The Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research Council within the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries looks over the Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries Research and Development Project. Every five years, it revises the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research Basic Plan. Based on the information above, the following suggestions are made to implement domestic research projects. First, the strategic planning and promotion of research and development projects are needed to achieve the goals of the country and agricultural policy. Second, it is necessary to break up and diversify research assignments so that the project implementation reflects the trend of the time. Third, there is a need to develop a research partnership that strengthens cooperation among industry, academia, government, and research institutes to utilize technology seeds from fields other than agriculture. Fourth, it is necessary to improve field demonstration research projects where central and local research institutes, universities, private companies, agricultural cooperation, and farmers can participate. Fifth, follow-ups should be conducted at the end of research to advance research implementation systems. Finally, there is a need to build a new dissemination system which includes research results and policy.

The Japanese government, on the basis of the Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas Basic Act, announced the 4th Basic Plan for Food, Agriculture and Rural areas, at the same time the third Basic Plan for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research in March 2015. The Basic Plan is configured as improvement of food self-sufficiency rate, a stable food supply, agricultural maintenance and development, rural promotion. The new target for the calorie-based food self-sufficiency ratio has been lowered from the previous 50 percent by 2020 to 45 percent by 2025. The production target for table rice has been lowered, but production targets for rice for flour and rice for feed have been raised significantly - five times and 10 times the more than current production by 2025, respectively. The 4th Basic Plan included the important measures of 24 and the details practice challenges of 50 should be intensively promoted for the next five years. The new Research Basic Plan set 21 key targets research and development to solve problems promptly faced by producers with the aim of increasing income in agriculture and rural communities and 11 priority targets research and development to be steadily promoted under medium- to long-term strategy. In addition, it announced the necessary measures of 10 at three areas in order to promote more efficiency and effective in the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research. In Korea, it refers to the announcement contents of Japan where there is a need to formulate a development plan for Agriculture, Rural Areas and Food Industry Development Plan that meets the Korean situation.

본 연구에서는 볶음 처리 후 여주의 총 phenolics, 총 flavonoids, 갈변물질(MRPs, maillard reaction products), 항산화 활성 및 α-glucosidase 저해활성을 비교하였다. 또한 alkaloids 유도체와 쓴맛 저감 효과를 평가하였다. 볶음 온도 및 시간이 증가함에 따라 볶음 처리된 여주는 총 phenolics, 총 flavonoids, MRPs, 항산화 활성 및 α-glucosidase 저해활성 역시 증가하였으나, alkaloid계 화합물 및 쓴맛은 감소하였다. 특히 200℃에서 15분 동안 볶은 여주는 총 phenolics, 총 flavonoids, MRPs, 항산화 활성 및 α-glucosidase 저해활성이 가장 높았고 alkaloid계 화합물 및 쓴맛은 가장 낮게 나타났다. 이 결과로부터 볶음 여주는 쓴맛이 저감되고 이들 추출물은 식품에서도 잠재적인 천연 항산화제로 사용할 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

We investigated the inhibitory effects of solvent extracts from Ailanthus altissima in A549 human lung cancer cell. A. altissima has been recognized as a traditional healthy food due to its various biological activities against hypertension, strokes, fever, pain, neuralgia, inflammation, and cancer effects. Recently, it has been reported that the extracts of various wild vegetables show strong anti-cancer properties by induction of apoptosis. However, the mechanisms of their cytotoxicity in human lung cancer cells have been poorly understood. The present study was investigated the effects of solvent extracts from A. altissima on cell growth and apoptosis on A549 human lung cancer cells. A treatment of A. altissima inhibited the growth of A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner by inducing apoptosis. Especially, the chloroform fraction showed the highest anti-cancer effect among five kinds of fractions. And also, induction of apoptosis by chloroform fraction were associated with down-regulation of Bcl-2, and up-regulation of pro-apoptotic Bax expression. From these results, A. altissima may have a therapeutic potential in human lung cancer cells and as a functional food.

This study was designed to improve the sensory characteristics and mitigate the bitter taste of Platycodon gradiflorum. It was aimed at investigating the qualitative properties of fermented P. gradiflorum after repeated steaming and drying treatments. P. gradiflorum was heated for 2 hr at 95℃, being the first and third treatments compared afterwards. Lactobacillus plantarum, at a concentration of 10%, was used as starter culture. As a result, the third steaming process and the addition of starter improved the physical and chemical properties of P. gradiflorum i.e., crude saponin and total polyphenol contents increased significantly. Moreover, P. gradiflorum steamed three times and fermented by L. plantarum showed the higher overall preference score. Our results indicated that the three-time steaming and drying was an effective manufacturing process for the production of high-quality fermented P. gradiflorum. Lactic acid-fermented P. gradiflorum also could have a potential use as a valuable resource for the development of functional products.