Background : For the GAP standard cultivation, weed occurrence pattern was investigated by planting density and mulching method of Bupleurum falcatum L. Methods and Results : Vinyl and rice straw were used for mulching. The planting density were 10, 20, and 30 cm, and the spacing between plants were 5 ㎝. The amount of weed emergence were examined twice at the end of July and at the end of September. The degree of importance was based on the Braun-Branquet’s dominance value distinction criterion. As a result, the kind of total weeds emerged during the cultivation of Bupleurum falcatum L. were identified as 20 species in 10 families. Amount of weed’s occurrence were the highest in rice straw covering after 10 × 5 ㎝ sowing, and it were lowest in vinyl mulching after 30 × 5 ㎝ sowing. The frequency of weed emergence was highest with 10 species of 8 families in rice straw mulching treatment. On the other hand, the treatment with the least emergence frequency of weeds was 30 × 5 ㎝ sowing after vinyl mulching, and weeds of 7 species of 6 families appeared. In the second survey in September, weeds of 15 species in 9 families were identified in the test field. The amount of weed’s occurrence were the highest in rice straw mulching after 10 × 5 ㎝ sowing, and it were the least in the case of vinyl mulching after 30 × 5 ㎝ sowing. The frequency of emergence of weeds was highest in rice straw mulching after 20 × 5 ㎝ sowing, and the kind of weeds were 11 species of 8 families. The treatment of the lowest emergence frequency of weeds was 30 × 5 ㎝ sowing after vinyl mulching. Three kinds of weeds occurred. Conclusion : From the above results, it is expected that we can suppress the weed occurrence at the planting density of 30 × 5 ㎝ after vinyl mulching at the sowing of Bupleurum falcatum L.
The subject of this experiment is to supply basic data to inhibit non-productive tillers which are uneconomical for mechanical harvesting and to evaluate optimum planting density and sowing date in central district. Total number of tillers and effective first and second of tillers according to different planting density was higher in 80 ㎝ ridge than 60 ㎝ ridge in proso millet. The wider between plant distance on the ridge, the more increased total number of tillers and effective first and second of tillers. The highest effective tillers (91.7 %) in the first tillers was obtained from the second sowing date (23 May) among different sowing date and next is in the order of 3 rd (13 June, 89.8%) > 1 st (2 May, 85.6%) > 4 th (4 July, 85.2%). The percentage of effective tillers in the second tillers was decreased in the order of 2 May (53.7%), 23 May (40.7%), 13 June (22.2%), 4 July (0%) as the sowing date was delayed. There was no significant difference in days to heading and days to ripening according to different planting density. Although culm length was increased as planting density was increased, whereas number of tillers, stem diameter, ear length, grains per ear and 1000 grain weight was decreased. In the growth and yield characteristics of proso millet according to different sowing date, days to heading and days to ripening, culm length, stem diameter, ear length, grains per ear and yield per 10a were decreased. After the sowing date of 13 June, the reduction of growth and yield characteristics were higher because of excess-moisture injury.
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of sowing density, number of seeds sown per hole, andthinning treatment on growth characteristics and disease occurrence in Panax ginseng under direct sowing cultivation in ablue plastic greenhouse. Seedling were grown from 2 or 3 seeds sown, and the healthiest was only retained, while the restwere thinned out at the foliation stage. NO3-N, P2O5, and organic matter content differed significantly between growthconditions in the plastic greenhouse and in conventional shade in the soil. Disease also tended to be higher in the conven-tional shade than in the plastic greenhouse. Plant height and stem length showed an increasing trend with increasing sowingdensity and number of seeds sown per hole. However, these measures noticeably decreased when thinning treatment wasconducted. Growth of the subterranean part of ginseng was not markedly influenced by sowing density, the number of seedssown per hole, or thinning treatment. Root weight, which is an important factor in yield, was significantly affected by thenumber of seeds sown and thinning treatment. Interestingly, root weight tended to be higher in the thinning treatment plotthan the untreated control plot. Damping-off and root rot increased noticeably as the number of seeds sown increased. Dis-ease also tended to be substantially higher in the thinning treatment plot than the untreated control. However, physiologicaldisorder of the plants did not vary with sowing density, the number of seeds sown, or thinning treatment.
