본 논문은 ‘한국 농촌에서 통전적 선교를 성공적으로 수행하는 농촌교회들이 있는가? 있다면 그들의 동기, 목적, 특징, 및 당면 과제들은 무엇인가? 그들이 가지고 있는 공통점들로부터 얻을 수 있는 선교적 통찰은 무엇이며, 그것은 어떻게 한국 농촌교회에 보편적인 원리로 적용될 수 있을까?’라는 질문으로부터 시작되었다. 이 질문들에 답하기 위해서 연구자는 먼저 통전적 선교의 신학적 근거가 되는 통전적 선교신학, 선교적 교회론, 웨슬리의 통전적 선교실천을 간략하게 서술한다. 그리고 실제로 오늘 한국 농촌에서 통전적 선교를 성공적으로 수행하는 여섯 개의 농촌교회들을 사례연구하고, 그들이 가지고 있는 공통점들로부터 농촌교회의 통전적 선교를 위한 필수 요소들을 정리한다. 그것은 (1) 정주목회자(定住牧會者); (2) 선교적 교회론(선교적 자기정체성); (3) 지역사회의 필요에 대한 이해; (4) 성육신적 선교의 실천; (5) 통전적 선교의 수행; (6) 교회 안팎 사역의 균형; (7) 도시교회, 농촌교회, 교단본부, 신학교 간의 유기적 연대이다. 오늘 한국의 농촌은 절망과 희망, 위기와 기회, 쇠퇴와 가능성이 함께 공존하는 선교현장이다. 농촌사회의 고령화와 공동화로 농촌교회의 양적 성장이 한계를 드러내고 미자립 농촌 교회들이 산재해 있는 것은 농촌교회의 어두운 현실이지만, 귀농.귀촌 인구의 증가, 친환경 농산물의 생산과 소비증가, 다인종.다문화의 확산, 정주목회자들의 증가는 농촌교회와 농촌사회에 새로운 가능성과 희망을 제시하고 있다. 이런 선교현장에서 더 많은 정주목회자들이 선교적 교회론과 지역사회의 필요에 대한 분명한 이해를 가지고, 성육신적 선교와 통전적 선교를 수행하면서, 도시교회, 교단본부, 신학교와 유기적인 연대를 이루어간다면 농촌사회의 총체적인 변화와 복음화는 더 효과적으로 이루어질 것이다.

This paper focused on the Celtic Christian Community and their mission. In the centuries BC, the northern neighbours of ancient Greece and Rome were known by the description KELTOI means that strangers or hidden ones. The word CEILT is ‘an act of concealing’ from which the word Kilt, the short male skirt of traditional Celtic dress comes and we all know what a kilt conceals under it! They were rural, tribal, always on the move people, as such they were different to the Roman church which identified with the dominant power of the cities. The Roman church was unsure how to respond to these people as they were relational rather than rational, inspirational rather than institutional. Ireland (unlike Britain and Gaul) was untouched by the Roman Empire, thus it was from Ireland that Celtic Christian community had its roots and passion and expansion. The primary missionary movement across Britain which became a hinge in history as much of Europe was evangelised e.g. Patrick to Ireland 432, Columba 560 Ireland to Iona, Aidan 635 to Lindisfarne. Columbanus 591 to France, Italy and so it goes on. There are ancient sites, crosses all across Europe of Irish and Northumbrian saints bearing witness to the mission. The Celtic Mission is life mission or community mission. In the Celtic Christian world every ‘church’ was monastic. So when we talk about the Celtic church it is synonymous with the monastery, with people living in Community. The monastery was a monastic school where the seeking of God was ‘the one thing necessary’ – the very foundation of life. A commitment to Mission, meaning ‘being sent or obedience to the task’ as connecting with people, community on the road, building relationships, exploring spirituality; living in the story and living out the story. For the Community it is engaging in mission out of a context of being in the monastery. Moving into the unknown as well as the known, wandering for the love of Christ. There life may involve pilgrimage and peregrinati in a physical sense and this is certainly part of celtic Christinity’s vision. Mission is a mixture of going, staying, moving on, doing, being, excitement, mundane in the home and market place. Finding God at work in the everyday ordinariness of life as it is. The Celtic Mission is spiritual mission. They love of nature. An awareness of the unity of creation. Columbanus ‘If you wish to understand the Creator, first understand His creation.’ They were aware of the Cross over Creation. That God was to redeem the whole created order. The Celtic Mission is contextualization mission. A deep love of the Scriptures as God’s memory book of relationships and encounter. To listening & learning from the Scriptures, with both the prayerful reading of Lectio divina and studied research of the Bible encouraged. They had a great love of learning but it was a yearning for wisdom not necessarily knowledge. They had a wonderful balance and were known as Saints and Scholars. They wanted to learn how to live, how to follow Jesus as Lord as a way of life. and they concern about combination with their community's life. The Celtics were vigorous, energetic, and passionate. The Celtic missionaries were committed to scripture, to challenge, and to loving those whom they sought to win. May this celtic tradition lead to similar mission today.

