직접 메탄올 연료전지(direct methanol fuel cell, DMFC)는 연료의 개질 없이 메탄올 연료를 공급하여 수소이온과 전자 생성을 통해 전류를 생산하는 에너지 변환 장치이다. 현재 DMFC에 적용되고 있는 고분자 전해질 막(polymer electrolyte membrane, PEM)은 높은 수소이온 전도도와 물리화학적 안정성을 갖는 과불소화계 이오노머를 활용한 PEM이지만, 높 은 메탄올 투과율과 분해 시 발생되는 환경 오염 물질 등의 문제로 인해 신규 소재 개발이 요구되고 있다. 최근 들어, 과불소 화계 이오노머에 비해 낮은 연료 투과율 및 우수한 물리화학적 안정성을 갖는 탄화수소계 고분자 기반 PEM을 DMFC에 적 용하는 연구들이 보고되고 있다. 본 총설에서는 탄화수소계 고분자 기반 PEM 중 1) 친수성/소수성 영역의 뚜렷한 나노 상분 리 구조를 나타내는 가지형 공중합체를 합성하여 수소이온 전도성과 메탄올의 선택도를 향상시킨 연구, 2) 제막 단계에서 가 교 구조를 도입하여 메탄올 투과율을 감소시키고 치수 안정성을 향상시킨 연구, 3) 유/무기계 첨가제 및 다공성 지지체를 도 입하여 성능을 개선한 복합 막 개발 연구에 대해 소개하고자 한다.

본 연구는 Ajzen(1991)의 계획행위이론을 바탕으로 중년 소방관 및 교도관의 헌혈의사에 영향 을 미치는 요인을 규명하기 위한 서술적 연구이다. 연구대상은 G시, B군에 소재한 소방서 및 교도소의 중 년 소방관 및 교도관 223명이었다. 자료분석은 기술통계 및 t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, 다중회귀분석을 하였다. 연구결과 헌혈 경험, 1년 이내 헌혈 시도, 3개월 이내 헌 혈 참여 계획에 따라 헌혈의도에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 대상자의 헌혈의도는 헌혈에 대한 태도, 주관적 규범, 지각된 행위통제와 유의한 양의 상관관계가 있었다. 헌혈의도에 대한 다중회귀분석 결 과 3개월 이내 헌혈 참여계획, 지각된 행위통제, 주관적 규범, 헌혈태도, 1년 이내 헌혈시도 순이었고, 설명 력은 69% 이었다. 이에 중년의 헌혈의도를 높이기 위해서는 태도, 주관적 규범, 지각된 행위통제를 개선할 수 있는 프로그램이 필요하다

We performed this study to understand the effect of a single-crystalline anode on the mechanical properties of asdeposited films during electrochemical deposition. We used a (111) single- crystalline Cu plate as an anode, and Si substrates with Cr/Au conductive seed layers were prepared for the cathode. Electrodeposition was performed with a standard 3-electrode system in copper sulfate electrolyte. Interestingly, the grain boundaries of the as-deposited Cu thin films using single-crystalline Cu anode were not distinct; this is in contrast to the easily recognizable grain boundaries of the Cu thin films that were formed using a poly-crystalline Cu anode. Tensile testing was performed to obtain the mechanical properties of the Cu thin films. Ultimate tensile strength and elongation to failure of the Cu thin films fabricated using the (111) single-crystalline Cu anode were found to have increased by approximately 52 % and 37%, respectively, compared with those values of the Cu thin films fabricated using apoly-crystalline Cu anode. We applied ultrasonic irradiation during electrodeposition to disturb the uniform stream; we then observed no single-crystalline anode effect. Consequently, it is presumed that the single-crystalline Cu anode can induce a directional/uniform stream of ions in the electrolyte that can create films with smeared grain boundaries, which boundaries strongly affect the mechanical properties of the electrodeposited Cu films.

This study was performed as the preliminary research to calculate the concentration of radon exposure and the annual effective dose in public hot spring bath-house. The research found that public bathhouses are the primary cause of the indoor air radon concentration inside a hot spring bathhouse. The indoor radon concentration inside a bathhouse differs significantly by region and among bathhouses in the same region, indicating that the indoor air radon concentration is affected by many factors. The annual effective indoor radon dose by exposure is estimated to range from 1.2×10−2mSv/y to 2.5×10−2mSv/y. Since this research is considered as preliminary research, further and additional relevant research to more reliably calculate the result are necessary, including accumulative research for indoor radon concentrations, and research for exposure coefficients such as the behavior patterns of public bathhouse users, etc.

