본 연구는 미동산의 관속식물상을 체계적으로 파악함으로써 충북지역 식물생태계 보전의 기초자료 제공과 아울러 희귀 및 멸종위기종에 대한 정확한 보전대책 수립 및 자생지복원을 위해 수행되었다. 충북 미동산(558m)의 관속식물상을 조사한 결과, 81과 215속 262종 38변종 3품종 등 총 303종류(Taxa)가 확인되었다. 희귀 및 멸종위기식물은 매미꽃, 층층둥글레 등 총 2 종류로 조사되었고 한국 특산식물은 가는장구채, 매미꽃, 조팝나무, 터리풀, 자란초, 병꽃나무, 숫명다래나무, 고려엉겅퀴, 분취 등 9종류로 나타났다. 또한 본 조사지역 내 출현한 귀화식물은 소리쟁이, 다닥냉이, 아까시나무, 붉은토끼풀, 토끼풀, 수박풀, 달맞이꽃. 돼지풀, 개망초, 망초, 서양민들레 방가지똥 등 총 12종류이다.

서울시 가락농수산물시장에서 2001년 1-12월 수거한 총 742건의 수산물(어류 192건, 패류 242건, 갑각류 39건 그리고 연체류 71건)을 대상으로 대장균을 분리 동정한 결과 12.4%(92/742)의 검출율을 보였다. 분리된 92주의 월별 분포를 살펴보면, 1월 10%(1/10), 2월 7.1%(2/28), 3월 9.7%(7/72), 4월 10.8%(8/74), 5월 1.9%(1/53), 6월 20.3%(16/79), 7월 13.3%(10/75), 8월 40.0%(20/50), 9월 8.1%(7/86), 10월 10.0%(9/90), 11월 8.3%(6/72) 그리고 12월 9.4%(5/53)의 검출율을 보여 6-8월 등 하절기에 많은 대장균이 분포됨을 알 수 있었고, 검체별 분포를 살펴보면, 어류가 10.4%(20/192), 패류 14.5%(35/242), 갑각류 4.7%(10/212) 그리고 연체류 28.1%(27/96)의 검출율을 보여 연체류가 어류, 패류 및 갑각류에 비해 대장균 분리율이 비교적 높게 나타났다. 또한 지역별 분포를 살펴보면, 강원 12.5%(8/64), 경기 8.7%(6/69), 경남 18.4%(25/136), 경북 33.3%(1/3), 전남 13.2%(30/228), 전북 11.8%(8/68), 충남 6.3%(2/32), 제주 17.7%(3/17) 그리고 우리나라 이외의 지역에서 7.2%(9/125)의 검출율을 보였다. 92주 가운데 61주를 대상으로 불리균들의 O 혈청형을 동정한 결과, 개미더덕 1건에서 O6, 숭어와 갈치 각각 1건에서 O25가 확인되었고, 개미더덕, 한치알, 백합 각각 1건에서 O29가, 개미더덕 1건에서 O78 그리고 굴, 갑오징어, 갈치, 병어, 적어, 동죽살 각각 1건씩에서 O112, O136, O146, O159, O166, O168이 각각 확인되어 총 21.3%(13/61)의 혈청형이 동정되어 어패류 등 수산물에 대장균이 분포되어 있음을 알 수 있었다.

서울시 가락농수산물시장에서 2001년 1-12월 수거한 총 742건의 수산물에서 장염비브리오균을 분리 동정한 결과 12.5%(93/742)의 검출율을 보였고, 월별로는 2월 7.14%(2/28), 5월 5.7%(3/53), 6월 5.1%(4/79), 7월 24.0%(18/75), 8월 48.0%(24/50), 9월 26.7%(23/86), 10월 11.1%(10/90), 11월 8.3%(6/72), 12월 5.7%(3/53) 등, 7-9월 검출율이 높아 하절기 장염비브리오균에 의한 식중독의 주요 원인균이 될 수 있음을 알 수 있었으며, 검체별로는 어류 8.3%(16/192), 패류 15.3%(37/242), 갑각류 8.5%(18/212) 그리고 연체류 22.9%(22/96)로 나타나, 연체류가 분리율이 비교적 높았다. 또한, 지역별로는 경기 23.2%(16/69), 경남 6.6%(9/136), 경북 33.3%(1/3), 전남 13.6%(31/228), 전북 14.7%(10/68), 충남 15.6%(5/32), 제주 11.8%(2/17) 그리고 수입수산물 8.8%(11/125)의 검출율을 보였다. 93주 가운데 66주에서 K-type 혈청형을 살펴본 결과, K24, K28이 갑오징어와 징거미에서 하나씩, K47, K53는 홍합에서, K34는 바지락살과 한치알에서, K42는 갑오징어, 꽁치, 대합 그리고 오징어에서 각각 확인되어 15.2%(10/66)의 동정율을 나타내었다.

