These grafting seeding “Torobambica” rootstock “huk Yang”were tested to investigate the growth, yield, and quality of eggplants which can be influenced by the bumblebee pollination and plant growth regulators. The results were as follows: According to the treatment of bumblebee pollination and plant growth regulators, the yield of eggplant was good at bumblebee pollination with tomatotone flower spray at blooming time, and was good at foliage spray on the treatment of tomatotone and GA3, and was good at flower clusters spray on the treatment of tomatotone. According to the treatment of bumblebee pollination and plant growth regulators, the ratio of marketable fruit was good at pollination bumblebee with tomatotone spray on the day they flowered, was good at foliage spray on the treatment of tomatotone and GA3, and was good at flower clusters spray on the treatment of tomatotone. On the mineral element contents of eggplant stems, the contents of total nitrogen were good at tomatotone flower spray at blooming time, the ones of phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium were good at tomatotone foliage spray the rate of three days, the ones of calcium were good at tomatotone flower spray in two or three days before flowering, and ones of ash were good at tomatotone flower spray at blooming time, foliage spray the rate of three days. On the mineral element contents of eggplant fruits, the contents of total nitrogen were good at tomatotone and GA3 foliage spray the rate of six days, the ones of phosphorus were good at tomatotone foliage spray the rate of three days, the ones of potassium, ash were good at tomatotone and GA3 flower spray at blooming time, and the ones of calcium, magnesium were good at tomatotone an GA3 flower spray in two or three days before flowering.

For this study, Smilex powder, a pesticide, was sprayed on the Altari radish, and then underground water, Chitosan solution (×500), and wood vinegar solution (×1000) were evenly sprayed on the Altari radish respectively. Samples of Altari radishs for residual pesticide analysis were taken two hours, 1 day, 7 days, and 15 days after treatments, and the detectable concentration and degradability of procymidone, the pesticide residue, were measured. The results obtained are as follows: 1. When detectable concentration of procymidone within the altari radish was measured, treatment plots sprayed with underground water, Chitosan solution (×500), and wood vinegar solution (×1000) were found to show lower detectable concentration than the non-treatment plot which was sprayed with pesticide only. Especially, the treatment plots sprayed with Chitosan solution (×500), and with wood vinegar solution (×1,000) showed lower values than the average. 2. When the degradability of procymidone within the Altari radish was measured, the plot treated with Chitosan solution (×500) and the plot treated with wood vinegar solution (×1,000) were found to have relatively higher degradability of procymidone. There were not much differences among testing materials in the degradability of residual pesticides. However, the plot treated with Chitosan solution (×500) showed higher degradability. In terms of average degradability with time, degradability increased sharply 7 days after the foliar application of testing materials. 3. When the daily far-sighted view survey was conducted in order to find out growth disorder and damage on the Altari radish plants by the treatment of underground water, Chitosan solution (×500), and wood vinegar solution (×1,000), no symptomatic physiological disorders was observed on all the plants tested during the whole growing season at the tested concentration level.

본 연구는 압화의 효과적인 누름건조법의 개발을 위해서 산과 들에서 직접 채집하거나 산지에서 구입한 야생화,절화,분화,관엽식물을 대상으로 계절별로 분류했다. 압화용 식물들은 수분을 효과적으로 제거하여 변색을 방지하고 꽃의 원형을 잘 유지하기 위해 전처리의 과정을 밟았다. 건조가 용이하거나, 건조 과정에서 화색이 쉽게 변하는 꽃들은 전처리를 하지 않는 것을 원칙으로 하였다. 수술의 수가 많은 경우는 핀셋으로 일부를 솎아주는 것이 좋았다. 꽃봉오리, 꽃, 화경(줄기), 화병, 그리고 가지는 부분적으로 나이프 처리를 해 주는 것이 건조에 효과적이었다. 압화용 식물의 잎은 기본적으로 잎의 뒷면과 엽병 부위를 #100수준의 샌드페이퍼에 살짝 눌러주는 것이 효과적이었다. 장미처럼 꽃잎이 여러 겹으로 포개져 있거나, 건조가 다소 까다로운 양란 등은 꽃잎을 분리시켜 건조한 다음 원래 형태로 복원시키는 꽃 조립 과정을 밟는 것이 유리했다. 그러나, 유스토마의 꽃은 효과적으로 건조시키는데 다리미 처리가 필요했다. 일반 전처리로 건조가 어려운 안스리움의 포엽 등은 열탕 처리가 필요했다. 주름이 지지 않고 원형에 가까운 꽃을 얻기 위해서는 스펀지를 깔아주는 것이 좋았다. 꽃잎이 얇은 경우는 2∼3㎏ 정도의 무게 처리로 투명화 현상이 나타나지 않았고,꽃잎 수가 많거나, 꽃잎이 두껍거나, 자방 부위가 두터운 경우는 7∼12㎏ 정도의 무게 처리로 수축 현상을 최소화시킬 수 있었다. 이상의 기본 처리 과정을 거친 후에도 쉽게 건조되지 않는 경우에는 건조 매트를 1회∼2회 교환해 주는 것이 필수적이었다.