The objective of this study is to censure the provision of correct information to the public through investigating radon emanation by building materials that are used in domestic construction environment. Radon emanation has been identified in 10 framing materials and 16 finishing materials of 26 building materials used in the domestic construction-industry. Radon emanation was measured using the closed chamber method based on CR-39 nuclear track detectors(NTDs). On Brick-General in framing materials, the highest radon emanation rates were 0.60028 Bq/ m2·h for surface and 0.00733 Bq/kg·h for mass, while on Ceiling-Tex Cement Plaster in finishing materials. The highest radon emanation rates were 0.47708 Bq/m2·h for surface and 0.05885 Bq/kg·h for mass.

The study was conducted from July 5th to 12th, 2014 on 30 males and females. The examination device used for this study were Discovery XR656(GE Healthcare, Kemath, Germany) DR and SOMATOM definition AS+ CT. T he device was made of foamex (foam PVC). The posture for cubital tunnel view examination requires for patients to bend their elbows more than 60 degrees and turn their forearms 20 degrees externally. The analysis method of cubital tunnel depth(CTD) was to measure the length between the deepest location of groove for ulnar nerve and a line vertical to the line connecting protruding part of medial epicondyle and trochlea medial in order to measure the CTD with and without the assistance device. CTD were measured and compared from VRT images on CT examination of 30 males and females to prove the usability of the assistance device. For statistics, SPSS 18.0 version was used to conduct independent two samples t-test. Differences in CTD between the two sexes were nonexistent but, the differences in CTD according to the use of assistance device were 4.63±0.86mm in temporizing measure, and 6.01±0.27mm with the assistance device for male. For females, the results were 4.58±0.41mm in temporizing measure and 5.94±0.58mm with the assistance device. The results proved that the measured values of CTD are deeper with the use of assistance device. The difference between CTD value from CT of normal person and CTD level measured with X-ray using the assistance device were nonexistent. P<0.05) Use of an assistance device made more accurate and convenient examinations possible compared to examinations without any assistance devices. Use of the assistance device in this study in radiological examinations on Cubital Tunnel Syndrome would provide more accurate and convenient examinations in the future. Keyword : Cubital Tunnel

◉ 목적 : 본 연구는 평가도구 SFA(school function assessment)를 이용하여 저학년, 고학년의 차이에 따른 학교생활에서의 기능적 과제 수행을 비교하기 위한 것이다. ◉ 연구방법 : 2013년 7월 1일부터 7월 31일까지 유치원과 초등학교의 일반학급에 재학하고 있는 만 5～12세의 남아11명, 여아 13명을 대상으로 아동의 부모와 담당교사와의 관찰 및 면담을 동의한 자에 한하여 실시하였으며 저학년과 고학년의 학교생활의 기능적 과제 수행을 비교하였다. ◉ 결과 : 고학년이 저학년에 비해 학교생활에서의 기능적 과제 수행이 높은 점수를 보였으며, 항목에 따라 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다(p<.05). 영역Ⅰ은 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 영역Ⅱ와 영역Ⅲ은 부분적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. ◉ 결론 : 본 연구를 통해 고학년이 저학년보다 더 높은 학교생활의 과제 수행 능력이 요구된다는 것을 확인하였다. 앞으로 좀 더 많은 대상으로 한 학교생활 기능적 과제 수행 연구가 이루어지기를 바란다.

This study analyzed the main effect on organizational commitment of organizational justice factors and the moderating effects of appraisal instrumentality on the relationship of three justice factors(distributive justice, procedural justice, and interacti

This research, sponsored by the Korean Ministry of Environment in 2014, was the first epidemiological study in Korea that investigated the health impact assessment of radon exposure. Its purpose was to construct a model that calculated the annual mean cumulative radon exposure concentrations, so that reliable conclusions could be drawn from environment-control group research. Radon causes chronic lung cancer. Therefore, the long-term measurement of radon exposure concentration, over one year, is needed in order to develop a health impact assessment for radon. Hence, based on the seasonal correction model suggested by Pinel et al.(1995), a predictive model of annual mean radon concentration was developed using the year-long seasonal measurement data from the National Institute of Environmental Research, the Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety, the Hanyang University Outdoor Radon Concentration Observatory, and the results from a 3-month (one season) survey, which is the official test method for radon measurement designated by the Korean Ministry of Environment. In addition, a model for evaluating the effective annual dose for radon was developed, using dosimetric methods. The model took into account the predictive model for annual mean radon concentrations and the activity characteristics of the residents

Radon exhalation rates have been determined for samples of concrete, gypsum board, marble, and tile among building materials that are used in domestic construction environment. Radon emanation was measured using the closed chamber method based on CR-39 nuclear track detectors. The radon concentrations in apartments of 100 households in Seoul, Busan and Gyeonggi Provinces were measured to verify the prediction model of indoor radon concentration. The results obtained by the four samples showed the largest radon exhalation rate of 0.34314 Bq/m2·h for sample concrete. The radon concentration contribution to indoor radon in the house due to exhalation from the concrete was 31.006 ± 7.529 Bq/m3. The difference between the prediction concentration and actual measured concentration was believed to be due to the uncertainty resulting from the model implementation.