농촌진흥 전략, 농촌발전 전략, 농민의 자체적 발전, 풍부한 농촌의 음식자원과 방대한 관광객 시장, 다양한 농촌관광 수요 등의 요인의 작용 하에 중국 농촌 음식관광은 점차 발전하면서 관광촌, 특색마을, 음식축제 등 세 가지 발전의 모델을 갖게 되었다. 그러나 중국 농촌 음식관광의 발전은 정책 및 관리, 관광객 시장, 문화적 함의의 결여, 부족한 브랜드 의식 등의 문제에 의한 제약을 받고 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 중국 농촌 음식관광의 발전은 시장의 수요 및 농촌관광 발전 추세에 부응한다는 전제 하에 계획적 지도와 부처 간 협력，정책적 지원과 제도 개선，건전한 농촌 음식관광 관련 법체계 구축，음식관광 관련 인재 육성 강화，지역 간 연동과 차별화된 발전，관광객 시장 개척과 브랜드 구축，문화와의 융합을 통한 내부 소양의 발전，요리 교육 등의 조치를 취하여야 한다.

1920년대 한국 농촌을 위한 YMCA와 국제선교사협회의 협력은 계급 이데올로기 혁명을 기획하는 국제공산주의, 정치군사적 통제를 모색하는 제국주의, 또한 상업적 착취를 통한 경제적 부의 확장을 추구하는 강대국 민족주의와 구별되며, 본질적으로 민족의 상호협력과 인류애라는 보편가치를 추구한 기독교세계주의이다. 서구 선교사들은 교회와 국가의 역할을 구별 하는 파송 국가의 정부정책에 순응했지만 국제선교사협회는 거시적인 틀에서 한국의 민족주의자들과 협력하며, 식민정부의 주요 착취대상인 한국의 농부를 위해 종교적, 과학적, 물질적, 인적자원의 국제적 재배치를 총괄 함으로 여타 국제적 흐름과의 차별성을 시사한다. 국제선교사협회는 민족과 인종의 경계를 초월하는 기독교세계주의를 추구했는데, 한국의 농부를 위한 이러한 연대성은 세속국가의 외교경쟁이 가져온 한계에도 불구하고 초국가적 보편가치를 추구하는 중요한 국제주의의 흐름으로 포착된다. 국제선교사협회의 예루살렘대회는 한국의 다양한 교회기관이 교회 자체의 생존에 대한 관심을 넘어 사회병리적 문제의 해결을 위한 범교단적 협력과 기독교 농촌연구회의 조직을 고무했으며 태평양문제연구소로 하여금 한국 학자의 토지문제연구를 지원할 토대를 마련하였다. 또한 대한민국공화국의 토지개혁을 구상할 정부 요원에게 현장지식과 훈련기회를 제공했다. 제국 주의에 관한 거시적 이론을 넘어 구체적인 YMCA농촌운동에 참여하는 국제선교사협회의 활동에 대한 면밀한 자료의 검토는 기독교세계주의가 한국의 민족주의를 폄훼하기 보다 도리어 약소국의 민족역량을 강화하는 자양분으로 작동했음을 입증한다. 한국 YMCA농촌운동과 국제선교사협회의 협력을 연구함에 한국의 민족주의 틀을 넘어서, 일본 식민주의, 피압박민의 민족주의를 대체하며 활동한 국제공산주의, 강대국의 제국주의와 구별되는 기독교 세계주의의 취급이 요청된다.

농촌 관광 이해관계자의 요구에 대한 관심과 그들의 이익에 대한 중시는 그들과 타 이해관계자 간의 잠재적 충돌 해소에 도움을 주면서 농촌 관광지의 지속가능한 발전을 실현하게 한다. 농촌 관광의 발전 과정은 현지 정부, 주민, 관광 기업, 관광객 등 다양한 이해관계자들의 이익과 연관되어 있다. 본고는 현재 중국의 농촌 관광 발전 과정에서 이해관계자 간 갈등의 원인과 모순의 구체적 내용에 대한 심도 있는 분석을 진행했고, 이해관계자 간 갈등의 해소를 위해 이익의 표현, 획득, 분배, 보장 등 네 가지 측면에서 구체적인 이해관계자 간 관계 조율 조치를 제시했다. 또한 원가촌의 사례를 통해 해당 관계 조율 조치의 실행 가능성을 검증했다.

