To improve the lithium-ion battery performance and stability, a conducting polymer, which can simultaneously serve as both a conductive additive and a binder, is introduced into the anode. Water-soluble polyaniline:polystyrene sulfonate (PANI:PSS) can be successfully prepared through chemical oxidative polymerization, and their chemical/mechanical properties are adjusted by varying the molecular weight of PSS. As a conductive additive, the PANI with a conjugated double bond structure is introduced between active materials or between the active material and the current collector to provide fast and short electrical pathways. As a binder, the PSS prevents short circuits through strong π‒π stacking interaction with active material, and it exhibits superior adhesion to the current collector, thereby ensuring the maintenance of stable mechanical properties, even under high-speed charging/discharging conditions. Based on the synergistic effect of the intrinsic properties of PANI and PSS, it is confirmed that the anode with PANI:PSS introduced as a binder has about 1.8 times higher bonding strength (0.4 kgf/20 mm) compared to conventional binders. Moreover, since active materials can be additionally added in place of the generally added conductive additives, the total cell capacity increased by about 12.0%, and improved stability is shown with a capacity retention rate of 99.3% even after 200 cycles at a current rate of 0.2 C.

본 연구는 관상적 가치가 뛰어난 한반도 자생식물 너도개미 자리[Minuartia laricina (L.) Mattf.]의 산업화를 위한 대량 번 식 기술을 개발하기 위해 수행되었다. 종자 번식 실험에서는 2023년 8월 16일 형태적으로 완전히 성숙한 종자를 채종하여 사용하였으며, 종자의 내부 형태를 관찰한 결과 배가 완전히 발달하여 미숙배로 인한 형태적 휴면(MD)은 없음을 확인하였 다. 또한, 종자를 증류수에 침지시켜 수분 흡수율을 조사한 결과 수분흡수 24시간 후 약 66%의 수분 흡수율을 보여 불투수성 종피에 의한 물리적 휴면(PY)도 없음을 확인하였다. 실온 (22±2℃)에서 후숙처리(Dry after-ripening)를 0, 4, 21주 실 시 후 각각 4, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30℃로 설정된 기내 발아 실험을 진행하였다. 실험의 결과, 후숙 4주 처리 후 20℃에 치상한 종자 의 발아율이 약 76%로 가장 높았다. 후숙 처리를 하지 않은 종자는 12주 내 어떠한 온도 조건에서도 발아하지 않아 생리 적 휴면(PD)으로 판단되었다. 삽목 번식 실험에서는 줄기삽목 (Stem-cutting) 방식으로 진행하였고, 루톤 분제 처리가 발근 에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 루톤 분제를 처리하지 않은 처리 구는 발근율과 생존율이 100%로 나타났으며, 루톤 분제가 처리 된 삽수는 이들보다 발근율과 생존율이 통계적으로 유의하게 낮았다. 따라서 너도개미자리 종자는 생리적 휴면 종자로 분류 되며, 4주간의 후숙 처리가 휴면 타파에 효과적인 것으로 확인 되었다. 또한, 너도개미자리 삽목 번식 시 별도의 발근 촉진제 처리가 필요하지 않음을 확인하였다.

Tube, an intracellular protein of the Toll-pathway, forms a complex with Pelle and MyD88, and regulates a signal transduction to activate NF-κB in Drosophila. To understand the antimicrobial function of TmTube, the induction patterns of TmTube were investigated at 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 h-post injection of pathogens into 10th to 12th instar larvae. In addition, we investigated the effects of TmTube RNAi on larval mortality and tissue specific AMP expression in response to microbial challenge. Our results will provide a basic information to elucidate the immunological function of TmTube

Mycoviruses are a group of viruses that infect filamentous fungi. While most hosts infected with mycoviruses do not show any symptoms. In some cases, mycoviruses induce various phenotypic changes include alterations in morphology, drug resistance, pathogenicity, virulence, sporulation, and growth. Entomopathogenic fungi are one of the integrated pest management agents as an alternative to conventional insecticides. Mycoviruses have the potential as supportive agents, enhancing the efficiency of the insecticidal activity of the fungi. Studies about mycoviruses themselves and their interaction with their hosts, especially entomopathogenic fungi, are needed to realize their full potential. In this work, the sequence of the dsRNA element isolated from the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium pinghaense 4-2 strain was determined. Through this study, we report the sequence of a dsRNA virus isolated from the Metarhizium pinghaense for the first time. In further studies, the ORF of the mycovirus that induces a phenotype change in the host will be researched.

본 연구는 네트워크 이상 감지 및 예측을 위해 벡터 자기회귀(VAR) 모델의 사용을 비교 분석한다. VAR 모 델에 대한 간략한 개요를 제공하고 네트워크 이상 체크로 사용 가능한 두 가지 버전을 검토하며 두 종류의 VAR 모델을 통한 경험적인 평가를 제시한다. VAR-Filtered moving-common-AR 모델이 단일 노드 이상 감지 성능에서 우수하며, VAR-Adaptive Learning 버전은 몇 개의 노드 간 이상을 효과적으로 식별하는 데 특히 효 과적이며 두 가지 주요VAR 모델의 전반적인 성능 차이에 대한 근본적인 이유도 분석한다. 각 기술의 장단점 을 개요로 제공하고 성능 향상을 위한 제안도 제시하고자 한다.

