본 연구는 전국 보건환경연구원 농산물검사소에서 일률 적으로 사용 중인 QuEChERS법의 한계를 극복하고, 농산물 잔류농약 정량 분석의 정확도를 높이기 위한 목적으로, 개 선 방안을 모색하고자 하였다. QuEChERS법은 간편하고 신속한 시료 전처리와 매질 효과 보정이 가능하나, 비의 도적 간섭물질이 포함되어 특히 강한 매질 효과가 존재하 는 시료에서는 정확한 정량이 어려운 문제가 있다. 인천 지역에서 유통되는 9종 농산물(대파, 양파, 고수, 들깻잎, 부추, 풋고추, 미나리, 상추, 근대)을 대상으로 매질 효과 를 평가하였고, SANTE/2020/12830 지침에 근거하여 매질 효과에 따른 세 그룹(soft, medium, strong)으로 분류하였 다. 강한 매질 효과가 나타난 파, 고수, 양파 시료(strong group)에 대해 바탕 매질 농도별(10%, 50%, 90%) 정량값 을 비교하였으며, 매질 효과가 약한 상추 시료와 혼합하 는 방법도 적용하여 매질 효과 저감 여부를 확인하였다. 연구 결과, 용매희석법과 상추 무처리 시료를 이용한 혼 합법 모두, 강한 매질 효과를 보이는 시료의 정량 정확도 가 향상되는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로, 용매 희석법과 시료 혼합법 모두, 매질 효과를 완화하는 데 효과적임을 확인하였으며, 이는 신속하고 정확한 잔류농약 부적합 판 정이 요구되는 현장 검사 환경에서 분석 결과의 신뢰도를 높이는 실용적인 대안이 될 수 있음을 제안한다.

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of indoor environmental management in facilities vulnerable to infection, such as long-term care facilities, where residents remain indoors for extended periods. In light of this, this study investigated the architectural characteristics and ventilation conditions of long-term care facilities in South Korea using a nationwide survey. An online survey targeting 12,425 facilities was conducted in April 2022, and valid responses from 5,550 facilities were analyzed. The survey examined building layouts, ventilation methods, mechanical ventilation systems, air purifier use, and ventilation operation and maintenance. The results showed that numerous facilities had architectural configurations unfavorable for natural ventilation, including a high proportion of double-loaded corridor layouts. Mechanical ventilation systems were installed in only 41.4% of facilities, whereas air purifiers were present in 72.3%, indicating a reliance on air cleaning rather than outdoor air ventilation. Although ventilation managers and regular inspections were commonly reported, formal operation and maintenance manuals were less prevalent. These findings indicate structural and system-level limitations in achieving stable ventilation performance in long-term care facilities. Additionally, they provide baseline data to support improvements in ventilation strategies and policies for infection-vulnerable facilities.

National parks serve as protected areas that ensure the sustainable use of representative natural ecosystems. In South Korea, approximately 46% of the nation’s total species and 65% of its endangered species inhabit national parks. Comprehensive resource surveys have been conducted every 5 years in accordance with the Natural Parks Act to safeguard these invaluable biological resources. However, species identification in these surveys still largely relies on traditional methods, which are time-consuming and labor-intensive, and often subject to investigator bias. This study investigated freshwater fish communities in stream ecosystems at four national parks-Seoraksan, Woraksan, Deogyusan, and Hallyeohaesang-using environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding to evaluate the consistency of its results with those of conventional surveys. A total of 33 fish species (five orders, 11 families) were recorded in both methods. eDNA detected 31 species (detection rate: 93.9%), whereas conventional methods identified 22 species (66.7%). However, species richness values were significantly correlated between the two methods. eDNA exhibited higher detection efficiency (88.7-100.0%) across all parks than conventional methods (64.3-72.2%). Six endangered species were identified in total, four of which (66.7%) were detected by eDNA. The results indicate that eDNA metabarcoding provides a more sensitive, efficient, and reliable tool for assessing freshwater fish diversity in national parks than conventional methods. Overall, eDNA offers a valuable complement or potential alternative to conventional survey methods for the long-term monitoring of freshwater fish biodiversity.