This study aims to study factors affecting level of Korean language proficiency for North Korean Refugee Adolescents dwelling in Korea. 30 North Korean Refugee Adolescents were asked to answer three different questionnaires designated to investigate Korean language proficiency, Acculturative Stress and demographic background. This study adopts altered TOPIK for the evaluation of Korean language proficiency, and focuses on finding out the relationship of Korean language proficiency with sexuality, age, years of Korean study, and duration of dwelling in China. The SPSS for windows 15 was used for the statistical analysis. Acculturative Stress Scale was measured with the ASIS that was developed by Sandhuand Asrabadi(1994) and Proficiency Test that was selected by TOPIK (Test of Proficiency in Korea) session 22, 23. Cronbach for Acculturative Stress Scale was 0.898. Internal consistency reliability for Korean proficiency test was 0.897. The result shows that learning methods(Korean friends or books), duration of stay in China, Korean use, learning period, age, and gender have significant relationship with level of Korean proficiency, especially periods living in China has more significant relationship with the proficiency. The result from this study helps to recognize factors affecting level of Korean language proficiency. Specifically, the Korean proficiency of North Korean Refugee Adolescents who live in Korea has a close relationship with Acculturative Stress Scale. These facts indicate that not only the Korean education are required to effectively increase the Korean education itself, but also developing the competency of Cultural Acculturation are needed to be followed up as well for North Korean Mission.

This study is to grasp the understandings behind the work of Donald A. McGavran, who left a significant mark on evangelical mission in the 20th century since his birth in the late 19th century, and to criticize his thoughts of mission. He began his missionary works when after the colonial era, evangelical missions were contracted by the ecumenical camp emphasizing social service and social action. From the biblical perspective, he stressed the importance of evangelism, church planting, and the church as a significant means to realize God’s mission. In his missiology, mission involves communicating the Gospel to unbelievers, persuading them to accept Jesus Christ as their Lord and Savior, and helping them become responsible members of the church and grow into more mature Christians. Although somewhat criticized, his two terms, discipling and perfecting, represent his thought of mission. The concept of church growth around conversion also supports his beliefs. Despite his great exploits, however, his understanding of mission was controversial in some ways. Theologically, his attitude was very determined and conservative. For this reason, many arguments and criticisms were arisen around his ideas. He stressed evangelism, church planting, and church-centric mission, whereas he had a negative attitude towards social service and social action, which were supported by the ecumenical camp. From the perspective of wholistic mission, it is natural that his thoughts be criticized in that he seems to lean towards one side. In other words, he lost his sense of balance. If possible, however, it should be considered that McGavran’s thoughts arose from concrete mission fields. His opinions were brought up to argue against the distorted ways of mission that spread in those days.

