본 연구는 장미 ‘Bubble Gum’에 대한 수확 후 LED 광 환경 과 살균제 Azoxystrobin 보존용액 처리 시 절화품질에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 수행되었다. 광은 백색 LED와 유색 LED (red:blue=5:1)로 처리하였고, 보존용액은 수돗물(tap water, TW)과 Azoxystrobin 0.05 mL･L-1를 처리하였다. 백색 LED처 리의 절화수명은 TW, Azoxystrobin처리구 각각 9.6일, 9.7일 로 LED 광과 보존용액 처리 간의 유의차가 없었다. 유색 LED 처리의 절화수명은 TW처리구가 13.6일, Azoxystrobin처리구 가 9.8일로, 유색 LED 처리구가 대조구(백색 LED + TW)에 비해 절화수명을 4일 연장시켰다. 절화수명 종료 증상은 LED 광 조건과 관계없이 Azoxystrobin처리구는 꽃잎 위조와 청변 화 증상을 감소시켰다. 모든 처리구에서 상대생체중과 수분흡 수율은 각각 처리 후 2일, 4일까지 증가하다 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 수확 직후 대비 처리 6일 후 화색 변화율과 잎의 엽록 소 함량은 수확 직후와 모든 처리구에서 차이가 없었으며, 화 폭증가율도 처리 간 차이가 없었다. 결론적으로 백색 LED + Azoxystrobin 보존용액처리는 절화장미의 꽃잎 위조와 청변화 증상을 감소시키지만, 절화수명 연장효과가 없었으며, 적색 +청색 LED 처리는 장미의 절화수명 연장효과에 효과적이었다.

본 연구에서는 국내 및 국제 화훼장식 자격증 취득 여부에 따른 화훼장식 자격증에 대한 인식을 알아보고 국내 화훼장식 자격증의 활용방안을 모색하고자 화훼장식 자격증 취득자 100명과 미취득자(일반인) 210명, 총 310명을 대상으로 설문을 진행하였다. 화훼장식 자격증 선호도 조사에서는 화훼장식기사(3.27)와 화훼장식기능사(3.13)에 대한 선호도가 가장 높았으며, 자격증 선호 이유로는 자격증이 주는 자신감(3.56)과 다양한 실무에서의 활용(3.43)이 가장 큰 이유로 나타났다. 반면, 자격증 취득 여부와 상관없이 국내 화훼장식 민간자격증 에 대한 선호도는 가장 낮았으며, 특히 자격증 취득자의 선호도가 미취득자에 비해 더 낮았다. 화훼장식 자격증 취득자가 보유하고 있는 자격증에 대한 만족도는 국제 화훼장식 자격증 (3.70)이 국내 화훼장식 자격증(3.03)보다 높았으며, 특히 미국 화훼장식 민간자격증(4.03)에 대한 만족도가 가장 높았다. 반면, 국내 화훼장식 민간자격증 보유자는 많았으나 본 자격 증 만족도는 보통 이하로 낮은 수준이었다. 자격증 취득의 만족 이유로는 해당 자격증이 능력개발 및 전문성에 도움을 주며(3.61), 자격증이 주는 신뢰도(3.45), 실무에 도움(3.41)을 제공하기 때문에 만족하는 것으로 나타났다. 화훼장식 자격증 별 신뢰도에서는 자격증 취득 여부와 상관없이 국내 화훼장식 민간자격증(2.80)을 제외한 모든 자격증을 신뢰하는 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 국내 화훼장식기사(3.44)는 유럽, 일본과 한국의 민간자격증에 비해 신뢰도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 국내 화훼장식 자격증의 발전 방향을 살펴본 결과, 자격증 취득 여부와 상관없이 취업과 실무와의 연계, 실기 심사에 대한 공정성, 시험 및 평가방식의 강화 등이 자격증 발전에 필요한 요인으로 인식하고 있었다. 또한, 자격증 취득 시험 출제 기준 및 자격증 취득 후 국가적 복지혜택에 대한 보완이 바람직한 화훼 장식 자격증 제도의 정착을 위해 필요한 사항으로 나타났다.

