This study sought to conduct a fundamental investigation in order to test and evaluate the thermal performance of an aluminum stick curtain wall system. In terms of the thermal performance index, the infiltration rate of air tightness, thermal transmittance of the heat insulation property and temperature difference ratio of condensation resistance were experimentally measured. The research process can be divided into three parts. First of all, a database for the test report of the curtain wall was compiled and existing design criteria with respect to the evaluation method and standard of transparent building components such as curtain wall, window and door were analyzed to produce the specimens. Secondly, four different types of curtain wall specimens were created through investigating the curtain wall database. Thirdly, standard tests of thermal performance were carried out for airtightness, thermal performance and condensation resistance. As a result, the curtain wall specimens with low-e triple glazing covered by an aluminum capture system showed high thermal performance compared to other curtain wall specimens including low-e triple glazing with a 4-sided structural sealant glazing system. Air tightness of all types of curtain wall specimens satisfied level 1 standard for air tightness. It was found that a curtain wall which consists of a one track frame has difficulties meeting the residential standard of thermal performance with regard to thermal transmittance and condensation resistance.

Liquid storage tank is one of the major infrastructures and generally used to store gases, drinking and utilizing water, dangerous fluids, fire water and so on. According to the recent reports and experiences, the tank structures are damaged in many earthquakes due to their low energy dissipating capacity. Therefore, many researchers have been tried to know the dynamic properties of the tanks including liquids. However, vary limited experimental studies are carried out using relatively small tank models. In this study, a series of shaking table tests are performed with maximum 2 m cubic rectangular liquid storage tanks made of steel to measure the natural frequency and estimate damping coefficient of impulsive and convective mode of the tanks. Especially, the damping values under different shapes and excitation methods are estimated by logarithmic decrement method and half power band-pass method and compared with current design code and standards such as ASCE 7, Eurocode 8 and NZS. Test results show that the impulsive mode damping is around 2% which is proposed by general standards and codes but the impulsive mode damping is 0.13% average that is slightly lower than the code recommendation.

Screening for antimicrobial peptide genes in the immune-induced Antheraea yamamai larvae led to the identification of a novel antifungal moricin-like peptide (MLP10) gene. The complete MLP10 cDNA is comprised of 403 bp with 174 bp open reading frame encoding a 58 amino acid precursor that contains a putative 23-residue signal peptide, a 2-residue propeptide and a 33-residue mature peptide. The deduced amino acid sequence of MLP10 has 26∼52% identity to those of moricin-related peptides from lepidopteran insects. The MLP10 was highly expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3) by fusing with ketosteroid isomerase (KSI) to avoid the cell death during induction. The resulting expressed KSI-MLP10 fusion protein was in a insoluble form. Recombinant MLP10 was released by cleavage of the fusion protein with cyanogen bromide (CNBr). Subsequently, we purified pure active MLP10 by FPLC chromatography, and 5.2mg of MLP10 was obtained from 1L culture medium. The purified MLP10 was prevented the growth of candida albicans at 6.25 uM, and was also active against gram negative and gram positive bacteria. This potent antimicrobial activity suggests that MLP10 may play a role in the immune response of A. yamamai.

The antibiotic peptide PAJE (RWKIFKKPFKISIHL-NH2), designed incorporating the N-terminal α-helical segments of papiliocin and jelleine, is a 15-residue hybrid peptide that has a broad spectrum of activity against Gram-negative, positive bacteria and fungi. In this study, we successfully expressed bioactive PAJE in Escherichia coli cells that are highly sensitive to this peptide. For the efficient production of peptide, we synthesized gene encoding PAJE, and fused the sequence in-frame to ketosteroid isomerase (KSI) gene to construct an expression vector pET29b-PAJE-KSI, which was then used to transform E. coli BL21 (DE3). The fusion protein PAJE-KSI was expressed as inclusion body at high level (more than 30% of the total proteins). Recombinant PAJE was easily released by cleavage of the fusion protein with cyanogen bromide (CNBr). Subsequently, we purified the recombinant PAJE by FPLC chromatography. The purified PAJE displayed considerably antibacterial activity identical to that previously reported for chemically synthesized PAJE. The results indicated that successful expression of PAJE in E. coli cells and efficient procedure for purification may lead to a cost-effective platform for the mass production of PAJE.

