기후변화에 따른 수자원 불균형 문제의 해결을 위해 최근 역삼투막 공정을 이용한 해수 담수화 시설 등이 다양하게 고려되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 역삼투 막의 막오염을 제어하기 위해 화학세정을 실시할 때, 세정효율과 오염막 표면의 잔류물질과의 상관관계를 규명하고자 공업용수 생산에 사용된 RO 막의 화학세정 전⋅후의 막표면 분석을 진행하였다. 막표면에 존재하는 주요 오염물은 미생 물에서 유래된 유기물로 나타났으며, 전형적인 화학세정 결과 대부분의 막표면 유기물이 제거되어 RO 막의 초기 성능이 회복되었다. 그러나 고분자 구조의 방 향족 유기물 특성을 나타내는 미생물 유래물질은 세정후에도 막표면에 잔류하는 것으로 나타나 장기적인 역삼투막 운전을 저해할 것으로 판단된다.

The purpose of this study was to determine the gender differences in the relationships between knowledge of, attachment with, and attitude toward a parent brand and perceived risk of, attitude toward, and purchase intension of an extended product in the case of brand extension. A total of 300 survey questionnaires were distributed to 150 male and 150 female college students, and 275 responses were used for the final analysis. The results showed that for male college students, knowledge of the parent brand had a positive relationship with brand attachment with the parent brand, which in turn had a positive relationship with brand attitude toward the parent brand. Knowledge of the parent brand had a negative relationship with perceived risk of the extended product, which again had a negative relationship with attitude toward the extended product. In addition, for male college students, knowledge of the parent brand had a positive relationship with attitude toward the extended product, which also had a positive relationship with purchase intension of the extended product. For female college students, brand attachment with the parent brand had a positive relationship with brand attitude toward the parent brand, which also had a positive relationship with attitude toward the extended product. Brand attachment with the parent brand showed a negative relationship with perceived risk of the extended product, which also had a negative relationship with attitude toward the extended product.

Temperature correction trans-membrane pressure (TC-TMP) is frequently used as a fouling index in membrane water treatment plants. TC-TMP equation is derived based on an assumption that the total membrane resistance (i.e. the sum of the intrinsic membrane resistance and fouling resistance) is not affected by temperature. This work verified the validity of this assumption using microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) membranes with and without fouling. The foulants used in the work were kaolin (inorganic) and humic acid (organic). The intrinsic resistances of MF and UF membranes remains at constant values regardless of temperature change. When the same amount of foulants were accumulated on the membrane, inorganic fouling resistance with kaolin was constant regardless of temperature change while organic fouling resistance with humic acid decreased at higher temperatures, which means that TC-TMP cannot be used as a fouling index when organic fouling occurs in a real field application. Since TC-TMP underestimates the amount of fouling at higher temperatures, more attention should be necessary in the operation of membrane water treatment plant in a hotter season like summer.

최근 정수 수질 고도화 및 시설 운영 효율화를 위해 분리막 정수처리시설 도입이 활발히 진행되고 있지만 여과효율을 감소시키는 막오염은 분리막 기술 도입에 중요한 문제점 중에 하나이다. 막오염을 제어하기 위해 분리막 세정과정이 처리공정에 적용된다. 본 연구에서는 6년 이상 운전된 막여과 정수처리 공정에서 세정 후 PVDF재질의 한외여과 분리막의 특성 변화를 분석 하였다. 장기사용에도 불구하고 PVDF 막의 물리적 강도 및 연신율에는 거의 변화가 없었으며, 화학세정 후 분리막 표면에 잔류하는 물질은 대부분 소수성의 휴믹산 계열의 유기물로 나타났다. 장시간의 세정으로 인한 막 표면 구조의 변화는 관찰되지 않았으나 사용전막 대비 평균 막 표면 공극 크기가 증가하고 표면 공극율이 감소하는 현상이 확인되었다.