The article focuses on mission strategy and direction toward France immigrant as Marseille region. The France completed culture revival through transforming time of culture, religion, economic, and political. After cultural revival, the France experienced period of reason, French Revolution and Napoleon Empire, and hardship of republic. And then enormous France controlled colony to North Africa through World War. They moved from Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco peoples to France for their quality of life. The Algeria moved to build up their culture in South France. As result, they got conflict between the government of France and peoples. The immigrant inpour process and what do cause of against-immigrant policy evaluated to need of missional perspective. And conflict of immigrant in France should be understand conflict of between religion and language problem, trends of conservative swing in France. The mission method of solution channels strategy of re-evangelism of Europe. The conflict solution and mission method of immigrant in France encourages their ethnicity and identity formation, and recognized each difference for contact point of gospel, and then reject individual and will accept life of immigrant culture. The mission method applies gospel proclaim for France’s immigrant through understanding of mutual culture. This based on re-evangelization toward Europe. Therefore, the mission of church filled their needs what do desire and hometown culture for trouble and conflict of immigrant.

The ‘Yahweh's Warfare’ theory is the one that has emerged as a important issue in modern missiology. It is a theory first claimed by the church growth theorists from Fuller theological seminary by C. Peter Wagner and accepted mostly in Asia, Africa, and South America. This theory has a strength that it makes the supernatural events of the Bible a real experience and brings the expansion of the Evangelism. On the other hand, I think it lacks the Biblical base and focuses only on overcoming Satan and demons, hence it weakens the main points of the Bible such as the proclamation of the Truth and the salvation of souls. Therefore, it is necessary to put this movement on a sheer balance so that it can be helpful to bearing positive fruits to Christian ministry, based fully on the Bible. This issue was addressed during the Lausanne Covenant and then focused on as main contents at the Manila Covenant in 1989, and at Capetown covenant in 2010. However, the dispute over the issue is not completely solved and is still demanding the full Biblical base. In the same line, in order to understand the spiritual warfare through the Biblical base, the present paper investigates the ‘Yahweh's Warfare’ theory that the Old Testament scholars presented and argues, and that is helpful to basing the spiritual warfare theory to sublimate it spiritually in Christ. Thus, the present paper proposes to present the principles of the spiritual warfare by studying the ‘Holy Warfare’ theory argued by G. Von Rad in 1940’s, the writings of the ‘Yahweh Warfare’ theory and consulting the Old Testament texts regarding the ‘Yahweh Warfare.’ The main points of the Yahweh Warfare theme are: (1) Jehovah is the warrior who wages wars and orders in them; (2) the Christians who participate in the wars should be holy and belong to God fully; (3) the enemy of the spiritual warfare is Satan; and (4) the aim of the Yahweh Warfare is the establishment of the divine kingdom while the spiritual warfare aims to build the kingdom of God. The present paper does not deal fully with the Biblical base for the spiritual warfare, but confines itself to presenting the Biblical base for the spiritual warfare simply through the Old Testament texts on the Yahweh warfare.

India had been opened to Protestant missionary activity by a decree of the British Parliament in 1813. In 1832/1833, non-British missionary agencies were allowed to enter and launch their mission work in British India. The Protestant (mostly British) missionaries were very eager to preach the gospel message and disseminate gospel tracts on the market place. Inevitably, missionaries had clashed with local Muslims. There arose a fear that the beginning of Christian preaching and proselytizing activity in Agra was a threat to the center of Islam on the uneducated Muslims of the city and the surrounding region. Protestant missionary activity was a new phenomenon to the Muslims of north India. Encounters between Indian Muslims and Protestant missionaries in the years following British expansion into the old Mughal heartlands of north India brought about a mode of interaction and conflict between the two parties. This study examines the obstacles in reaching out to the Muslims with a special emphasis on the debate held in Agra, India on April 10-11, 1854. I will attempt to analyze the significance of this Muslim-Christian debate in India and its effects on future Muslim apologetical works. One of the missionaries, Karl Pfander, who was already experienced in Georgia, was circulating Persian and Urdu gospel tracts which criticize Islam and their prophet Muhammad. Kairânawî, together with some of the local Muslims, thought that it was the high time to challenge the aggressive mission activity. The Agra debates marked a turning point in Christian-Muslim apologetics, for it was the first time that Muslim theologians utilized European critical methods to disprove Christian doctrines. Why is the 1854 Agra debate of such significance? Although the Agra debates took place nearly 160 years ago, their impact is still felt today. Both disputants are still well remembered in the Muslim world and have influenced not only the form of modern apologetics, but the modern Muslim view of Christianity as well. Although the debates had been planned to address the topics of the deviation of the Bible, the Trinity, the Quran as the word of God, and the sending of the prophet Muhammad, the debate did not proceed further than the deviation of the Bible. The Islamic polemicists insisted that the Bible had been corrupted and tried to prove this with evidence taken out of the Bible itself and works from Christian authors who most fellow Christian would regard as skeptics or outright unbelievers. The timing of this counterattack was significant because Pfander, with a Pietist background, was either unfamiliar with or extremely hostile to the works of the aforementioned Biblical liberals. By utilizing such findings to undermine Pfander from within the Christian fold, the Muslims were able to declare an easy victory. Interestingly, the Muslims still employ such tactics today to attack Christian beliefs as they did 160 years ago. Therefore, missionaries who are working among Muslims should know the issues of the Agra debate and be prepared to answer the Muslims.