This study aims to address the effect of interferential current therapy and thereby to provide basic resources to physical therapies for internal medicine by identifying symptoms for functional dyspepsia and serum gastrin level that shows gastric motility. Following results were obtained by performing interferential current therapy to 16 subjects composed of 8 for functional dyspepsia group and 8 for control group for 20 minutes a day, 3 days a week, for 6 weeks. In control group, serum gastrin level was significantly( p<.01), lowered after the therapy whereas there was no significant difference observed in all questions from questionnaire for symptoms of functional dyspepsia between before and after the therapy. In functional dyspepsia group, serum gastrin level was significantly(p<.01), lowered after the therapy and there was also significant(p<.01) reduction in every question from questionnaire for symptoms of functional dyspepsia between before and after the therapy. There was more significant decrease in serum gastrin level and reduction in questionnaire for symptoms of functional dyspepsia in the functional dyspepsia group compared to the control group(p<.01). This study confirms the interferential current therapy as an effective therapeutic method for internal diseases including functional dyspepsia since it not only improves the symptoms of functional dyspepsia but also allows the gastric motility close to normal.

본 논문은 위치정보를 이용한 공간 게임에서 상대방의 위치와 위험도(power)를 기준으로 상대 게이머를 피해가기 위한 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안 기법은 공간 게임에서 스카이라인을 이용하여 상대 게이머의 위치와 위험도를 파악함으로써 가장 가까우면서 위험한 게이머를 식별한다. 이는 공간 게임에서 승리하기 위해 필수적인 요소이다. 기존 기법은 공간객체와의 거리만을 대상으로 하여 가까운 게이머를 판단하였으나 제안 기법은 다중속성인 거리와 위험도를 동시에 파악함으로써 공간 게임의 승패에 영향을 미친다. 제안기법의 시뮬레이션에서는 거리를 기준으로 한 게임 객체와 스카이라인으로 탐색한 게임 객체들의 평균위험도를 측정하였다. 결과에서 제안기법인 SSG(Skyline query for Spatial Game)가 더 낮은 평균위험도의 객체들을 탐색하였다.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of group exer˗ cise program on depression in the elders with dementia. Subjects of this research were selected from the patients of Hyoja hospital(Yong˗ in, Korea). They were elders with dementia having minor to moderate degrees of cognitive function. Twenty-four subjects were randomly assigned into two groups, each with 12 people; exercise group and the control group. The control group only performed general physio˗ therapy, while the exercise group performed exercise program and general physiotherapy for 8 weeks. Depression of the exercise group and the control group were measured at baseline before the study, at 4 weeks, and at 8 weeks after the study. Depression was measured by Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form Korea Version(GDSSF-K). Firstly, when comparing the levels of depression within the same group, depression was significantly lower in the exercise group, after the group exercise program. However, depression of the control group did not show significant changes before or after the study. Secondly, when comparing the levels of depression of the control group and the exercise group, differences between the levels meas˗ ured before the study and 8 weeks after the study, was a statistically significant decrease of depression. Thirdly, effects of group exercise program according to the applied period were analyzed showing 8 weeks of group exercise to be more beneficial than 4 weeks. People who performed continuous group exercise program showed decrease in depression compared to the absence of group exercise program. This can infer beneficial effects of group exercise program. Group exercise program had desirable influence on decreasing the level of depression.

Disulfide bond formation, reduction and isomerization are important posttranslational modification in proteins that occur in most, if not all, living organisms. In eukatoyes, disulfide bond in substrate proteins are primarily formes by ERO1 and PDI. ERO1, oxidized by molecular oxygen, acts as a specific oxidant of PDI, which then makes disulfide bonds in folding proteins oxidized directly. It means that ERO1 plays an essential role in setting the redox potential in the ER, and the regulation of Ero1p activity is critical to maintain redox homeostasis and proper ER folding activity. We have isolated and analysed a endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase (ERO1) from Bombye mori. It apperas that both an N-terminal CxxxxC motif and a C-terminl CxxCxxC motif are necessary for Ero1p fuction. In vivo, the result of the 5day of 5th instar larvae by RT-PCR and Real-Time PCR shows that posterior silkgland, skin and mid silkgland are revealed more than rhose of other tissues. The same result for tissue distribution of transcripts is appeared about ERO1 and PDI. In Bombyx mori, ERO1 is also supposed to correlate with PDI. Afterwards, more experiments are needed to figure out accurate interrelation between ERO1 and PDI.