This study investigates faculty and students’ perceptions of English conversation courses in the General English Program (GEP) at a university. A total of 437 students completed the survey and interviews were conducted with 8 of them. Three Native English Speaker (NS) instructors participated in the study by submitting reflective journals and being interviewed. Qualitative as well as quantitative data collection methods were employed to offer a better understanding of the current status of English conversation courses taught by NS instructors. Results about the five research questions are as follows. First, students were satisfied with the courses overall, although it varied across classes taught by each NS instructor. Second, students’ satisfaction with the courses also varied depending on their self-assessment of English proficiency. Third, the results of the stepwise regression analysis showed that NS instructors’ qualifications and attitude were the best predictor of students’ satisfaction with the courses. Fourth, NS instructors expressed dissatisfaction with the current textbooks and administrative support from the university. Fifth, the lack of understanding of both students and Korean culture caused critical classroom management issues, which, in turn, led to students’ negative perceptions of the courses. The findings provide practical implications of this GEP curriculum at the university.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between sports commitment, sportswear brand satisfaction, and brand loyalty of female university students in their 20s. Two hundred surveys were distributed to female university students, and 185 responses were used for the final analysis. The SPSS program was used with a reliability test and factor, frequency, path analysis. Based on the literature review, the following five hypotheses were suggested. H1: Cognitive commitment will have a positive effect on the behavioral commitment of sports commitment factors. H2: The behavioral commitment of female university students will have a positive effect on brand satisfaction. H3: Sportswear brand satisfaction will have a positive effect on continuous brand loyalty. H4: Cognitive commitment will have a positive effect on habitual brand loyalty. H5: Continuous brand loyalty will have a positive effect on habitual brand loyalty. The results of this study showed that first, after the factor analysis, there were two factors of sports commitment (behavioral commitment and cognitive commitment). Second, the path analysis results revealed that there were significant relationships between sports commitment factors (cognitive commitment and behavioral commitment), sportswear brand satisfaction, and brand loyalty factors (continuous brand loyalty and habitual brand loyalty). The results revealed that cognitive commitment had a positive relationship with behavioral commitment, which had a positive relationship with sportswear brand satisfaction. Sportswear brand satisfaction had a positive relationship with continuous brand loyalty, which had a positive relationship with habitual brand loyalty. Cognitive commitment also had a positive relationship with habitual brand loyalty.

It has been widely accepted that the pressure management of water distribution systems using pressure reducing valves(PRVs) would be an effective method for controlling leakages. A pressure reducing valve (PRV) regulates outlet pressure regardless of fluctuating flow and varying inlet pressure, thereby reducing leakage and mitigating the stress on the water distribution system. However, the operation of a PRV is vulnerable to its mechanical condition and hydraulic operability. In this research, the effect of PRVs installed in water distribution system are evaluated in terms of hydraulic pressure reduction and mechanical performance by analyzing measured pressure data with statistical approach. A statistical approach using the moving average filter and frequency analysis based on fourier transform is presented to detect abnormally operated PRVs that have been densely installed in water distribution system. The result shows that the proposed approach can be a good performance evaluation method by simply measuring pressures for the PRVs.

This study have been conducted to analyze the feasibility of establishing Contamination Warning System(CWS) that is capable of monitoring early natural or intentional water quality accidents, and providing active and quick responses for domestic C_water supply system. In order to evaluate the water quality data set, pH, turbidity and free residual chlorine concentration data were collected and each statistical value(mean, variation, range) was calculated, then the seasonal variability of those were analyzed using the independent t-test. From the results of analyzing the distribution of outliers in the measurement data using a high-pass filter, it could be confirmed that a lot of lower outliers appeared due to data missing. In addition, linear filter model based on autoregressive model(AR(1) and AR(2)) was applied for the state estimation of each water quality data set. From the results of analyzing the variability of the autocorrelation coefficient structure according to the change of window size(6hours~48hours), at least the window size longer than 12hours should be necessary for estimating the state of water quality data satisfactorily.