개혁개방 이후 일반 국민들의 수입이 지속적으로 증가되면서 사람들의 생활 방식에도 큰 변화가 발생하기 시작하여 정신생활과 심리 수요에 대한 증가로 전통적인 관광 모델은 이미 사람들의 다양한 수요를 만족시킬 수 없게 되었다. 그에 따라 자연과 시골로의 회귀를 주제로 하는 농촌관광이 형성되었으며 점점 더 많은 사람들의 사랑을 받기 시작하였다. 농촌관광의 발달에 따라 농촌여성들은 중요한 참여 자로서 점점 더 중요한 역할을 한다. 동시에 농촌관광의 발전은 농촌여성들의 각 측면에 커다란 영향을 미친다. 본 논문은 주로 농촌관광이 농촌여성의 정신건강에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 농촌관광에 대한 참여 과정에서 농촌여성의 정신건강이 향상되었다. 한 측면에서 농촌관광은 여성의 발전과 진보에 양호한 환경과 조건을 제공했으며, 여성은 농촌관광에 대한 참여 과정에서 혈연과 지연 관계를 심화하는 동시에 사회 교류 대상이 지속적으로 증가되고, 교류 공간이 확대되면서 농촌여성의 자존감 역시 크게 강화되었다. 다른 한 측면에서 취업 여성의 교육관, 소비관, 경쟁의식 및 소셜 참여 의식에 모두 적극적인 변화가 발생하였다.

The paper is to compare two villages in Songak-myeon, Asan, Cnungnam Province in Korea. It tries to show how the joint village project, which began with the support of the same external organization, produces different results depending on the internal conditions and circumstances of the village. From the end of the 1990s, Pyeongchon-ri and Sugok-ri started developing villages under the influence of the environmentally friendly farming movement. And subsequent supports were provided by local organizations for the development of the village. However, the village project in Sugok-ri, which focused on economic performance, later turned out to be a failure, and the residents changed to pursue activities for their own economic interests individually. On the other hand, In Pyeongchon-ri, the cooperation among villagers was strengthened in implementing support projects by similar external agencies. In addition, community ties and identity have been strengthened as problems have been solved through cooperation among residents in the process of promoting the village project. Nevertheless, projects undertaken in Pyeongchon-ri for the purpose of increasing economic performance was all failed. Through these findings, the paper asserts that the neo-endogenous development approach utilizing external support on the basis of internal cooperative network among villagers must be a very useful method for rural development in contemporary societies.

The study is a comparative analysis of the differences in economic activities of two rural villages near the city. It is the general notion that rural villages near large cities lose the characteristics of traditional rural villages and change the areas with urban characteristics due to the influence of urbanization. The survey also showed that Munho 4-ri and Jeongbae 1-ri in Gyeonggi-do have urban characteristics, such as population growth, agricultural activity reduction and non-agricultural activity increase, and community activity reduction. However, they also found that there were important differences in the future development patterns of the two villages. In other words, the reasons and purposes of migration of people moving to the two villages, the differences in the system of economic activity in the villages, and the differences in community cooperation are emerging. Therefore, the study shows that policies to develop rural villages near cities need to be implemented differently based on the characteristics of those villages.

한국에서 1970년대에 시작된 새마을운동은 국제적으로 농촌개혁의 하나의 모범으로 여겨진다. 새마을 운동이 성공한 첫 번째 중요한 원인으로는 농촌에 금융 제공을 지원했다는 점이다. 중국공산당의 19차 당 대회에서는 2050년까지 농업강화, 아름다운 농촌건설, 농민의 재산증대를 위한 농촌진흥을 전면적으로 실시하자는 의견이 나왔다. 농촌진흥전략의 성공을 위해서 한국 새마을운동의 성공적인 경험을 참고해 농촌 금융을 지원하는 정책이 룽요하다.

본 연구는 유아교육공동체 구현을 위한 부모-교사 간 동반자 관계 형성을 장기적 목적으로 다문화가정 어머니가 유아교육기관에서 경험하는 유아교사에 대한 인식을 알아보고자 하였다. 이에 농촌지역에 거주하는 다문화가정 어머니 11명을 대상으로 유아교육기관 참여도, 신뢰도, 소속감, 소통의 네 가지 면담준거로 반구조적인 질문의 개별 면담을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 어머니들의 교사에 대한 인식은 ‘어머니 입장을 배려하는 친절한 선생님’, ‘적극적 관심과 돌봄을 주는 고마운 선생님’, ‘우리 아이들이 좋아하는 선생님’, ‘교육에 절대적인 신뢰감을 주는 선생님’, ‘특별함이나 편견을 갖지 않는 평등한 선생님’이라는 긍정적 인식이 도출되었다. 반면, ‘봉사나 도울 기회를 적 극적으로 요청하지 않는 선생님’, ‘부모공동체 형성에는 소극적인 선생님’의 다소 부정적 인식이 도출되었다. 이를 통해 다문화가정 어머니와 교사와의 동반자적 관계를 통한 유아교육공동체 실현 과 정착을 위하여 부모, 교사와 기관의 역할에 대한 시사점을 논의하였다.

This study analyze the certified management bodies for rural convergence industry promotion in Jeonnam province. The main results are as follows. Firstly, both certified management bodies and committee members are positive about the prospects of the 6th industry, and they also agree on the need for 6th Industrial accreditation system. Secondly, The 6th industry affects “creation of value added” and “linked to regional agriculture.” In other words, we can see that the 6th industry can contribute to creating new values and linking regional agriculture. Finally, in order to foster certified management bodies for the 6th industry, the management bodies put joint promotion, marketing and sales support on a priority basis, and was interested in supporting commercialization, such as on-site coaching, while the expert committee put priority on fostering the search for profit models, placing importance on supporting commercialization such as customized coaching.