In order to investigate the classification and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella species 718 isolates were isolated from patient in Seoul from 1996 to 2001. The two hundred and ninety eight isolates (41.5%) were identified as Sal. Enteritidis, followed by Sal. Typhi 218 isolates (30.4%), and Sal. Typhimurium 87 isolates (12.1%). The identified Salmonella species were most resistant to tetracycline (32.7%), followed by streptomycin (28.0%), ticarcillin (18.1%) and ampicillin (12.4%). Among isolates, 34.7% of Sal. Enteritidis were resistant to tetracycline, 32.3% to streptomycin, 23.2% to ticarcillin, 13.5% to ampicillin, respectively. 13.8% of Sal. Typhi were resistant to streptomycin, 10.6% to tetracycline, respectively. 66.7% of Sal. Typhimurium were resistant to tetracycline, 42.5% to streptomycin, 28.7% to ticarcillin, 26.4% to ampicillin and 17.2% to chloramphenicol, respectively. Of 718 isolates, 324 isolates (45.1%) were resistant to 1 or more drugs and 64 isolates (19.8%) were resistant to 1 drug, 132 isolates (40.7%) were resistant to 2 drugs, 50 isolates (15.4%) were resistant to 3 drugs, 27 isolates (8.3%) to 4 drugs, 27 isolates (8.3%) to 5 drugs, 22 isolates (6.8%) to 6 drugs. The most prevalent multiple resistant pattern was tetracycline-kanamycin (35.5%), followed by tetracycline-kanamycin-ticarcillin (8.3%), and tetracycline-kanamycin-ticarcillin-ampicillin (7.4%). Antibiotic resistant rate of Sal. Typhimurium was 73.6%, followed by Sal. Enteritidis 53.7% and Sal. Typhi 19.3%. Most Sal. Enteritidis was resistant to 1 drug or 2 drugs, whereas Sal. Typhi and Sal. Typhimurium were more resistant to 5 (16.7%) or 6 drugs (26.6%). The old generation antibiotics such as ampicillin, tetracycline, and streptomycin were annually more resistant than the new generation antibiotics such as ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin or cefoxitin.

This study was to investigate the changes in dietary practices, reasons for making dietary changes, current food consumption patterns, and eating habits. Data were collected from 515 parents whose children were attending an elementary school and a middle school in Kimcheon. Among the twenty food groups studied, subjects reported eating more fruit, vegetables, lower-fat meats, high-fat meats, reduced/skim milk, and eggs and less sugar, fats, rice, salt, potato/sweet potato, and chicken. The changes in dietary practices except high-fat meats and salt were significantly different between sex, age, education level, income level, or BMI groups. The primary reason for making dietary changes was 'concerned about family's health'. The average rate of never eating breakfast or less than 2 times per week was found to be 23.2% with a greater rate in younger age group. The rate of breakfast skipping was found to vary between different age and education groups. The regularity of mealtime and overeating practices were significantly different between age groups. Eating out practices were found to vary between different age, education, and income groups. People at younger age group in Kimcheon should be targeted for nutrition education about eating habits. These findings are applicable at the planning and implementation stages of various nutritional improvement projects.

This study was to investigate the consumption pattern, behaviors, and motivational attitudes related to fruit and vegetables. Data were collected from 344 mothers whose children were attending an elementary school and a middle school in Kimcheon. The average vegetable expenses were under 10,000 won per week. The frequency of purchasing vegetables was 2-3 times a week. Housewives usually bought the vegetables at local markets and grand shopping centers. As for buying vegetables, housewives considered the organic vegetables, preference, price, and nutrition in order. In the family, the vegetables were favored by husbands most and by sons least. The average fruit expenses were under 10,000 won per week. The frequency of purchasing fruit was 2-3 times a week. Housewives usually bought the fruit at local markets and grand shopping centers. As for buying fruit, housewives considered preference, price, and nutrition in order. The fruit were favored by all members most and by husbands least. Housewives identified barriers to increasing vegetables and fruit consumption, including preference for other foods, lack of availability, cost, and time and effort to prepare. Several implications for nutrition interventions were suggested. First, a key motivation for these women was eating healthy food when they are pregnant, suggesting a persuasive appeal to use in interventions. Second, review of the women's current behaviors led to an identification of four specific behaviors that had the most potential for increasing overall consumption. Finally, the findings suggested ways in which nutrition interventions could address each of the barriers identified.

This study was to investigate the nutrition and cancer prevention knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and self-reported dietary changes. Data were collected from 903 parents whose children were attending an elementary school, a middle school, a high school, or a junior college in Kimcheon. Thirty-seven percent of the subjects reported that they had made dietary changes for their health. Respondents reported eating more vegetables(33.1%), fruit(24.1%), whole grains(19.9%), and lower-fat meats(14.5%) and less alcohol(17.2%), high-fat meat(16.4%), fats(13.8%), smoked foods(13.8%), snacks/cake/sweets(11.7%), salty foods(9.6%), and refined grain products(6.1%). Those who did not make any dietary changes most often said the reason was that they thought their diets were already healthful and therefore there was no reason to make a change. Eighty-nine percent of the subjects agreed that diet and disease were related and 89.5% knew that diet and cancer were related, yet 8% believed there was nothing a person could do to reduce the risk of getting cancer. In response to open-ended questions about foods that either increase or decrease cancer risk, vegetables, fruit, traditional fermented foods, etceteras, and whole grains were thought to decrease risk, and burned foods, salty foods, additives, high-fat meats/fats, and alcohol were thought to increase cancer risk. In this study, education levels to be the major demographic variable and residential district had an impact on cancer prevention knowledge and attitudes. People at lower educational levels and rural residents should be targeted for education about cancer risk reduction.