We fabricated YBCO film using a TFA-MOD method. In order to enhance the reaction kinetics and to control the formation of the second phases, and powders were used as precursors (the so called "211 process"). The films were calcined at and then fired at in a 12.1% humidified atmosphere. We found that the microstructure varied significantly with the firing temperature. The textures of all of the films were similar and mainly biaxial. For the film fired at , the critical current was obtained to be 39 A/cm-width (corresponding critical current density is 2.0 MA/).

We fabricated Bi-2212/ composite superconductors and evaluated the effects of the powder mixing method and melting temperature on their microstructure and superconducting properties. The Bi-2212 powders were mixed with by hand-mixing (HM) and planetary ball milling (PBM) and then the powder mixtures were melted at , solidified, and annealed. We found that the powder mixture prepared by PBM was finer and more homogeneously mixed than that prepared by HM, resulting in more homogeneous microstructure and smaller and second phases after annealing.