창조경제는 새정부 출범과 함께 제시된 새로운 경제발전의 패러다임이다. 정 부가 창조경제 정책을 추진한지 3년째를 맞이하고 있으나 창조경제의 규모와 추진 성과에 대한 실감형 분석체계는 부족한 편이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 창조경제 정책 추진의 경제적 파급효과를 정량적으로 추정하기 위한 새로운 방법을 제안한다. 먼저 국내외 창조경제 문헌 검토를 통해 문화⋅콘텐츠, SW 산업 등 외국에서 정의되었던 창조경제의 범위를 협의의 창 조산업군으로 정의하고, 우리 정부에서 제시한 고기술⋅첨단제조업, 과학기술서비스업 등을 추가적으로 포괄하여 광의의 창조산업군을 정의하였다. 다음으로 각 산업군 별로 창조경제 의 핵심 동인 중 하나인 ICT기반 혁신에 따른 투입-산출의 연도별 증감액을 추정하고 산업 연관분석을 통해 창조산업 내 ICT 기반 혁신이 전체 산업에 미치는 경제적 파급효과를 추 정하였다. 분석 결과 2013년 이후 전반적인 경기 하락세에서도 광의의 창조산업에서의 ICT기반 혁 신이 전 산업의 생산, 부가가치 및 고용유발효과의 상승세를 견인하고 있음을 확인할 수 있 었다. 그러나 협의의 창조산업군에서는 ICT기반 혁신의 경제적 파급효과의 증가가 미미한 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 크게 두 가지 관점에서 이론적, 정책적 의의가 있다. 첫째로 기 존의 창조경제 성과지표가 투입 역량 중심으로 되어 있어 가시적 효과를 산정하기 어려운 상 황에서 산업연관분석을 통한 산출 중심의 성과를 추정하는 새로운 방법론적 토대를 제공하 였다. 두 번째로 기존의 창조산업 파급효과가 단순히 해당 산업군의 규모 추정에 그쳐 추상 적이고 모호하였다면, 본 분석에서는 창조산업의 전체 규모 중에서 ICT기반 혁신활동이 설 명하는 파급효과를 구체적으로 산출하여 효과 산정의 타당성과 신뢰성을 높였다는 점이다.

본 연구에서는 일시적으로 관절염 증상 완화에 효과가 있는 건강기능식품인 Rosa Canina L.의 지표성분인 hyperoside를 분석하였다. 국내·외 분석법과 저널들을 참고하여 hyperoside의 HPLC 분석법을 확립하였다. Hyperoside의 HPLC 분석법은 이동상과 컬럼에 대한 실험을 통하여 Capcell Pak C18 MG II 컬럼으로 353 nm으로 설정하였다. 시험 분석법 검증은 hyperoside에 대한 직선성, 정확성, 정량한계(LOQ) 및 정밀성을 수행하였다. Hyperoside은 2~60 μg/mL 농도에서 우수한 직선성(R2 = 0.999)을 나타내었다. 정확성의 회수율은 98~99%로 관찰되었으며, LOQ는 0.393 μg/mL으로 나타났고, 재현성에 대한 정밀성은 상대표준편차가 0.6~2.6%로 관찰되었다.

This study aims to examine what factors affect the use of promotion advertisement of Social Network Game(SNG). The results show that the user's age has significant impact on privacy concern. The user's sex and SNG time don't make a difference to privacy concern. Privacy concern has an influence on the advertising attitude of SNG user's. As user had more privacy concern, user has lower attention and credibility, higher annoyingness. User's perception for usefulness, credibility of mobile game advertising and SNG time are proved to be effective factors on the use of SNG promotion advertisement.

건강기능식품 등 중 수용성 비타민 B군 (비타민 B1, 비타민 B2, 나이아신, 비타민 B6)의 동시분석 방법을 확립하기 위하여 본 연구를 실시하였다. HPLC에 의한 수용성 비타민 B군의 분석 방법은 기기분석조건을 확립하고, 국내외 시험법 및 논문을 참고하여 시험 데이터를 분석하였다. 수용성 비타민 B군의 HPLC 분석은 270 nm에서 Capcell Pak C18 UG 120 컬럼을 사용하여 진행되었다. 분석법 검증은 수용성 비타민 B군의 직선성, 정확성, 정량한계, 정밀성에 대해 수행되었다. 직선성은 비타민 B1, 비타민 B2,나이아신(nicotinic acid, nicotinamide), 비타민 B6 모두0.1~2 μm/mL의 농도범위에서 R2= 0.999 이상의 우수한 직선성을 확인할 수 있었다. 회수율을 검토한 결과, 비타민 B1 100~103%, 비타민 B2 104~112%, nicotinic acid 82~85%, nicotinamide 121~124%, 비타민 B6 95~104%의 양호한 회수율을 확인할 수 있었다. LOQ는 비타민 B1 0.04μm/mL, 비타민 B2 0.05 μm/mL, nicotinic acid 0.15 μm/ mL, nicotinamide 0.08 μm/mL, 비타민 B6 0.63 μm/mL 이었다. 정밀성을 검토한 결과, B1 0.4%, 비타민 B2 0.4%, nicotinic acid 0.5%, nicotinamide 0.7%, 비타민 B6 0.4% 로 1% 이내로 양호한 재현성을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 동시 분석법의 정확성을 검증하기 위하여 어린이 기호식품 및 건강기능식품의 표시함량 모니터링을 수행한 결과, 모두 표시기준에 적합함을 확인할 수 있었다.

