The antioxidative, radical scavenging and cyto-protective effects of Cassia torn L. seeds and it major component, nor-rubrofusarin-6-β-D-glucoside (nor-rubrofusarin), were studied to evaluate their inhibitory activity against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. 70% ethanol extract of Cassia tora L. seeds and nor-rubrofusarin also were tested for the evaluation of anticlastogenicity against mitomycin C-induced micronucleated reticulocytes in mouse peripheral blood. The extract of Cassia tora seeds and nor-rubrofusarin showed an antioxidative effect on the lipid peroxidation of ethyl linoleate with Fenton's reagent and free radical scavenging effect to DPPH radical generation, respectively. They showed a protective effect against H₂O₂-induced cytotoxicity in CHL cells. The extract of Cassia tora L. seeds and nor-rubrofusarin showed a strong anticlastogenicity against mitomycin C-induced micronuclei formation. Results from our study indicate that the extract of Cassia tora L. seeds and nor-rubrofusarin are capable of protecting the lipid peroxidation, free radical generation and cytotoxicity induced by reactive oxygen species. They also have an anticlastogenicity toward DNA crosslinking agent like mitomycin C.

국화과에 속하는 단풍취의 추출물이 가지는 알츠하이머에 대한 효과를 알기 위하여 AChE에 대한 억제효과와 peroxy-nitrite 소거효과를 연구하였다. 단풍취 추출물은 AChE에 대한 억제효과로서 그 IC50가 73.4 μg/ml이었으며 peroxynitrite 소거효과에 관한 IC50는 8.60 μg/mL이었으므로 알츠하이머 질환에 유익할 것으로 판단된다. 단풍취에 가장 많이 함유된 성분인 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid 성분의 활성도 이와 유사한 활성을 보였으므로 단풍취 추출물의 효과는 주로 이 화합물의 활성에 따른 것으로 예상된다. Caffeoylquinic acid가 알츠하이머 질환에 효과있다는 보고가 있으므로 이 식물의 잎과 줄기 추출물에서 6종의 지표물질을 이용하여 정량법을 확립한 후 정량하였다. 그 결과 잎에서는 성분 함량이 25.1%를 차지하여 줄기의 함량보다 훨씬 높았다. 특히 잎 추출물 중 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid의 함량이 145.6 ㎎/g에 달하여 알츠하이머 질환 치료에 유익할 것으로 예상된다.

Background: Traditional plant drugs, are less toxic and free from side effects compared to general synthetic drugs. They have been used for the treatment of diabetes and associated renal damage. In this study, we evaluated effect of Hachimi-jio-gan against diabetic renal damage in a rat model of type 1 diabetic nephropathy induced by subtotal nephrectomy plus streptozotocin (STZ) injection, and in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats and db/db mice as a model of human type 2 diabetes, and its associated complications. To explore the active components of Hachimi-jio-gan, the antidiabetic effect of corni fructus, a consituent of Hachimi-jio-gan, and 7-O-galloyl-D-sedoheptulose, a phenolic compound isolated from corni fructus, were investigated. Methods and Results: We conducted an extensive literature search, and all required data were collected and systematically organized. The findings were reviewed and categorized based on relevance to the topic. A summary of all the therapeutic effects were reported as figures and tables. Conclusions: Hachimi-jio-gan serves as a potential therapeutic agent to against the development of type 1 and type 2 diabetic nephropathy. From the results of characterization active components of corni fructus, 7-O-galloyl-D-sedoheptulose is considered to play an important role in preventing and/or delaying the onset of diabetic renal damage. 7-O-Galloyl-D-sedoheptulose is expected to serve as a novel therapeutic agent against the development of diabetic nephropathy.

Since the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor is used to treat Alzheimer’s disease, the present study aimed to analyze the component with anti-AChE activity from the essential oil of Artemisia iwayomogi (Compositae). The four major components of the essential oil were identified to be camphor (29.8%), borneol (28.0%), eucalyptol (5.81%) and coumarin (5.49%) from a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The essential oil and its three components, camphor, borneol, and coumarin, were subjected to anti-AChE assay. The IC50 values of the essential oil and coumarin were shown to be 0.298 ㎎/㎖ and 0.236 ㎎/㎖, though those of other two components, camphor and borneol, were more than 0.250 ㎎/㎖. These results suggest that coumarin is an active substance of this essential oil with anti-AChE activity.

식용으로 사용되는 산채의 일종인 어수리의 지상부로부터 peroxynitrite 소거활성을 나타내는 성분을 분리한 결과 플라보노이드 성분인 hyperoside와 astragalin이 분리되었다. 특히, 높은 활성을 보였던 hyperoside는 이 식물재료 중 함량도 높아 어수리 잎은 peroxynitrite 과잉생산시 유발될 수 있는 당뇨병, 비만, 고지혈증, 심장질환 등의 예방과 치료에 유익한 식품이라 할 수 있을 것이다.

This paper aims to suggest the strategies for Korea port, especially Busan to develope into a viable transhipment center and/or Hub port as the articulation points between mainline and feeder nets. To tackle this goal, the authors clarify the requirements for Korea port which will be critical in determining its position as Hub trough the careful analysis on competitiveness, environmental impact, port policy and capacity, transhipment traffic and inherent ability to generate traffic. The results are summerized as follows. (1) Coping with increasing container volumes, new investment is sustainedly necessary to increase the capacity and inherent ability of container port and create economies of scale. Moreover, increasing port capacity will increase the potential for the Korea port's inclusion into mainline rather than feeder networks. (2) Considering an increasing awareness of need for customer-oriented operations and service quality rather than simply a reliance on infrastructure-led efficiency, privatization of one sort or another and corporation of port have been key strategies in achieving greater efficiency in Korea containerport.

This paper aims to suggest the strategies for Korea port, especially Busan to develope into a viable transshipment center and/or Hub port as the articulation points between mainline and feeder nets. To tackle this goal, the authors clarify the requirements for Korea port which will be critical in determining its position as Hub through the careful analysis on competitiveness, environmental impact, port policy and capacity, transshipment traffic and inherent ability to generate traffic. The results are summerized as follows. (1) Coping with increasing container volumes, new investment is sustainedly necessary to increase the capacity and inherent ability of container port and create economies of scale. Moreover, increasing port capacity will increase the potential for the Korea port's inclusion into mainline rather than feeder networks. (2) Considering an increasing awareness of need for customer-oriented operations and service quality rather than simply a reliance on infrastructure-led efficiency, privatization of one sort or another and corporation of port have been key strategies in achieving greater efficiency in Korea containerport.

국화과 식물인 산씀바귀(Lactuca raddeana)를 식물화학적 방법에 의하여 연구한 바 primaylong chain alcohol인 1-hexacosanol과 1-tetracosa not을, triterpene acetate로 β-amyrin acetate, α-amyrin acetate, lupeol acetate, pseudotaraxasterol acetate, taraxasterol acetate 및 germanicol acetate등을, fatty acyl triterpene은 이들의 구성 triter pone alcohol이 triterpone acetate의 경우와 같았으며 acyl moiety는 myristate, palmitate, stearate및 arachidate로 각각 나타났다.