We successfully synthesized a porous carbon material with abundant hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) dispersed on a carbon matrix (p-BN-C) as efficient electrocatalysts for two-electron oxygen reduction reaction ( 2e− ORR) to produce hydrogen peroxide ( H2O2). This catalyst was fabricated via ball-milling-assisted h-BN exfoliation and subsequent growth of carbon structure. In alkaline solutions, the h-BN/carbon heterostructure exhibited superior electrocatalytic activity for H2O2 generation measured by a rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE), with a remarkable selectivity of up to 90–97% in the potential range of 0.3–0.6 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), superior to most of the reported carbon-based electrocatalysts. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations indicated that the B atoms at the h-BN heterostructure interface were crucial active sites. These results underscore the remarkable catalytic activity of heterostructure and provide a novel approach for tailoring carbon-based catalysts, enhancing the selectivity and activity in the production of H2O2 through heterostructure engineering.

본 연구는 COVID-19 중∙후 과정에서 나타난 중국 4세 유아의 신체 발달, 정서발달의 실태 현황을 파악하여 이를 토대로 정책적 제안을 하 고자 한다. 이를 위해 동영시와 빈저우시에 거주하는 중국 4세 유아의 학부모 1,040명을 통해 설문지를 수집하였으며 수집된 설문지는 SPSS 25.0을 이용하여 분석하였다. 이를 통해 국가및 지역사회의 유아교육 정 책 입안자, 유아교육 기관의 교직원, 학부모 등 유아 발달에 관한 정책 방안 및 실제적인 지침을 수립하는데 필요한 기초정보를 제공하고자 한 다. 또한 유아의 신체발달, 정서발달에 관한 다양한 프로그램을 개발하는 데에도 도움을 주고자 한다.

For the regeneration of diesel particulate filters (DPF) using non-thermal plasma (NTP), both cost-effectiveness and regeneration efficiency should be raised. This study compared and contrasted the physicochemical characteristics of carbon black and engine particulate matter (PM). After carbon black was put into the DPF, an experimental setup for the oxidation of PM using NTP was created. The findings showed that carbon black and PM samples had comparable oxidation traits, micronanostructures, and C/O elemental ratios. O3, the main active species in NTP, was susceptible to heat breakdown, and the rate of decomposition of O3 increases with increasing temperature. The removal effectiveness of carbon black first improved and subsequently declined with an increase in the NTP injection flow rate during offline DPF regeneration using NTP at room temperature. A relatively high carbon black removal efficiency of 85.1% was achieved at an NTP injection flow rate of 30 L/min.

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) service robots is on the rise. With service frontlines gradually shifting to human–robot interactions, the question of whether AI robots should be humanlike or machinelike has emerged. While many firms use robots that resemble humans in their appearance and actions, others use machinelike robots, assuming that very humanlike robots may lead to uncanny valley effects. There is no consensus on whether the anthropomorphism of service robots facilitates or constrains consumers’ experiences. To fill this gap, this article examines when and how service companies should use anthropomorphic AI service robots.

The present studies explored the possibility of immobilizing phosphocholine (PC) liposomes on the surface of graphene oxide (GO) which was pre-adsorbed with two kinds of enzymes, horseradish peroxidase and glucose oxidase. The transmission electron microscope images showed that the PC liposomes adsorbed onto the GO surface kept integrity. By using 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS)-encapsulated liposomes, a one-step colorimetric assay for glucose was developed. In the presence of glucose, the GO nanocomposites catalyzed the cascade enzymatic reaction producing colorimetric signals directly. Under the optimal conditions, the GO nanocomposites produced linearly increased colorimetric signal with increased concentrations of glucose ranging from 50 to 500 μM. The detection limit was 33 μM. The GO nanocomposites also exhibited good selectivity for the detection of glucose and were able to detect glucose in human serum.

본 연구에서는 컴퓨터 교육에 참여하는 대학생들의 학습 참 여 동기와 진로의사 결정 성향이 진로준비행동에 미치는 영향 및 진로의사 결정 성향의 매개효과를 규명하는 데 있었다. 아 울러 연구결과를 바탕으로 대학생의 진로준비행동 증진 향상을 위해 방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 본 논문의 연구대상은 중국 랴오닝성 S시(遼寧省S市)에 소재학습참여한 대학생이며, 설문 조사를 실시하였다. 수집한 설문지 응답 자료는 SPSS 21.0 프 로그램을 사용하여 기술 통계분석, 빈도분석, 신뢰도와 타당도 요인분석, 다중회귀 분석, 상관관계 분석 등을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 학습 참여 동기가 진로준비행동에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 학습 참여 동기 가 진로의사 결정 성향에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인 되었다. 셋째, 진로의사 결정 성향은 진로준비행동에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 학습 참여 동기와 진로 준비행동의 관계에서 진로의사 결정 성향의 매개효과가 전체적 으로 나타났으며, 진로의사 결정 성향은 부분 매개 작용을 하 는 것으로 밝혀져 채택되었다. 이와 같은 연구결과는 대학생들 의 학습 참여 동기 및 진로의사 결정 성향는 진로준비행동에 중요하다는 것을 알 수 있다.