This study aimed to assess adults' perceptions and practices regarding sustainable diets and to identify sociodemographic factors influencing these outcomes. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with 337 adults from February 5 to 21, 2025. Participants' awareness, willingness to engage in education, and practices related to environmental, health, and consideration aspects of sustainable diets were measured using a 5-point scale. The findings revealed low awareness of sustainable diets (1.80) and moderate willingness to participate in educational initiatives (3.18). Practice scores were highest in the health area (3.53), followed by environmental (3.06) and consideration (2.34) aspects. Females demonstrated significantly greater awareness of sustainable diets (2.06 vs. 1.64, p<0.001) and higher practice scores in the environmental (p<0.01), health (p<0.05), and consideration areas (p<0.001). Adults aged 50 to 59 exhibited the highest practice levels across all areas, including environmental (3.52) and health (3.83). One-person households reported lower practice scores compared to larger households in all areas (all p<0.01). Regression analyses indicated that female gender, older age, and larger household size were positively associated with sustainable dietary practices. In conclusion, while adults exhibited low awareness of sustainable diets, there was moderate interest in education. Sustainable diet practices varied significantly based on gender, age, and household size.

This study examined the structural, physicochemical, and functional characteristics of five black soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivars—Cheongja5, Danheuk, Socheongja, Seum, and Soriheuk—bred and cultivated in Korea. We conducted comprehensive analyses on morphology, microstructure, thermal and hydration properties, pasting behavior, and antioxidant activity to identify cultivar-specific differences in processing suitability and functional properties. The results indicated significant varietal variations in seed coat ratio, cotyledon density, and color, which affected thermal stability, hydration, and viscosity development during heating. Cultivars with compact cotyledon matrices, such as Cheongja5 and Danheuk, displayed high enthalpy (ΔH), low solubility, and limited viscosity development, suggesting high structural stability and low thermal reactivity-traits favorable for thermally stable or beverage-type applications. In contrast, cultivars with looser structures and greater surface exposure, like Seum and Socheongja, exhibited higher swelling power, dispersion stability, and RVA viscosities, indicating their suitability for viscous or semi-solid systems. Notably, Soriheuk showed the highest antioxidant activity and levels of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, correlating with its high seed coat ratio and dark pigmentation, positioning it as a promising functional ingredient. These findings underscore that the physicochemical and structural diversity among black soybean cultivars significantly influences their processing performance and functional potential, providing a scientific foundation for selecting and developing functional cultivars.

This study explored how enzyme type (cellulase and pectinase), concentration, and mixing ratio influence the functional compounds and antioxidant activities of purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.). The enzyme treatment significantly impacted all measured parameters. At a cellulase concentration of 30 units, the total anthocyanin content reached 399.4 mg/100g dry weight (DW), representing a 163% increase compared to the control (151.6 mg/100g DW). Total polyphenol (1,799.7 mg GAE/100g DW) and flavonoid (475.3 mg CE/100g DW) contents also peaked under these conditions, while higher enzyme concentrations or increased pectinase ratios reduced extraction efficiency. The highest ABTS radical scavenging activity was noted at 30 units of cellulase (954.0 mg TE/100g DW) and at 80 units in a combined treatment of cellulase (2) to pectinase (1) (927.2 mg TE/100g DW), suggesting that moderate enzyme synergy enhances antioxidant release. Conversely, DPPH activity decreased with higher enzyme concentrations, with all combined treatments yielding lower results than the control. Overall, the optimal condition for enhancing both functional compound extraction and antioxidant activity in purple sweet potato was identified as a single treatment with cellulase at 30 units.