A research was conducted to investigate the effect of treatment of woody charred materials such as wood vinegar, charcoal, and mixture of wood vinegar and charcoal on the growth and components of tomato and chinese cabbage. The effect of treatment of woody charred materials on the growth and components of tomato the research findings are as follows. The total number of soil microorganisms increased in the groups treated with woody charred materials compared with the control. The fruit number, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit weight, hardness and sugar contents of tomato did not show significant difference in all plots treated with woody charred materials, but the plot treated with wood vinegar + charcoal showed relatively higher values in general. Vitamin C contents were shown higher in the plots treated with woody charred materials than the control, and among the treatment plots. The effect of treatment of woody charred materials on the growth and components of chinese cabbage the research findings are as follows. The soil chemical components did not change before and after the treaiment of woody charred materials. The total number of soil microorganisms increased in the treatment plots compared with the control, The leaf length, leaf width, inner leaf number, plant weight, and head weight of Chinese cabbage treated with woody charred materials were in general larger than the comtrol. Among the treatment plots, the plot treated with wood vinegar + charcoal showed slightly higher values. The contents of minerals in chinese cabbage such as Ca, Fe, K, Mg and Mn were higher in the treatment plots than the control.

From the experiments on the effect of chitosan and wood vinegar, which are environment-friendly materials, on the growth of eggplant and leaf lettuce, the following results were obtained. 1. The effect of chitosan and wood vinegar treatment on the growth of eggplant 1) There was no difference in soil component elements before and after treatment with chitosan and wood vinegar. The total number of microorganisms tended to increase after treatment with chitosan and wood vinegar, while the number of bacteria increased among microorganisms. However, there was no consistent tendency in the number of Acinomycetes, fungi, and trichodema between treatments. 2) The growth and the yield of eggplant increased compared with the control plot in both the chitosan-treated plot and the wood vinegar-treated plot. However, there was no significant difference between the treatments. The yield of eggplant per 10a increased in chitosan- and wood vinegar-treated plots compared with the controlled plot. There was no significant difference in treatments, however, the plot treated with 800 times-diluted solution showed a higher growth. 2. The effect of chitosan and wood vinegar treatment on the growth of leaf lettuce 1) There was no difference in soil component elements before and after treatment with chitosan and wood vinegar. The number of bacteria increased among microorganisms. However, there was no consistent tendency in the number of Acinomycetes, fungi, and trichodema between treatments. 2) The growth of leaf lettuce in both chitosan-treated plot and wood vinegartreated plot increased compared with the control plot, however, there was no significant difference between the treatments. On the whole, the plot treated with greater concentration showed a higher growth.

With treatment of Kitosan, Wood vinegear and EM(effective microoganism) which farmers call it as substance in fertilizing, conditioning and disease control ubstances, authors in vestigated on microorganisms change in soil and ealy growth characteristics of tomato. The results were summarized as follows : Among foliar application of kitosan, wood vinegear and EM(effective microoganism) treatments diluted by chitosan 500 times solution level was effective considering growth of tomato as compared other dilutions and control plot. Change of microorganism number in the soil for cultivation of tomato was increased with microorganism treatment plot as compared with control plot. Specially chitosan 500 times solution level showes the most significant effect.

본 연구는 통합장면에서 원예치료가 정신지체 고등부 학생의 사회적응력에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 부산광역시 동래원예고등학교에 재학 중인 정신지체 장애학생 10명과 비 장애학생 10명을 통합하여 방과 후에 원예치료 프로그램을 실시하였다. 실시 기간은 2004년 4월 6일부터 6월 22일까지 매주 1회씩 총 12회를 실시하였다. 실시 전과 후에 원예치료 그룹활동 평가, 숙련도 평가, 원예활동 평가를 실시하여 각각의 결과를 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 원예치료 그룹활동 평가에서 사회적 교류에서 통계적으로 유의한 변화가 있었다. 둘째, 숙련도 평가에서는 능률성과 숙련도 모두 통계적으로 유의한 변화가 없었다. 셋째, 원예활동 평가에서는 9가지 영역 중 참여성과 대인관계능력에서 통계적으로 유의한 변화가 있었다. 결론적으로 통합장면에서 원예치료 프로그램을 실시한 이후 사회적 교류와 참여성 그리고 대인관계능력이 향상되어 통합장면에서의 원예치료 프로그램이 정신지체학생의 사회적응력에 영향을 미치는 것으로 생각되 며 능률성 및 숙련도는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았는데 장기적으로 프로그램을 적용한다면 변화가 있을 것으로 생각된다.