본 실험은 스탠다드 국화 ‘백마’와 스프레이 국화 ‘오렌지엔디’ 품종에 있어서 재식밀도와 멀칭재료에 따른 절화 생육과 흰녹병 발생정도를 알아보고자 실시하였다. 스탠다드 국화 ‘백마’는 6줄 정식 처리구에서 절화장, 줄기직경, 엽수, 절화무게, 화폭, 꽃무게 등의 생육이 8줄이나 10줄에 비해 양호하였다. 또한 흰녹병 발생률도 10줄 정식 처리구에서 68.9%로 가장 높았고, 6줄 정식 처리에서 48.9%로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 스프레이 국화 ‘오렌지엔디’는 6줄 정식 처리구에서 줄기직경, 엽수, 절화무게, 화폭 등 다른 처리에 비해 절화생육이 양호하였다. 흰녹병 발생률은 10줄 정식 처리구에서 68.9%로 가장 높았고, 6줄 처리에서 28.9%로 가장 낮았다. 스탠다드 국화 ‘백마’에 있어서 무멀칭에 비해 PE 필름으로 멀칭한 처리에서는 생육이 양호하였는데, PE 필름색에 따른 생육에는 큰 차이가 없었다. 흰녹병 발생률은 무멀칭 처리구에서 93.3%로 가장 높았고, 녹색과 흑색 PE 필름 멀칭 처리구에서 42.2~60%로 낮았고 감염 엽수 및 병징수가 적었다. 스프레이 국화 ‘오렌지엔디’의 절화장은 투명과 녹색 PE 필름으로 멀칭한 처리구에서 길었고, 줄기직경, 엽수, 화폭, 꽃수 등에서는 처리 간 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 흰녹병 발생률은 흑색 PE 필름 멀칭 처리에서 가장 낮았고. 흰녹병 발생엽수와 병징수도 흑색 PE 필름 멀칭 처리에서 가장 적었다.
본 연구에서는 개념적인 토양수분 모형을 이용하여 가뭄에 대한 기후변화의 영향을 모형화하고, 모형으로부터의 결과를 분석하고 있다. 미래 기후자료로서 A2 온실가스 배출 시나리오에 따라 CCCma CGCM3-T63에 의해 도출된 자료가 이용되며, 일별 강수분포 및 월별 강수량 및 잠재증발산량의 변화를 고려하기 위하여 일별 스케일링 기법이 적용된다. 모형으로부터 도출된 주요결과로부터 미래에는 우리나라에 보다 잦은 가뭄이 있을 수 있음을 살펴볼 수 있다.
A numerical model is investigated to predict a behavior of the gaseous volatile organic compounds and a subsurface contamination caused by them in the unsaturated zone. Two dimensional advective-dispersion equation caused by a density difference and two dimensional diffusion equation are computed by a finite difference method in the numerical model. A laboratory experiment is also carried out to compare the results of the numerical model. The dimensions of the experimental plume are 1.2m in length, 0.5m in height, and 0.05m in thickness. In comparing the result of 2 methods used in the numerical model with the one of the experiment respectively, the one of the advective-dispersion equation shows better than the one the diffusion equation.
본 시험은 1983년 10월부터 익년 6월까지 대맥부농 품종을 공시하여 재식밀도 5수준 하에서 각 양자의 유효수화와 이들의 수량에 기여도를 분석하여 품종육성의 기초자료로 삼고져 공시하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 아래와 같다. 1. 주당유효경은 소식재배에서 많고 밀식재배일수록 적은데, 이를 m2 당으로 보면 재식밀도 400주 정도에서 가장 많아 단위면적당 수수확보를 위해서는 재식거리 5cm에서 가장 유리하였다. 2. 각 양자들은 주간, 이차분얼경에서 유효수화 하였는데 이들 얼자는 최소 6엽 확보하였고 유효화정도는 001, 주간 및 002분얼이 가장 높았다. 3. 주간의 엽수는 12~13엽으로서 가장 많았고, 다음이 분얼질서에 의해 1, c 및 002분얼의 순이었으며 주당엽수는 소식재배에서 m2 당 엽수는 재식밀도 500 주구에서 가장 많았다. 4. 일수입수 및 천립중은 주간, 1, 2 및 c 호 분얼경의 순위로 높았다. 5. 주당수량은 재식밀도 200 수구에서 가장 많았고 밀식할수록 적었으나 m2 당 수량은 재식밀도 400 수구에서 가장 많았고 이보다 밀식 및 소식시는 감소하였다. 6. 얼자별 수량기여도는 주간은 밀식재배 일수록 높았고 일차분얼경은 중식재배시 이차분얼경은 소식재배일수록 높았다.