Sweet persimmons are valuable commodity in the export market. However, present of insect pest such as Asiacornococcus kaki can cause limit to many export markets. In this study, ethyl formate(EF), as alternative to methyl bromide(MB), was used in scale-up commercial trial(20ft reefer). Application of 50 g/m3 of EF for 6 hours at 5 ℃ showed proven efficacy against all developmental stages of A. kaki without LLDPE-packaging fruits and no phytotoxic damage on sweet persimmons. This study demonstrated that EF fumigation can be effectively control to target A. kaki before packaging with LLDPE-film of fruits.

As global warming and consumer’s preference for tropical/subtropical fruits increase, the number of orchards cultivating tropical/subtropical fruits in Korea is increasing. Accordingly, concerns about the introduction of exotic invasive pests that host tropical fruits. In this study, efficacy of ethyl formate(EF), as alternative to methyl bromide(MB), was evaluated. Commercial trial of EF was conducted in mango post-harvest storage conditions for controlling Scirtothrips dorsalis. Application of 10 g/m3 of EF for 4 hours at 10 ℃ showed proven efficacy on S. dorsalis without any phytotoxic damage on mango fruits in that condition.

Neoporphyra kitoi Ma. Abe, N. Kikuchi, Tamaki, Tom. Sato, Murase, Fujiyoshi & Mas. Kobayashi has been known as an endemic species in Japan. Its high temperature tolerance suggests that it could be advantageous for cultivation. In this study, we collected it from the Ulleungdo island, Korea and transferred it into Pyropia for a new combination, identified as Pyropia kitoi (Ma. Abe, N. Kikuchi, Tamaki, Tom. Sato, Murase, Fujiyoshi & Mas. Kobayashi) D.J. Kim, T.O. Cho & B.Y. Won comb. nov. based on morphological and molecular analyses. Pyropia kitoi is also reported as a new record species in the list of Korean macroalgal flora. Although we didn’t observe the emergence of new blades from the rhizoidal cells, which is a key character for this species, our molecular analysis of rbcL revealed that our samples from Korea were congruent with “Neoporphyra kitoi” from Japan and were nested within the clade of Pyropia. The gene sequence divergence between the Korean and Japanese samples was 0-0.2%.

The advent of big data has brought about the need for analytics. Natural language processing (NLP), a field of big data, has received a lot of attention. Topic modeling among NLP is widely applied to identify key topics in various academic journals. The Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering (KSIE) has published academic journals since 1978. To enhance its status, it is imperative to recognize the diversity of research domains. We have already discovered eight major research topics for papers published by KSIE from 1978 to 1999. As a follow-up study, we aim to identify major topics of research papers published in KSIE from 2000 to 2022. We performed topic modeling on 1,742 research papers during this period by using LDA and BERTopic which has recently attracted attention. BERTopic outperformed LDA by providing a set of coherent topic keywords that can effectively distinguish 36 topics found out this study. In terms of visualization techniques, pyLDAvis presented better two-dimensional scatter plots for the intertopic distance map than BERTopic. However, BERTopic provided much more diverse visualization methods to explore the relevance of 36 topics. BERTopic was also able to classify hot and cold topics by presenting ‘topic over time’ graphs that can identify topic trends over time.

Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are members of the family Orthomyxoviridae and genus Orthomyxovirus. Avian and mammalian species are the host of IAVs, which includes humans and dogs. Canine influenza virus (CIV) is an emerging pathogen that causes severe and acute respiratory diseases in dogs. This study monitored the antigen and antibody against CIV in dogs in the Republic of Korea (ROK) from 2016 to 2021. One thousand and seventy-two nasal swabs and 1,545 blood samples were collected from animal hospitals and animal shelters. Five nasal swabs in 2017 and seven in 2018 from stray dogs were positive for CIV according to RT-PCR. The prevalence of H3N2 CIV ranged from 9.5% to 24.8%, according to the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay. On the other hand, none of the serum samples from 2018 to 2021 showed seropositivity against the avian H5, H7, and H9 viruses. The HI titers for H3N2 ranged from 16 to 512. The distribution of HI titer 16–32 was 57.6% in seropositive samples. The pet dogs were vaccinated against CIV, but the stray and military dogs were unvaccinated. In 2017 and 2018, the seroprevalence of CIV in stray dogs was higher than in the other years, and viral RNA was detected in nasal swabs. It may mean previous exposure of stray dogs to CIV. With the increasing number of pet dogs and the close contact between humans and dogs, canines could serve as an intermediate host for transmitting IAVs to humans. Therefore, continuous surveillance of CIV is needed for public health and the potential emergence of novel zoonotic viruses.