The diaspora mission is one of the major issues in global mission work, which has arisen as one of the tasks to be carried out by cross-cultural diaspora groups that have global networks traditionally such as Chinese speaking people, Indian and Filipinos diaspora, and also Koreans who now have finances and skills. Taking this historical opportunity, this author will try to define the concepts of the diaspora and the diaspora mission based on the sense of calling, outline the current status of Korean diaspora mission network, and present the direction of Korean diaspora mission. The missional meaning of the history of the Korean diaspora can be summarized as follows. Firstly, it is commonly held that the Korean emigration started from the middle of the 19th century, which is late compared to other nations. Secondly, the history of Korean emigrants is the history of Korean diaspora mission. Thirdly, the Korean diaspora mission spread very rapidly and widely. Fourthly, the history of Korean diaspora is the history of the overseas Korean churches. Fifthly, the history of Korean diaspora becomes more meaningful when it is reviewed in relation to the current global mission of the Korean Church. The Korean Church Mission implies two concepts, mission of the Korean Church, and mission for the Korean Church. Likewise, diaspora mission has dual meanings, mission for diaspora and mission by diaspora. Moreover, as the word ‘diaspora’ is used as a complex concept, diaspora mission could be expanded in three ways for Korean situation today: first, the mission of the Korean Church through Korean diaspora (or ‘toward’); second, the mission of the Korean Church for (or ‘through’) the immigrants in Korea; third, the mission of the Korean Church for (or ‘through’) cross-cultural diaspora in other regions other than Korea. The history of Korean diaspora is the history of the Korean diaspora mission. The Expansion of Korean diaspora expanded the overseas mission of the Korean Church. The mission movement for Korean diaspora started from North America and extended to the world. This has been a driving force of calling out Korean diaspora to mission field, and presented a new direction for global mission of the Korean Church. In the process, Korean diaspora produced various mission networks. This is a good model for the world mission, which should be promoted through union and agreement with one another. The future global mission of the Korean Church should be carried out through cooperative networks with global churches. Also, the Korean diaspora mission will be a foundation that will expand to the global mission of the Korean Church through cooperation with cross-cultural diaspora and the Global Church.