The change of phenolic compounds and radical scavenging activity of black soybean flours after germination and roasting treatment were evaluated as a part of the purpose of setting the quality of black soybean flours for each application. The moisture content of roasted black soybean flours decreased significantly according to roasting temperature and time, and the crude ash, protein, and fat contents increased. Water binding capacity of roasted black soybean flours without and with germination increased significantly according to roasting temperature and time, however water solubility index and swelling power decreased. The lightness of roasted black soybean flours was significantly decreased, and the redness and yellowness increased. The phenolic compounds and radical scavenging activity of roasted black soybean flours increase with increasing roasting temperature and time. The total polyphenol contents of roasted black soybean flours without and with germination were 5.43∼7.81 and 4.52∼6.17 mg GAE/g, and total flavonoid contents were 2.90∼3.50 and 2.34∼3.01 mg CE/g, respectively. DPPH radical scavenging activity of roasted black soybean flours without and with germination was 254.98∼415.05 and 171.95∼295.15 mg TE/100 g, and ABTS radical scavenging activity was 459.74∼596.37 and 422.95∼526.85 mg TE/100 g, respectively. As a result, it is necessary to set quality standards for each application considering the quality and antioxidant properties of roasted black soybean flours.

Ixodid ticks are notorious as the vector of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) in Korea. To confirm the transovarial transmission of SFTSV, we collected blood-fed adult ticks from animals in SFTS case reported area of Jeju island in 2015. A total of 476 ticks were collected from four host animal species, horse (81.3%), dog (9.0%), roe deer (7.1%) and wild boar (2.5%). They were identified as 1 genus and 2 species, Haemaphysalis longicornis (87.8%) and H. flava (12.2%). Among them, 131 adults hatched their eggs successfully. The body weight of females was highly correlated with the number of egg masses laid (P < 0.05). We confirmed that one adult H. flava was infected with SFTSV and its infection rate was 0.77%. The eggs of the SFTSV-infected adults also were infected with SFTSV and its transovarial transmission was confirmed. This result suggests that the parent generation of H. flava could transmit SFTSV transovarially into their F1 progeny and H. flava might be one of major vectors of SFTSV in Korea.

DNA methylation is the most common and well-characterized epigenetic change in human cancer. Recently, the association between GATA-binding protein 5 (GATA5) methylation and carcinogenesis of various types of tumors was investigated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of GATA5 methylation status on clinicopathological features and prognosis in primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients with a long-term follow-up period. The GATA5 methylation status was determined for 171 human bladder specimens (eight normal controls [NCs] and 163 primary NMIBC patients) using quantitative pyrosequencing analysis. The primary NMIBC tissues were obtained from patients who underwent transurethral resection (TUR) for histologically diagnosed transitional cell carcinomas between 1995 and 2012 at Chungbuk National University Hospital. GATA5 methylation was significantly higher in NMIBC patients than in NCs and was significantly associated with higher grade and more advanced stage of cancer. Kaplan-Meier estimates showed significant differences in tumor recurrence and progression according to GATA5 methylation status (each p<0.05). Our results show that increased methylation of GATA5 was significantly associated with not only aggressive characteristics but also poor prognosis in primary NMIBC patients. Alteration of GATA5 methylation might be used as a biomarker for prognosis of NMIBC patients. However, prospective and functional investigations are necessary to clarify the role of GATA5 methylation in future clinical management of patients with NMIBC.

A surveillance of chigger mites was performed to monitor the incidence of scrub typhus vectors at 4 environmental collection points of 6 locations from September to November 2014 in Korea. During the survey period, 420 chigger mites were collected and the dominant species was Leptotrombidium scutellare (42.6%). The first appearance of chigger mite was at 37th week (9.3.-9.10.) and the collected numbers of chigger mites was the highest at 43rd week (10.17.-10.23.). In Goryeong-gun, 299 chigger mites were collected, whereas 5 chigger mites were collected In Yesan-gun. The high environmental collecting rates were recorded at rice field (56%) and waterway (20%). The annually collected numbers (2012-2014) of chigger mites were compared with the average temperatures in August. This result suggests that the average temperature in August might be related with the annual incidence of scrub typhus vectors in Korea. However, the relationship between climate factors and the density of chigger mites needs to be studied by long-term periodical surveillance.