생장조절물질과 광도가 국화 경정배양에 미치는 영향 을 조사하였다. 다신초(multiple shoots) 형성은 국화 경 정을 MS배지에 kinetin 2.0mg · L-1와 NAA 0.2mg · L-1 첨가된 배지에 배양하였을 때 촉진되었으며, 형성된 다 신초는 MS배지에 kinetin 2.0mg · L-1와 NAA 0.02 mg · L-1 첨가된 배지에 배양하였을 때 생육이 촉진되었 다. 한편, 국화 경정을 NAA 0.2mg·L-1와 BA 1.0mg · L- 1가 첨가된 배지에 배양하였을 경우에는 절편체당 신초 형성 수가 6.9개로 가장 많았으나 형성된 신초의 대부분 이 유리질화 되었다. 기내에서 국화묘의 생장은 광도 100 μmol · m-2 · s-1 PPFD에서 신초의 길이와 엽록소 함량이 가장 높았다.

Carbon molecular sieve (CMS) membranes were prepared by pyrolysis of polyimides having carboxylic acid groups and applied to the hydrogen separation. The polymeric membranes having carboxylic acid groups showed different steric properties as compared with polymeric membranes having other side groups (-CH3 and -CF3) because of the hydrogen bond between the carboxylic acid groups. However, the microporous CMS membranes were significantly affected by the decomposable side groups evidenced from the wide angle X-rat diffraction, nitrogen adsorption isotherms, and single gas permeation measurement. Furthermore, the gas separation properties of the CMS membranes were essentially affected by the pyrolysis temperature. As a result, the CMS membranes Prepared by Pyrolysis of polyimide containing carboxylic acid froups at 700℃ showed the H2 permeability of 3,809 Baller [1×10-10 H cm(STP)cm/cm2.s.cmHg], H2/N2, selectivity of 46 and H2/CH4 selectivity of 130 while the CMS membranes derived from polyimide showed the H2 permeability of 3,272 Barrer, H2/N2 selectivity of 136 and H2/CH4 selectivity of 177.

The functional Jeungpyuns with dietary fiber containing cereals such as brown rice and barley flour were developed and physiochemical properties were investigated. The water binding capacity had significantly the highest value of 28.4% in raw rice flour,

Polyvinylpyrrolidone을 포함하는 폴리이미드 전구체의 열분해 공정을 통해 탄소분자체막을 제조하였으며 열분해성 고분자를 포함하는 전구체를 통해 제조된 막의 구조 및 기체 투과 특성에 대해 연구 하였다. 열분해성 고분자를 포함하는 전구체의 열적 특성을 조사한 결과 열적으로 안정한 폴리이미드의 경우 550℃에서 분해되는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며 열분해성 고분자의 경우 400℃에서 분해가 시작되는 것을 TCA를 통해 확인하였다 제조된 탄소분자체막의 기체 투과 특성을 조사한 결과 최종 열분해 온도가 증가됨에 따라 기체 투과도는 감소하였으며 열분해성 고분자를 포함한 전구체로부터 제조된 탄소분자체막의 경우 기체 투과가 향상됨을 알 수 있었다. 열분해성 고분자를 함유하는 전구체로부터 550℃에서 열분해를 통해 제조된 탄소분자체막의 경우 O2 투과도 808 Barrer [10-10cm3 (STP)cm/cm2scmHg]과 O2/N2선택도 7을 나타내었다.

포항지역 주민 500명을 대상으로 꽁치과메기의 기호도 조사를 한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 과메기 용어 인지 여부에 대해서는 대부분 응답자가 알고 있었으며, 과메기 시식 여부는 92.5%가 먹어 보았으며. 먹어 보지 못한 7.5%에 대해 그 이유를 알아본 결과 먹고 싶지 않았다가 61.3%를 차지하였다. 연령별 시식 여부 차이 분석에서 나이가 많을수록 대부분 과메기를 먹어 본 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 과메기를 먹는 때는 술안주로가 80.9%로 가장 많았다. 남(86.5%). 여(56.8%) 모두 술안주로 먹는 경우가 가장 많았다. 간식으로 먹는 경우도 남자(6.6%)보다 여자(16.3%)가 많게 나타났다(p<0.05). 또한 연령이 많을수록 간식으로 먹는 경우가 많았다. 이러한 결과를 놓고 볼 때 사철과메기띄 개발 또는 포항 꽁치과메기가 향토식품으로 자리잡기 위해서는 술안주로서의 과메기가 아니라 조리방법이나 스낵 등의 가공방법 개발 등을 통하여 반찬이나 간식으로 먹을 수 있어야 진정한 먹거리로서 자리잡을 수 있을 것이다. 과메기를 처음 먹은 계기는 주위의 권유로 먹은 경우가 57.9%로 가장 많았다. 연령별로 살펴보면 젊을수록 과메기를 주위의 권유로 먹은 경우가 많으며, 나이가 많을수록 먹음직스러워서 과메기를 처음 먹은 계기가 된 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 과메기 선호도는 92.5%가 과메기에 대해 호의적인 응답을 하였다. 남자가 여자보다 과메기를 더 선호하는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 연령별로는 31∼40세 연령층이 과메기를 가장 선호하는 계층으로 나타났다. 과메기를 먹을 때 곁들여 먹는 것으로 과메기, 생미역, 초고추장으로 먹는 경우가 가장 많았다. 포항 지역 주민들은 과메기를 먹을 때 대부분 생미떡과 곁들떠 먹지만 초고추장 없이 먹는 경우도 적지 않았다. 대부분3∼10마리 정도 1회 먹는 것으로 나타났으며, 20마리 이상 많이 먹는 주민도 남녀 거의 유사하게 나타났다. 따라서 여성층의 과메기 애호가도 많다는 것(5.6%)을 알 수 있다(p<0.05).