This study optimized the extraction of β-carotene and antioxidant compounds from orange-fleshed sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) using response surface methodology (RSM) with ethyl lactate as a green solvent. A central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate how the solvent-to-sample ratio, temperature, and extraction time affected efficiency. The regression model was statistically significant (Adj. R2=0.67), revealing that the solvent-to-sample ratio was the most influential factor, while temperature and time had relatively minor effects. The optimal conditions identified were a ratio of 12 mL/g, a temperature of 35°C, and an extraction time of 30 minutes, which resulted in a yield of 27 mg/100g of β-carotene, along with high levels of polyphenols, flavonoids, and strong antioxidant activities as measured by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid)) assays. Validation experiments demonstrated a close alignment between predicted and experimental values, confirming the model's robustness. These findings indicate that ethyl lactate effectively extracts not only carotenoids but also a wide range of antioxidants, underscoring its potential as a sustainable solvent for developing functional food ingredients.

This study presents an approach to estimate the measurement uncertainty in food moisture and vitamin C analyses by applying the top-down factor to the bottom-up method, following the GUM (Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement) and the EURACHEM guide. Uncertainty sources were identified as measurement repeatability, weight of dish, and pre- and post-drying weight for moisture analysis; and measurement repeatability, weight of sample, final volume of sample, standard solution preparation, and calibration curve for vitamin C analysis. Each source was evaluated as type A or type B, and the combined uncertainty was calculated. The applicability across diverse food matrices was confirmed by assessing the measurement uncertainty using three representative samples, each from a different food group. For the moisture content, the measurement results and expanded uncertainty were 11.76±0.17% for whole wheat, 63.57±0.45% for peeled chestnut, and 91.44±0.15% for green onion. The vitamin C content was 8.56±0.35 mg/100 g for peach, 10.51±1.65 mg/100 g for seaweed fusiforme, and 104.72±3.31 mg/100 g for bell pepper. The proposed approach simplifies the calculations and is applicable across diverse food matrices, facilitating a cost-effective and efficient estimation of the measurement uncertainty in food nutrient analyses and enhancing the reliability of the analytical results.

본 연구는 재해방지형, 생활환경보전형, 경관보전형, 수원함양형, 산림유전자원보호림 등 다섯 가지 산림보호구역 유형 간 생태계서비스 구조의 차이를 정량적으로 분석하였다. 이를 위해 InVEST 모형을 활용하여 수원함양(WY), 탄소저장(CS), 서식지질(HQ), 토양유실(SDR) 및 통합 생태계 서비스 지수(CES)를 산정하고, 유형 간 차이를 통계적으로 검증하였다. 분석 결과, 모든 지표에서 산림보호구역 유형 간 평균값은 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였으며(p < 0.001), 특히 산림유전자원보호구역이 전반적으로 가장 높은 생태기능을 나타냈다. 사후검정(Games–Howell) 결과 또한 산림보호구역 유형별 생태계서비스 수준이 뚜렷하게 구분됨을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 산림보호구역 유형에 따라 생태계서비스 수준이 구조적으 로 달라짐을 실증적으로 제시하였으며, 유형별 맞춤형 관리 전략 수립을 위한 근거자료를 제공한다.