The purpose of this study is to provide the demand information about services (S/W) and infrastructure (H/W) for rural welfare and culture. The survey was conducted on the overall satisfaction level, the condition change, the importance-satisfaction level of each field and the top priority items for administrative agencies and rural residents. In the overall satisfaction level, administrative agencies responded more than 'normal' to all fields, but the overall satisfaction level was lower than 'normal' in the fields excluding the healthcare field in the case of rural residents. In terms of condition changes compared to the past five years, both administrative institutions and local residents evaluated the improvement. IPA analysis was conducted to identify the priority ranking of each field and it was found that emergency medical facilities in the healthcare field, infant day care facilities in the social welfare field, movie theaters in the culture field, lifelong education institutions and academy facilities in the education field and private sports facilities in the leisure and sports field were most needed, respectively. The results of this study are expected to be helpful in increasing the efficiency and presenting the improvement direction about the development policy of the rural culture and welfare.

To analyze main factors of size planning of community facilities that were created as part of development of a rural area, the present condition of factors deciding size of community facilities was analyzed, factors that influence size planning by the type of community facility were drawn with Delphi anaysis. The results of analyzing the present condition of size planning factors of community facilities show that facilities have been generally planned as multi-purpose and multi-functional facilities. And on the basis of the purpose of facilities, their functions and organization, and their operation programs, facilities are classified into community-centered, agritourism-centered, and combined ones. Using Delphi analysis, major factors that could affect size planning of community facilities were drawn on 26 community-centered, 28 agritourism-centered, and 30 combined. And the factors tended not to be applied well for size planning of community facilities.

This study aims to make a revitalizing plan for managing and maintaining of facilities which were installed after the rural development projects. The survey was conducted to examine some issues of operating facilities from the developing plan. There were some factors that should be considered in the establishment stage of the project plan when promoting rural development projects. Among them, the preservation and maintenance of rurality, consistency with business plans, connectivity with local resources, and ease of maintenance were less reflective than its importance. And for each facility, systematic consulting on appropriate scale and operational management plans and detailed planning is needed.. It's also necessary to plan action so that the local community can lead. The current or future rural development project will be succeeded when local governments support to strengthening their local groups or people’s abilities.

This study developed diagnostic system to understand the level of welfare cultural service and infrastructure in rural areas. The applicability was reviewed through the Delphi survey and the sample survey of 60 villages. The diagnostic indicators consist of three areas: the demand area, supply area, and delivery area. The demand area consists of 8 indicators, 25 indicators for welfare services and infrastructure (healthcare, social welfare) and 32 indicators for cultural services and infrastructure (culture, education, leisure sports). The service delivery area was divided into service supply area access and traffic accessibility (public transport use status and rural transport model status) by each indicator. A diagnostic system was applied to 60 villages. Services and infrastructure for rural welfare and culture were supplied more in the Si area than Gun area. The delivery area was easier to access the Gun area than Si area. In the case of traffic access, public transportation was more frequently used in the Si area than Gun area, and the rural transportation model was found to have a relatively large amount in the Gun area compared to Si area. The diagnosis system about services and infrastructure for rural welfare and culture will provide information necessary for establishment and decision making of regional development policy taking into account characteristics of rural areas in the future.

The purpose of this study is to figure out the current condition of local governments (Si or Gun) to implement rural development policy in the face of the central government’s drive for increasing devolution. Since late 1990s or early 2000s when scope of rural policy began to expand quantitatively, there has been considerable increase in rural residents’ participation into community projects as a whole. Nevertheless, there exists regional differentiation in local governments’ efforts to systematically support rural development projects (CRDP: Comprehensive Rural Development Programme) and community activities by setting up intermediary organizations or hiring rural development professionals in a public office. According to this survey on local government officials, regions that have made such efforts to support rural policy at a local level, show more advanced level of institutional capacity than other regions in local decision making process for CRDP, role of strategic rural developmental plans, vitality of community actors, etc. In the era of increasing devolution, these differences can be expected to result in diverging performances of each area in regionalized rural policy. The central government needs to introduce EU’s LEADER-type rural development programmes to support community acitivities by various local actors and at the same time promote local governance building for rural policy, adopting institutional rewarding system such as rural planning contract.

This purpose of this study was to investigate the perception and participation satisfaction of residents who participated in the rural landscape improvement project in Geumsan. The projects were conducted in three villages of Geumsan in 2018 and total 96 residents had participated. The results of the questionnaire survey on the participants showed that they usually have interests in community activities and actively participated. As a result of analyzing factors related to the change of residents' perceptions and satisfaction. It was found that there was significant difference in perception and satisfaction according to frequency of participation, not demographic factors. It is interesting that active interaction among residents during the projects and satisfaction on process are important factor for overall project satisfaction. For successful rural landscape improvement projects, it is necessary to encourage and support interaction and communication among residents. In addition, more various programs need to be developed to foster residents’ attachment and sense of community.