Recently Transgenesis was achieved in Bombix mori. For stable and effective transgenesis in B.mori, B.mori cytoplasmic actin gene (BmA3) promoter was used to expression of marker gene, the green fluorescent protein(GFP). Green fluorescent protein expression for selection of transformants was visible in all larval, pupal, and adult tissues but, unexpectdly, was not detectable in embryos. So, it spend times and money on rearing of silkworm. Furthermore, the BmA3 promoter is predominantly active in the midgut, which makes it difficult to reliably identify transformants since autofluorescence of many insect foods can mask low-level fluorescence and only allows the detection of strongly expressing individuals with potentially multiple insertions. Therefore, we need more intensely promoter than BmA3 promoter for selected by expression of GFP in embryos and selected by reliable expression of GFP in larvae. We performed dot blot hybridization to develop strong promoter. Nine differentially expressed clones were isolated and we focused one clone of them which has high similarity with heat shock protein 70 gene from D.melanogaster. We named it as bHSP70 (Bombyx mori heat shock protein 70). Expression from the hsp70 promoter was strong and heat shock-dependent. And Drosophila hsp70 promoter appears useful for regulating expression of Exogenous DNA. So, we analyzed transcriptional activity of promoter with bHSP70 gene by using dual luciferase assay system. bHSP70 promoter has about 264 folds more intensely than BmA3 promoter. Also, when bHSP70 promoter treated heat shock(42℃), transcriptional activity incresed 2 times more than normal condition. Therefore, we suggest that bHSP70 promoter is more effective candidate for stable transformation and selection of transformants.

Peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerases (PPIases) catalyze the slow cis/trans isomeraization of proline peptide (Xaa-Pro) bonds in oligopeptides and accelerates slow, rate-limiting steps in the folding of several proteins. We studied the characterization of Cyclophilin A (bCyp A) isolated from Bombyx mori . The cDNA of bCyp A is 947 bp. There is a 5´-untranslated region of 91 nucleotides followed by an initiating ATG codon. The TAA termination codon occurs at nucleotide 588. Thus translation of the sequence from nucleotides 91 to 588 would produce a protein of 166 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 18.2kDa. The 'AATAAA' consensus polyadenylation signal and poly A tail are present in the 3´-untranslated region. To analysis of PPIase activity, we expressed the bCyp A protein in Sf9 cell by using baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS). SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis showed that the molecular weights of intracelluar expressed protein was approximately 28.2 kDa. The PPIase activity assay was monitored by proteolytic cleavage of the chromophore p-nitroanilide byα-chymotrypsin. As substrate the synthetic tetrapeptide succinyl-Ala-Ala- Pro-Phe-p-nitroanilide was used.

The insect baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) is useful for the production of biologically active recombinant proteins. However, the overexpression of foreign proteins in this system often results in misfolded proteins and the formation of protein aggregates. To overcome this limitation, we have developed a versatile baculovirus expression and secretion system using the Bombyx mori protein disulfide isomerase (bPDI) as a fusion partner. bPDI gene fusion improved the secretion and antibacterial activity of recombinant nuecin proteins. Thus, bPDI gene fusion is a useful addition to the BEVS for the large-scale production of bioactive recombinant proteins.

The aim of this study was to select the abiotic tolerant sorghum mutants using chlorophyll a transient OJIP analysis of PSⅠ and PSⅡ so called Kautsky’s effect within 1 second. It was clearly identified that wwt-and drought tolerant sorghum mutants could be classified by wet factor index(WFI). On the basis of WFI, wet tolerant sorghum matants were classified as follows; Ⅰ group, MUT534 bmr/new, MUT525 bmr; Ⅱ group, M2P1207 bmr, 25M2-0404 bmr, MUT371 bmr24, unknown bmr22, 10M2-0775 bmr, MUT135 bmr23; Ⅲ group, M2P0411 bmr, MUT641 bmr, M2P1064 bmr36, MUT855 bmr, 25M2-0137 bmr/new, MUT436 bmr, M2P0929 bmr, 25M2-0026 bmr, 10M2-0387 bmr, 25M2-0173 bmr/new; Ⅳ group, 25M2-0698 bmr. In conclusion, for the selection of wet tolerance, four photochemical parameters such as Electron transport flux until PSI acceptors per PSII(RE1o/RC), Performance index for energy conservation from photons absorbed by PSII antenna, until the reduction of PSI acceptors(PI_total ABS), Driving force on absorption basis(DF_total ABS) and Electron transport flux from QA to QB per PSII(ETo/RC) were important photochemical parameters deduced from maximum quantum yield and electron transport efficiency.