Our close observation of the debates among Pauline scholars in the west on the issue of mission-relationship between Paul and the church provides some points to be borne in mind for a fresh approach in our further discussion. The dichotomy between scholars’ approach to the issue of mission-relation between Paul and the church either in terms of mission-continuity or mission-discontinuity needs to be remedied by appreciating the possibility to see the issue afresh, namely, continuity ‘and’ discontinuity. Therefore, our further discussion is to begin with assuming a certain ‘mission-continuity’ between Paul and the church or at least Paul’s missio-ecclesial understanding vis-à-vis his understanding of his own mission. This again means that the unsettled exegetical question is not about such a mission-continuity or mission-discontinuity between Paul and the church but about the nature of such a continuity. On a more fundamental level, the current debate has more to do with a more plausible description of Paul’s conceptuality regarding what Pauline scholars have generally called ‘mission’ than simply to explain away the relation between Paul and the church under a given popular definition of mission. As the modern notion of ‘missio-Dei’ and “missional ecclesiology’ do, a more plausible description of Paul’s conceptuality regarding the current issue requires to see ‘mission’ not ‘pattern-analytically’ but ‘purpose-analytically’. However, this should not be done anachronistically by projecting these modern notions to Paul’s texts, but in a way in which we can provide a more biblical and historical basis for a better understanding about our mission today.

The foundation of any association or organization should include a mission, a vision, and strategic goals. Vision and mission are frequently discussed in academic and practitioner literature and accepted as key items in strategic decisions. But in these days, the words“change and crisis”are what companies are familiar with. They bringing about uncertainty led the companies to search for new strategies in order to specify their directions. In case of making proper direction for some organization, the role of management philosophy is most important. And also identifying, clarifying and communicating the management philosophy is now a major part of the planning process. This study examines the characteristics of management philosophy items which including mission and vision in Korean fisheries business with contents analysis. in order to achieve these purpose, this research analysing the mission, vision and CEO’s greeting with the social network analysis(SNA) which is the most dominant technique in contents analysis. The SNA is evaluated that most popular, rigorous and firm methodology for analyzing, examining and revising some concepts or objects in the context of semantics. The findings of social network analysis show that some critical problems are existed. First, most of the fisheries company did not fully announce the mission and vision irrespective of one’s size or scale. Second, there is some coverage insufficiency of stakeholders in mission and vision. And cutting edge topics like environmental problem, corporate social responsibility, consumer sovereignty are not included in management philosophy.

The aim of this thesis is to outline the history of the mission of the Korean Church in Thailand and its characteristics, tasks and mission theological issues so that the thesis searches for the way of the mission of the Korean Church to contributing to the unity and empowerment of the Church of Thailand. To achieve this aim, the thesis deals with the social characteristics and value systems of Thai society and the history of the mission of Roman Catholics and of Protestants. Through suggesting the contour of the history of the mission of the Korean Church in Thailand, some characteristics of the mission of Korean Church are church plant, church-centered passion, project-centered and materialistic mission, and independent seminaries. Tasks of the mission of Korean Church in Thailand are acceptance of Thai Christians' critiques on Korean missionaries, Korean missionaries' understanding of Thai culture in depth, meagerness and lack of mission strategies, halt in mission, missionary kids' education, partnership in mission, acceptance of difference of Thai church culture, understanding of the missionary tasks from the socio-cultural and religious situation of Thai church, and theological issues. The main results of the research are as follows: first of all, there are two kinds of church in Thailand: one belongs to the Church of Christ in Thailand, the other to the Evangelical Fellowship of Thailand. Some Korean missionaries, however, established independent denominations and ran seminaries so that those denominations and seminaries obstructed the unity of Church in Thailand. These activities of Korean Church cannot be regarded as mission. Secondly, Korean missionaries to Thailand should not transplant the culture of the Korean Church to Thailand. Rather with Thai Church leaders, their missionary tasks are looking for the ways of how to communicate and share the Gospel with Buddhist Thais and identifying the appropriate ecclesiology in Buddhist society. Thirdly, the future of the mission of Korean Church to Thailand depends on whether Korean missionaries could expand the model of the partnership in mission done by the missionaries belonged to the Presbyterian Church of Korea to the relation between the Church of Thailand and Korean missionaries. Lastly, such an expansion of the model of the partnership in mission will be possible only when the ecumenical churches and the evangelical churches can reach a common conclusion through coming to an agreement on the theological issues such as human-centered theology, religious pluralism and mission methods and mission theology in the Buddhist country.