The characterization of detectors installed in space- and ground-based instruments is important to evaluate the system performance. We report the development of a detector performance test system for astronomical applications using the Andor iKon M CCD camera. The performance test system consists of a light source, monochromator, integrating sphere, and power meters. We adopted the Czerny–Tuner monochromator with three ruled gratings and one mirror, which covers a spectral range of 200–9,000 nm with a spectral resolution of ~1 nm in the visible region. Various detector characteristics, such as the quantum efficiency, sensitivity, and noise, can be measured in wide wavelength ranges from the visible to mid-infrared regions. We evaluated the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) detector performance test system by using the performance verification of the Andor iKon-M CCD camera. The test procedure includes measurements of the conversion gain (2.86 e−/ADU), full well capacity (130 K e−), nonlinearity, and pixel defects. We also estimated the read noise, dark current, and quantum efficiency as a function of the temperature. The lowest measured read noise is 12 e−. The dark current at 223 K was determined to be 7 e−/s/pix and its doubling temperature is 5.3°C ± 0.2°C at an activation energy of 0.6 eV. The maximum quantum efficiency at 223 K was estimated to be 93 % ± 2 %. We proved that the quantum efficiency is sensitive to the operating temperature. It varies up to 5 % in the visible region, while the variation increases to 30 % in the near-infrared region. Based on the comparison of our results with the test report by the vendor, we conclude that our performance test results are consistent with those from the vendor considering the test environment. We also confirmed that the KASI detector performance test system is reliable and our measurement method and analysis are accurate.

This study aimed to analyze the effects of a horticultural occupation therapy program using a healing garden on the emotional rehabilitation of patients with acute and chronic mental disorders, and to identify the possibility of using horticultural occupational therapy as a mental rehabilitation service to promote the social rehabilitation of patients with mental disorders. In this study, 20 patients diagnosed as chronic mental disorder at Seoul Metropolitan E hospital and 22 as acute mental disorder at Incheon H hospital were divided into 2 groups for Horticultural occupation therapy (HOT) and Group occupational therapy (GOT). General occupational therapy was provided 4 times a week for the experimental groups of patients with chronic and acute mental disorders, and a horticultural occupational therapy program using a healing garden was provided only once a week, a total of 12 sessions, for the experimental groups. For the control groups of patients with acute and chronic mental disorders, occupational therapy was provided 5 times a week only. Among the acute mental disorder patients, the treatment group showed a significant decrease in Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and emotional stress scale (ES), whereas the control group didn’t (p<.001). On the other hand, such significant changes were not seen among the chronic GOT. Futhermore, the chronic HOT showed the significant effect in physical stress scale (PSE).

Background: We investigated the optimal aqueous extraction conditions for recovery of high yields of total phenolic compounds from roots of Arctium lappa L. (burdock, Asteraceae), and we compared their antioxidant capacity.Methods and Results: The antioxidant activity of the extracts was tested using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)-diammonium salt, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity assays. In addition, the major phenolic compounds present in the extracts were determined by high performance liquid chromatography analysis. Our results suggest that the roasted burdock 100°C, 15 min extract exhibited the strongest radical scavenging activity and possessed the highest concentration of phenolic compounds. The polyphenol content of both dried burdock and roasted burdock significantly increased with increase in the extraction temperature and time.Conclusions: These results indicated a relationship between phenolic compound levels in burdock and their free radical scavenging activities. This suggests that phenolic compounds significantly increase the antioxidant potential of burdock extracts.

