic effects.

Effects of Takju(Korean turbid rice wine) lees on noodle investigated by substituting Takju lees water extract powder for each 2% and 4% wheat flour in sample II and III, respectively. The lightness(L) of uncooked noodles was decreased, whereas that of cooked noodles was increased with increasing amount of extract added. Redness(a) and difference of total color(δE) were significantly increased according to the amount of extract added in uncooked and cooked noodles. Yellowness(b) of the noodles containing 2% Takju lees water extract powder was exhibited lowest values in uncooked and cooked noodles. In cooking property of noodles, turbidity of soup decreased in proportion to amount of extract added, 2% and 4% in sample II and III, respectively whereas the weight and volume of noodles were not significant than those of control. Tension of cooked noodle was highest in sample II and lowest in sample III. Texture profile analysis of cooked noodle showed an significant increase of hardness in addition of Takju lees water extract powder but not significant different in springiness, chewiness, adhesiveness. Cohesiveness was significantly lowest in sample II. The sensory evaluation showed that significant difference between noodles with 2% addition groups and control was not recognized but was recognized 4%. Therefore, based on cooking properties and sensory evaluation, Takiu lees water extract powder up to 4% could be substituted for wheat flour.

(1-x)CaTi O3-xLa(Z n12/ Ti12/) O3의 마이크로 유전특성을 조사하였다. x가 증가함에 따라 비유전율과 공진주파수의 온도계수는 감소하였으며, Qㆍ f0는 증가하였다. 그 결과 x=0.5인 (C a0.5L a0.5)( Ti0.75Z n0.25) O3의 조성에서 εr=51, Qㆍ f0=38,000 (at 7 GHz), τf=+5ppm/˚C의 유전특성이 나타났다. (C a0.5L a0.5)( Ti0.75Z n0.25) O3조성의 소결온도를 저하시키기 위하여 B i2 O3를 주조성으로한 소결체를 첨가하여 소결 및 유전특성을 조사하였다. 1wt% 0.76B i2 O3-0.24NiO가 첨가된 경우 소결온도는 150˚C 낮아졌으며, 비유전율 (εr), 공진주파수의 온도계수(τf), Qㆍ f0가 각각 50+5ppm/˚C, 35,000인 마이크로파 유전특성이 얻어졌다. 또한 3wt%의 0.76B i2 O3-0.24NiO가 첨가된 경우 소결온도는 200˚C 저하되었고, 비유전율 (εr)과 공진주파수의 온도계수 (τf)는 변하기 않았으나, Qㆍ f0값이 38,000에서 25,000으로 저하되었다. 25,000으로 저하되었다.되었다.되었다.되었다.

본 연구는 폐플라스틱 자재를 이용하여 다양한 원예치료 활동을 통해 정신지체장애인들의 주의집중과 적응행동에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 경남 거제도에 위치한 애광원에 거주하는 정신지체장애인 11명을 대상자로 선정하여 원예치료 프로그램을 2004년 3월 15일부터 6월 28일까지 매주 1회씩 실시하였으며 1회당 시간은 2시간으로 하였다. 대상자 11명의 치료효과를 측정하기 위해 원예치료 프로그램 실시 전과 후에 적응행동 검사, 원예치료 그룹 활동평가, 원예활동평가를 실시하여 각각의 결과를 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 적응행동 검사에서는 제1부 및 제2부에서 통계적으로는 유의한 변화가 없었으나, 제1부의 자기 관리. 제2부의 발성 습관은 원예치료프로그램을 반복적으로 실시한다면 향상될 것으로 생각된다. 둘째, 원예치료 그룹 활동 평가에서는 모든 항목에서 통계적으로 유의한 변화가 있었으며 특히 이동성, 신체/지각적 능력, 사회적 교류, 인식능력, 감정상태, 직업적 관심 항목에서는 매우 유의한 변화를 나타내었다. 셋째, 원예활동 평가에서는 모든 항목에서 통계적으로 유의한 변화가 있었으며, 특히 관심 및 조력성, 언어 소통능력, 자아개념 및 주체성, 욕구, 충동적 적응력, 대인관계 능력, 인지 및 문제해결 능력 ,운동지각 능력, 숙련도와 직업적 능력에서는 매우 유의한 변화를 나타내었다. 결론적으로 정신지체장애인에게 원예치료 프로그램을 실시한 이후 주의집중은 향상되었으나 적응행동에서는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았는데 이것은 프로그램 선정 시 적응 행동 향상을 위한 반복 프로그램을 적용한다면 향상 될 것으로 생각된다. 한편, 이러한 결과들에도 불구하고 주 1회 실시 및 원예치료 프로그램 실시 기간의 장기화로 인하여 변인의 통제가 어려웠고 대상자의 수가 적어서 일반화하기 어려운 점이 본 연구의 제한점이라 판단된다. 그러나 이러한 제한점에도 불구하고 정신지체장애인의 요구와 흥미를 파악하여 다양한 내용으로 원예치료가 이루어진다면 정신지체장애인의 주의집중 및 적응행동 향상에 많은 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.