Korean people have been talking about reunification of Korea for more than 60 years. This means that there is division in the Korean peninsula. Division brings antagonism and competition. We need reunification and it should be peaceful. The term peaceful reunification indicates the method and aim. Reunification of Korea should bring peace. Peaceful reunification is a missional task as well as a national task.Shalom is fulfilled with justice and love with the relationship between God and humanity, a human and a human, and humanity and nature. Shalom reveals right relationship with God. It appears through a righteous life and is embodied in the faith community. Shalom is found in peaceful relation with others and is embodies in the ethical community. Shalom is also found in harmonious relation with nature and is embodies in the responsible community.The Korean Christianity has three-fold roles that are national reconciliation, salvation and reunification. Division is building a wall between you and me, regards with hostility to each other, and the loss of community life. Reunification however is overcoming the division, settlement of hostile life, and recovering of community life. The Korean Christianity has a task to reconcile the North and the South. This is a role of the high priest that is given to the Korean Christianity.The Korean Church should repent its loss of public trust in the society through falling into materialism, taking advantage of secular success, neglect of social issues, and splitting into several factions rather being a model of reconciliation and harmony. Therefore the Korean Church should recover its public trust and leadership. One of the important roles of the Korean Church is to be concerned about North Korean people’s life and their human rights, and then should participate in the interchange with North Korean people. Particularly, the Korean Church should make constant efforts for a reunion of the dispersed family members. The Korean Church can also play a role of trust building between the North and the South with a prophetic mission.The Korean Christianity should not take a biased attitude to a specific ideology, nor assume an amicable attitude to a particular system. This makes mediation of confrontation and conflict difficult, and may break social balance. Therefore the Korean Christianity should overcome a certain ideology and system, and contribute peaceful reunification. This is where the Korean Church should stand and what the Korean Church should do.

Willem Adolf Visser ’t Hooft was born on 1900 in Netherland and moved into Geneva in 1924 in order to work with YMCA as a general secretary. From 1928, he also was involved in World Student Christian Federation and became an editor of The Student World. Then he worked in World Council of Churches from 1938 to 1966 as a general secretary. He published The Ecumenical Review and was the editor of it from 1948. He hosted many ecumenical meetings, including Evanston (1954) and New Delhi (1961) WCC General Assembly and actively participated in lecturing and writing in the world. Although he was born in the West and had been educated in the West, he humbly accepted the sinful nature of Western churches. He acknowledged they had been affected by syncretism, pluralism, and Neo-paganism. Hooft understood the church in two different dimensions. One is that church is a spiritual community which gets salvation by Christ, becomes a new creature (I Cor. 5: 17), and lives in the Kingdom of God in the eschatological hope. The other is that church is a sinful human organization. Especially, Western churches have compromised the Gospel of Christ with many contemporary philosophy, theory, ideology, and other religions. In such a situation, church should be renewed. Hooft argued that the authentic church’s renewal is not an event or program that can be acquired, but it is an ongoing process in relationship with God. In other words, the renewal of churches does not rely on human’s endeavor or achievement, but the sovereignty of God. He is the subject of churches’ renewal and each church is in His hands. In terms of this perspective, He leads churches’ renewal and churches should pay attention to His will and ways towards other churches. In this sense, according to Hooft, the first step of renewal, is repentance before God. Then churches should listen carefully to the Word of God. The renewals cannot be done in a certain amount of time; rather it is a lifelong process in the living God. Hooft insisted on that the renewal of churches should be visible, tangible, and concrete in this world. In that sense, Hooft emphasized the unity of churches. People have been separated, but Christ never. If Christians believe that Christ creates churches, they are one body. They cannot be divided in Christ, although they have different backgrounds. If Hooft’s claim is true, the unity of churches should be manifested in this world. Again, unity of churches is not an event or political project; rather it is an ongoing process in relationship with God. He is an initiator of churches’ unity and He is the One who finalizes in His time. It does mean that the unity of churches should grow up “from” Christ “to” Christ. In conclusion, Hooft focused on the missional nature of church in terms of fulfilling the renewal and unity of churches. He said that the problems of church unity are supremely relevant to the evangelistic and missionary tasks in the world. In addition, Hooft claimed that the renewal of the Church implies, therefore also that the Church rediscovers its apostolic, missionary character. For Hooft, the Church is the missionary Church, because it is the instrument of God’s world-embracing plan of salvation.