Background : Ramie, Boehmeria nivea (L) Gaud, is a bast fiber plant of the nettle family (Urticaceae) and originated in Asia. We have taken an active interest in ramie breeding for edible ramie, and consequently select "Yeonggwang No.1" with high yielding and good quality for edible leaves in 2015. Methods and Results : "Yeonggwang No.1" is a new ramie variety for edible leaves, which was derived from the plants of the population for pure clone isolation from 2013 to 2014, and progressively for specific character and yield trial in 2014 to 2015. The yield trials were carried on the field and the greenhouse with two replications, respectively. The plant height of "Yeonggwang No.1" is about 140 ㎝ with 6 ㎝ higher than that of check variety "Seobang" The leaves are heart-shaped, with large size, and finely serrated margins. The color of the upper side of the leaf is dark green, and silvery white on the under surface. The flowers are light purple in color and are borne in declinate clusters in the axils of the leaves. The average SLW (specific leaf weight) was 8.56 ㎎/㎠, which was weight lighter than that of check "Seobang", but chlorophyll content measured by a Chlorophyll meter, SPAD-502 was 12.3 SPAD higher than that of "Seobang". Fresh leaf yield was the annual total 1,578 ㎏/10 a in the field, and 2,479 ㎏/10 a in the greenhouse, which was 98% level of "Seobang" in the field, and increased by 10% than check "Seobang" in the greenhouse. The fresh leaves yield of "Yeonggwang No.1" tended to increased in changes according to time more than "Seobang". Conclusion : As a new variety, Yeonggwang No.1 can be harvested leaves several times annually, with the yield range of 1,578 – 2,479 ㎏/10 a, having 72.3% moisture, 6.61% crude protein, 987 ㎎ calcium, 5.27 Fe in its leaves. These results seem to indicate that there is considerable scope for increasing the fresh leaf yield of ramie and improving the processing quality by means of selection from the large and comparatively unexplored pool of variation, which should be obtainable from this heterozygous plant.

We present proton-induced single event effects (SEEs) and γ-ray-induced total ionizing dose (TID) data for 1 Gbit lowpower double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (LPDDR SDRAM) fabricated on a 5 μm epitaxial layer (54 nm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology). We compare our radiation tolerance data for LPDDR SDRAM with those of general DDR SDRAM. The data confirms that our devices under test (DUTs) are potential candidates for space flight applications.

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seeds have long been clinically used in Korea to promote bone formation and prevent osteoporosis. In addition, the safflower buds (SB) were found to have more useful functional ingredients than safflower seed. Thus, we investigated the preventive effects of SB diet in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. The rats were divided into five groups; sham operated group, OVX alone group, OVX plus 17β-estradiol (E2 10 ㎍/㎏, i.p.) and OVX plus SB diet feeding group (0.3% or 1%). Feeding of SB diet (0.3% or 3%) to OVX rats markedly increased trabecular formation in femur compared to OVX rats. Feeding of SB diet (0.3% or 3%) to OVX rats also decreased TRAP activity compared to OVX rats. These results suggest that SB diets have bone sparing effects by the decrease of osteoclast activity. We also observed that OVX rats fed with SB diet (0.3% or 3%) exhibited the decrease of calcium and phosphorus in serum compared to OVX-induced rats. Therefore, SB may be beneficial for the patients of osteoporosis, especially in postmenopausal women.

Fusarium crown root rot (FCRR) is a severe fungal disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL) in tomato. Resistance to FORL is conferred by single dominant locus Frl on chromosome 9, but its precise genomic location is not clearly determined. In this study, detailed location of Frl was assessed by using a set of molecular markers physically anchored on Chr.9 and F2 and RIL population derived from FORL-resistant inbred AV107-4 (S.lycopersicum) x susceptible L3708 (S. pimpinellifolium). Bioassay of the two populations with a FORL strain isolated from Korea resulted in single dominant heritance of the resistance. Two SCAR and 11 CAPS markers encompassing 3.6Mb~72Mb of Chr.9 were developed from the Tomato-EXPEN 2000 map and SolCAP SNP-array analysis. These markers were genotyped on 345 F2 plants. A high level of cosegregation with the resistance were observed for 5 markers which were mapped at a large physical interval of 5.1Mb (T1212) to 46.4Mb (SSR237), indicating that genetic recombination was highly suppressed in this region. Cosegregation of these markers with Frl was confirmed by using 126 RILs. The results implied that, in contrast with the previously reported long arm, Frl is present on a pericentromeric region of short arm of Chr. 9, in which crossing-over is severely suppressed. The marker set was further tested on 12 FORL-resistance or susceptibility commercial cultivars. Unlike the biparental populations, frequent linkage break was observed for T1212 and D4 in commercial cultivars. T1212 and D4 showed 50% and 100% match with the phenotype, respectively. D4, a CAPS, was converted to a high resolution melting (HRM) marker and tested on 55 breeding lines from private seed companies (Fig.3). All breeding lines showed the HRM genotype for resistance allele, indicating that D4 can be useful for selecting FORL-resistance tomato plants.

In this study, enhancement of phosphorus and nitrogen recovery efficiency from livestock manure through Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate (MAP) crystallization method has been suggested as an alternative to solve the problems of the existing phosphorus resource recovery method. It can become a useful fertilizer. This study focused on improvement of phosphorus resource recovery by changing energy density of ultrasonic dose for MAP crystallization. Solubilization rate (as phosphate/phosphorus) of phosphorus in livestock manure was measured by ultrasonic treatment. The energy density range of 100-50,000 of ultrasonic dose was determined. Optimal ultrasonic energy density was 1,000 dose as 64.5% of phosphate ratio. However, when the higher than 1,000 dose of ultrasonic energy density did not more improve phosphate solubilization ratio. Consequently, when use ultrasonic treatment at 1,000 dose of energy density, the phosphorus could recover approximately 65% from livestock manure by MAP crystallization. Moreover, this MAP becomes more valuable due to its nature as a slow-release fertilizer.