Polypyrrole (PPy) decorated on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) films is successfully prepared with pyrrole (Py) monomers and rGO through one-step combining oxidation with polymerization reaction. Compared with the pure individual components, rGO/PPy compound turns out better electrochemical characteristics owing to the introduction of rGO sheets, which improves the specific surface area and the conductivity of composite material. When the amount of rGO is 10% of the total, the rGO/PPy compound delivers the best capacitance of 389.3 F g−1 at 1.0 A g−1 in a three-electrode system and 266.8 F g−1 at 0.25 A g−1 in the symmetric supercapacitor system. In addition, asymmetric device (rGO/PPy//AC) has been successfully fabricated using optimized rGO/PPy compound as positive electrode, activated carbon as negative electrode (AC) and 1 M Na2SO4 aqueous solution as electrolyte. The device obtains long cycle stability under the high-voltage region from 0 to 1.6 V, meanwhile displaying the satisfied energy density of 19.7 Wh kg−1 at 478.1 W kg−1. Besides, the rGO/PPy//AC device presents satisfactory rate capability and long life time.

This research offers a concise retrospect on the South-South Coalition Strategy within multilateral trade negotiations of the GATT/WTO framework. The SSC strategy evolved in the postwar era, when the South integrated itself to demand for a New International Economic Order featured by fairness of outcome in international economic rules and activities. It then encountered an opponent trend of neo-liberalism, through which the South practically decided to sectoral exchange of economic interests with the North. From the new millennium onward, the South is learning to adopt a more issue-specific SSC strategy in trade negotiations. Although a question is arising for the future of SSC because of some emerging nations rising out from the traditional South group, a timely reflection from an evolutionary perspective would facilitate the understanding of the SSC strategy for weak countries to establish a fairer international economic order.

Many advanced ground-based solar telescopes improve the spatial resolution of observation images using an adaptive optics (AO) system. As any AO correction remains only partial, it is necessary to use post-processing image reconstruction techniques such as speckle masking or shift-and-add (SAA) to reconstruct a high-spatial-resolution image from atmospherically degraded solar images. In the New Vacuum Solar Telescope (NVST), the spatial resolution in solar images is improved by frame selection and SAA. In order to overcome the burden of massive speckle data processing, we investigate the possibility of using the speckle reconstruction program in a real-time application at the telescope site. The code has been written in the C programming language and optimized for parallel processing in a multi-processor environment. We analyze the scalability of the code to identify possible bottlenecks, and we conclude that the presented code is capable of being run in real-time reconstruction applications at NVST and future large aperture solar telescopes if care is taken that the multi-processor environment has low latencies between the computation nodes.

Recurring jets, which are jets ejected from the same site, are a peculiar type among various solar jet phenomena. We report such recurring jets ejecting from the same site above an active region on January 22, 2012 with high-resolution multi-wavelength observations from Solar Dynamics Observatory(SDO). We found that the recurring jets had velocities, lengths and lifetimes, but had similar directions. The visible brightening appeared at the jet base before each jet erupted. All the plasma produced by the recurring jets could not overcome the large coronal loops. It seemed that the plasma ejecting from the jet base was confined and guided by preexisting coronal loops, but their directions were not along the paths of the loops. Two of the jets formed crossing structures with the same preexisting filament. We also examined the photospheric magnetic field at the jet base, and observed a visible flux emergence, convergence and cancellation. The four recurring jets all were associated with the impulsive cancellation between two opposite polarities occurring at the jet base during each eruption. In addition, we suggest that the fluxes, flowing out of the active region, might supply the energy for the recurring jets by examining the SDO/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) successive images. The observational results support the magnetic reconnection model of jets.

In Malaysia, figurative painting has increasingly become a means for artists to pose questions about presumptions of power and assumptions of history. The body, its potentially breached boundaries and defenses, forms an integral component of the battle for political influence. The degree of control over one's own and other people's bodies has become a measuring stick to determine the power of potential political leaders. Anxiety about boundaries and access to powerful bodies is intertwined with the questions of who has the right to hold power; the relevance of moral bodies and of what comprises an ideal self or selves. These questions are raised in intriguing ways in contemporary Malaysian art. While eschewing a direct take on current politics, Malaysian artists have increasingly turned to the body to address issues in Malaysian history, culture and the distribution of power. This paper will explore some works by three artists in particular, Wong Hoy Cheong, Nadiah Bamadhaj and Ahmad Fuad Osman use the figure to problematise dominant narratives in Malaysian history. Their work variously challenge political, racial and gender hierarchies and in so doing, reveal them as social constructions.