This paper explores central Asia's contextualization mission strategy focused on national approach to culture of homogeneity and heterogeneity. This article attempts Central Asian society's common character and differences from the historic origin and each people's cultural diversity in Central Asia. Central Asia and the entire region contextualization of this article suggesting strategies to derive basically the most basic issues of the specification that can be raised. This article explores examining particularly Central Asia’s historical-cultural common homogeneity and individuality. Chapter II examines Central Asia's history-culture and mission : mission strategy of common homogeneity. Chapter III reviews Central Asia’s mission strategy after independence : factor elements of commonality and individuality. Chapter IV analyzes Contextualization mission strategy focused on national origin and mutual confrontation. As Uzbekistan and Tajikistan develop a stronger sense of their own independence, each country is establishing a new concept of view in explaining their national origin of its own history, which is then inserted into the state ideology. Moreover, because the historical paths of the two states overlap, they interpret the same historical events, from a nationalist perspective, in diametrically opposite ways. Contemporary Uzbekistan and Tajikistan are the territories with the strongest historical links in Central Asia. Since the acquisition of independence they have been marked by similar features of state and nation building.The aim of this article is to present a general overview of the contextualization mission strategy in Central Asia in examining common character and heterogeneous features of the Central people's surroundings after independence and the different aspects of a nation's most basic historical, traditional, understanding including national origin and political system. In exploring Central Asia's mission strategy. it need to be conducted study not only common aspects and heterogeneous nature in Central Asia to identify the distinctive aspects of the Central Asia mission strategy. This article's specification of mission strategy lies in the individual culture and ethnic-based access to a variety of strategies to be drawn to emphasize that what was done. Central Asia is a mission target area.

The study focuses developing an effective mission strategy in a Social Network Service culture to reach the net generation in Korea. It asks these important questions: “What are the barrier for the Korean churches in evangelism to the net generation?” “How can Korean churches change their SNS culture in mission for the unchurched net generation?” In order to answer these questions, data was collected through questionnaires and interviews with members of the net generation in Korea. Both the characteristics of the net generation, and those of the emerging SNS culture in Korea, were analyzed.The effective strategies of Korea church mission was an important issues in this study of how best to reach for Christ the net generation in SNS culture. I think that experience of mission in the Korean context led N-generation to the strategy that the Korean churches need a mission approach using SNS culture. This evangelism is a challenge for Korean churches seeking to reach the net generation. Korean churches need to be develop the mission strategies using SNS appropriate for the Internet culture of the net generation. Such SNS must be part of an effective mission toward the net generation who embrace a SNS culture.

The purpose of this paper is to examine some religious reformers and mission ideas. There are some negative aspects on the mission ideas of Religious reformers until now. Except theologians of Roman Catholic Church, Gustav Warneck, who is the father of modern missiology, also evaluated that there were not any mission ideas and mission activities to religious reformers, for Luther did not recognize mission duty, compared with those Roman Catholic which made inroad and was active abroad more than before.However, the study that there was mission to religious reformers was presented by western and Korean scholars. Despite of this positive study, the center of criticism is that if they have mission ideas and theology, how their ideas and theology are systematic and have persuasive power. Therefore, the evaluation to them may be more negative judging from the circumstances resulted in the geographical expansion of gospel and numerical increase of believers because the mission of christianity after 19th century which was called as ‘The Great Century,’ produced a large number of missionaries abroad.Through the examination of results and a limit about the study on the mission ideas of religious reformers until now, this paper, on the other, presented the mission as ‘a witness.’ Jesus Christ gave Great Commission to his disciples, and all of them carried out their duties as the witness of gospel through religious martyrdom. The Latin ‘martyrium’ of ‘martyrdom’ came from the Hellas ‘μαρτυριον.’ The ‘μαρτυριον’ means originally the word ‘witness’ and ‘evidence.’ The etymology of the word ‘witness’ and ‘evidence’ is the same.The martyrdom is the ultimate evidence of gospel. Martyrs strongly impressed to christian community as the witnesses of gospel in their lives, and took the role of enthusiastic missionaries leading the others to faith. Consequently, this paper analyzed their practice more than their theory on the mission of religious reformers, that is, their lives as a martyr for the truth, Jesus Christ. This is because the martyrdom for gospel is the most obvious witness and mission of gospel at once.