본 연구는 폐플라스틱 자재를 이용하여 다양한 원예치료 활동을 통해 정신지체장애인들의 주의집중과 적응행동에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 경남 거제도에 위치한 애광원에 거주하는 정신지체장애인 11명을 대상자로 선정하여 원예치료 프로그램을 2004년 3월 15일부터 6월 28일까지 매주 1회씩 실시하였으며 1회당 시간은 2시간으로 하였다. 대상자 11명의 치료효과를 측정하기 위해 원예치료 프로그램 실시 전과 후에 적응행동 검사, 원예치료 그룹 활동평가, 원예활동평가를 실시하여 각각의 결과를 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 적응행동 검사에서는 제1부 및 제2부에서 통계적으로는 유의한 변화가 없었으나, 제1부의 자기 관리. 제2부의 발성 습관은 원예치료프로그램을 반복적으로 실시한다면 향상될 것으로 생각된다. 둘째, 원예치료 그룹 활동 평가에서는 모든 항목에서 통계적으로 유의한 변화가 있었으며 특히 이동성, 신체/지각적 능력, 사회적 교류, 인식능력, 감정상태, 직업적 관심 항목에서는 매우 유의한 변화를 나타내었다. 셋째, 원예활동 평가에서는 모든 항목에서 통계적으로 유의한 변화가 있었으며, 특히 관심 및 조력성, 언어 소통능력, 자아개념 및 주체성, 욕구, 충동적 적응력, 대인관계 능력, 인지 및 문제해결 능력 ,운동지각 능력, 숙련도와 직업적 능력에서는 매우 유의한 변화를 나타내었다. 결론적으로 정신지체장애인에게 원예치료 프로그램을 실시한 이후 주의집중은 향상되었으나 적응행동에서는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았는데 이것은 프로그램 선정 시 적응 행동 향상을 위한 반복 프로그램을 적용한다면 향상 될 것으로 생각된다. 한편, 이러한 결과들에도 불구하고 주 1회 실시 및 원예치료 프로그램 실시 기간의 장기화로 인하여 변인의 통제가 어려웠고 대상자의 수가 적어서 일반화하기 어려운 점이 본 연구의 제한점이라 판단된다. 그러나 이러한 제한점에도 불구하고 정신지체장애인의 요구와 흥미를 파악하여 다양한 내용으로 원예치료가 이루어진다면 정신지체장애인의 주의집중 및 적응행동 향상에 많은 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of microbial product on microorganisms in soil and the growth of leaf lettuce. The test material were treated with chitosan, wood vinegar and EM activity liquid, and treatment concentration was 50 times solution and 100 times solution level with foliar application. The results were summarized as follows : Among foliar application of microorganisms treatments diluted by chitosan 100 times solution level was effective considering growth of leaf lettuce as compared other dilutions and control plot. Change of microorganism number in the soil for cultivation of chinese cabbages and leaf lettuce was increased with microorganism treatment plot as compared with control plot. Specially chitosan 100 times solution level showes the most significant effect.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different concentrations of microbial products on growth of chinese cabbage and microorganisms in soil. Two different levels of microbial products, such as 50 times and 100 times diluted solutions of chitosan, wood vinegar and EM activity liquid, were treated for foliar application. The results were summarized as follows : Among foliar applications of microbial products, 100 times diluted solution of chitosan was effective on growth of chinese cabbage comparing to other levels of dilutions and untreated control plot. The number of microorganism in the soil tended to increase under the treatment of microbial products compared to control plot. Especially, the numbers of the bacteria and actinomycetes were estimated 73.67×10³ CFU/g and 34.00×10³ CFU/g, respectively, under the treatment of 100 times diluted solution of chitosan.

This study the effects of the application of organic farming materials on the soil physicochemistry property and plant growth, yield and components of Tomato were compared with conventional culture. The results obtained from the experiment are summarized as follows： 1. The effect of soil chemical properties after application organic farming materials, The amounts of pH and O.M. in N, P, K treated plot were few of change, To the contrary, fermentation compost and microorganisms fermentation compost treated plot were some increase, Amount of P₂O₅, Ca and K increase in comparison with the N, P, K treated plot. 2. Changes of soil microbial after application organic farming materials, The number of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi in N, P, K treated plot were appeared definite direction. to the contrary, The number of bacteria and actimycetes in fermentation compost and microorganisms fermentation compost treated plot showed the increased tendency, The number of fungi showed the decreased tendency. 3. Effect of organic farming materials application on the growth and yield of tomato was superior in order of microorganisms fermentation compost plot＞chemical fertilizers plot＞fermentation compost plot. especially, chicken manure + microorganisms fermentation compost treated plot was the highest. 4. Effect of organic farming materials application on the components of tomato were not different.