한국의 중소․중견기업이 글로벌 강소기업으로 성장하기 위해서는 어떠한 역량이 필요한가? 본고에서는 자원기 반관점을 바탕으로 글로벌 혁신역량과 글로벌 시장역량을 글로벌 강소기업으로 성장하기 위한 핵심역량으로 제시 하고 있으며, 이들 역량이 제품개발전략과 시장선택전략을 통해 글로벌 경영성과에 긍정적인 영향을 준다고 보고 있다. 글로벌 강소기업과 후보기업 400개를 설문조사하고 회귀분석을 바탕으로 글로벌 혁신역량과 글로벌 시장 역량이 이들 기업의 글로벌 경영성과를 결정하는 요인인지, 어떤 역량이 보다 중요한 요인인지를 분석하였다. 이 어서 경로분석을 바탕으로 이들 역량이 제품개발전략과 시장선택전략을 통해 경영성과에 영향을 미치는지를 분석 하였다. 또한 글로벌 시장진입장벽이 글로벌 경영성과에 어떠한 영향을 주는지를 분석하였다. 이들 분석결과를 바탕으로 한국의 중소․중견기업이 글로벌 강소기업으로 성장하기 위한 핵심역량과 함께 이론적이고 전략적인 시사 점을 제시하였다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between working environment and quality of life of fashion vendor company workers by using working environment variables such as job stress, job burnout, job satisfaction, and turnover intention. Preliminary test was conducted by interviewing fashion vendor company workers in order to find out factors that were more suitable for their working environment. Main survey was conducted to 200 fashion vendor company workers and 194 responses were analyzed. The results of correlation analysis showed that job stress, job burnout, job satisfaction, turnover intention, and factors of quality of life had significant relationships. Boss stress, role stress, achivement decrease, and personal condition satisfaction showed a significant relationship with turnover intention. The results of path analysis showed that job stress had a positive relationship with job burnout and job burnout had a negative relationship with job satisfaction. Both job stress and job burnout had a positive relationship with turnover intention, whereas job satisfaction had a negative relationship with turnover intention. Also, the results showed that job burnout and turnover intention had a negative relationship with quality of life of fashion vendor company workers, whereas job satisfaction had a positive relationship with quality of life of fashion vendor company workers.

In this study, enhanced cation exchange capacity of polystyrene (PS) electrospun fibers by electron beam irradiation was investigated. PS spinning solutions were prepared by dissolving 25 wt% PS in 75 wt% mixed solvents (dimethylacetamide (DMAc)/tetrahydrofuran (THF)) at the ratio of 33/67% v/v with divinylbenzene (DVB; 0, 1, 2 phr)　as crosslink agent. The PS electrospun fibers were carried out at doses of 0 (control), 100 and 200 kGy. The ion exchange capacity (IEC) of PS electrospun fibers depend on the DVB concentration and irradiation dose. The PS electrospun fiber with DVB 1 phr at dose of 150 kGy showed the maximum IEC of 4.670 mmol/g.

Cellulose is the most useful feedstock in the world that could be used to prepare new kinds of materials, and cellulose derivatives have potential application as functional polymers. Due to the present of hydroxyl groups, cellulose is considered to be an excellent material for surface modification. Among the chemical modification method, Graft copolymerization is a well-established and commonly used technique for modification of polymer surface. In this study, sulfonated GMA-g-cellulose ion exchange fibers were synthesized by gamma-ray mutual radiation. The conversion of epoxy groups into the functional groups was investigated. Factors affecting on grafting process such as radiation dose, monomer concentration, added salt and cross-linking agent were studied.