The Korean Church is well-known as the Church which conducts missionary works. Despite the short church-history, the Korean Church has not only considerate passions and dedicated attitudes toward Mission, but also human resources and material resources needed to the missionary works. Thus it goes without saying that the Korean Church stands on the rank of countries that are responsible for the World Mission. The Korean Church’s Mission has several distinct features, which are church-centered, Denominational Mission Department-centered sending-missionaries and then not setting up enough infra-structure. Upright Mission is accompanied by administrating and caring missionaries as well as gathering and choosing suitable people, sending and supporting them as missionaries, and making them settle in the mission field and grasping their missionary works. However, the Korean Church’s Mission is, so to speak, to be doing ‘Sending-centered Mission.’ Mission is recognized only to send missionaries and supporting their living expenses. Because of these reasons, Denominational Mission Department or Missionary Society beyond the Denomination don’t consider setting up intra-structure as the principal assignment. Currently, the Korean Church’s missionary model seems the Church-centered Mission model but, in fact, sending missionaries is carried on each church-centered events, for which primary structures and systems needed in conducting the missionary works are not equipped. Each church-centered sending-missionaries and Mission on the basis of sponsorship structure causes various problems in the choice of missionaries and their missionary activities. In many cases, to choose missionaries and to support them is done impromptu rather than designedly. There is no long-term missionary policy to supervise, manage, and take care of missionaries. The responsibility of all the missionary works is left to the missionaries alone. In order to perform the right Mission continuously, it is not sending many missionaries but establishing and operating frames and structures to support the working missionaries systematically that is the most urgent task. This article is to suggest the real alternative by recognizing the problems of Mission and realizing heartfelt the need of the infrastructure on Mission. After seizing pros and cons between each church-centered Mission model and Mission Society-centered Mission model, it is to search for solutions on structural problems which have been revealed in each church-centered Mission system in Korea Church now.

The purpose of this article is to investigate the understanding on the workers of mission in ecumenical theology. Since mission is an action for the Kingdom of God, it is important to understand who is in charge of this work for an effective ministry. In the past, the church thought that the major agents of mission are ‘the church’ or ‘the chosen people.’ However, after the second world war, the ecumenical theology started to see the worker of mission more in a wider view including various organizations in the world. In this paper, first I tried to find out from what motivation the new view came out. They were the following perceptions: 1) the church realized that the church, the major agent of mission, committed serious sins especially during the two world wars, 2) due to the impact of Missio Dei, the church came to see that the workers of mission are not just the church but also many other institutions in the world, 3) the church came to change its view on the world from a target of mission to a coworker of mission. With this kind of background, the ecumenical theology tends to see the workers of mission as the triune God himself, the various institutions in the world used by God, lay people, and the poors. This kind of understanding contains various strengths and weaknesses. It might be helpful for the church to break its arrogance and self-centered attitude. Also it can help the church to cooperate with the world in carrying out the mission, and to keep going forward toward the ideal direction of mission. However, this view contains some weaknesses as well. As it emphasizes God as the major worker of mission too much, it can reduce the church's responsibility and enthusiasm for mission. As it pursues cooperation with the world, it can bring a result of weakening the identity of the church also. As it includes the world, which is not concerned and interested about God, as a major worker of mission, the church can fall into a trap of idealism and as a result of this it can cause enfeeblement of mission. If these kinds of weaknesses are compensated properly, the ecumenical view on the workers of mission would be helpful for building up the church for world mission.