목적: 본 연구는 국내 작업치료학과를 대상으로 국제작업치료사연맹(World Federation of Occupational Therapists; WFOT) 인증 여부에 따른 기관의 일반적 특성, 교과과정, 연구성과 차이를 비교⋅분석하여 교육 품질 관리의 현황과 향후 발전 방향을 탐색하고자 하였다. 방법: 2023년 기준 국내 55개 교육기관을 모집단으로 하였으며, 이 중 49개 기관의 결과를 확보하였다. 각 기관의 학제, 전임교원 수, 학위 및 면허 보유 현황, 임상실습 교과목 및 시수, 연구성과를 조사하였다. 자료 분석은 기술통계를 활용하여 WFOT 인증 대학과 비인증 대학 간 차이를 검증하였다. 결과: 4년제 대학의 WFOT 인증률은 74.1%로, 3년제 대학의 40.9%에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 임상실습 교과목 수와 시수에서 인증 대학(평균 5.8과목, 평균 1,038.3시간)이 비인증 대학(평균 3.6과목, 평균 623.0시 간)보다 많았으며 그 차이는 통계적으로 유의미했다. 또한 인증 대학에서 박사학위 소지자 수와 작업치료 면허 소지자 수가 비인증 대학에 비해 통계적으로 더 많은 차이를 보였다. 반면, 연구성과(SCI⋅KCI 논문 수)는 인증 대학이 더 높았으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 지역 분포에서는 수도권⋅비수도권 간 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 결론: 본 연구는 WFOT 인증 여부가 국내 작업치료학과의 임상실습 충족 여부와 밀접히 연관됨을 보여주었다. 이러한 결과는 학제 통합과 임상실습 표준화, 그리고 교육과 연구의 균형적 발전을 위한 정책적 노력이 필요함을 시사한다.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a simulation-based Room of Errors patient safety education program on patient safety-related nursing activities and critical reflection competency of new nurses. Method: A randomized controlled pretest–posttest design was used. A total of 63 new nurses participated, with 32 assigned to the experimental group and 31 to the control group. The experimental group received a team-based simulation intervention, with participants collaboratively identifying and addressing patient safety hazards within Room of Errors scenarios. Results: In the experimental group, patient safety-related nursing activity scores increased significantly after the intervention (t = 2.70, p = .011), while the control group showed no significant change (t = 0.23, p = .816). Additionally, critical reflection competency scores improved significantly in the experimental group (t = 3.66, p < .001), with no significant change observed in the control group (t = -0.53, p = .603). The between-group difference in change scores for critical reflection competency was statistically significant (t = 2.77, p = .007). Conclusion: The simulation-based Room of Errors education program effectively enhanced patient safety-related nursing activities and critical reflection competency among new nurses, suggesting its value as a training method for developing essential competencies in clinical practice.

Purpose: This study aims to develop and evaluate A4, a generative AI agent (Adaptive Aptitude Assessment by AI for Nursing Students), designed to support undergraduate nursing students in matching their personal traits with suitable clinical roles. Method: An exploratory research design was used with 71 nursing students and 65 clinical nurses. Developed using ChatGPT-4, the A4 agent classified nursing roles, identified required personal traits, and generated adaptive test items. Perceived person–job fit was measured via survey, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent t-tests. Results: Among students, 80.3% agreed that the A4 results represented their characteristics, compared with 69.2% of nurses. Nursing students had higher perceived aptitude–fit scores (2.99 ± 0.62) than nurses (2.74 ± 0.69), indicating a significant difference (t = 2.19, p = .030). Conclusion: The findings indicate that the generative AI-based adaptive assessment, which incorporated clinical scenarios, was perceived by nursing students and clinical nurses as a tool that represents personal traits. This suggests its potential to support personalized career guidance in nursing education and serve as a supplementary tool for clinical practicum orientation.

본 연구는 교외지역 쇠퇴 현상을 실증적으로 규명하기 위하여 인구 고령화와 주택 노후화가 동시에 진행되는 ‘이중노후 (double ageing)’를 1km 격자 단위에서 분석하였다. 2000-2020년 동안 노인인구 비율 증가율과 평균주택연령 변화량을 Z-표 준화하여 결합한 이중노후지수(DAI)를 바탕으로, 이중노후가 나타나는 격자들에 대해 인구 및 주택 특성을 검토하였다. 또, Getis-Ord' G*, 거리(고리)･방위(섹터) 분석을 적용해 공간적 집적성과 확산 경향을 확인하였다. 분석 결과, 이중노후는 서울 경계 20km 이내의 내부 교외지역에 집중되었으며, 특히 1990년대 대규모 아파트 공급지와 연계되는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 해당 지역들이 동일 시기에 형성된 주택과 세대구성의 구조적 유사성 때문에 인구･주택의 이중노후화가 급격히 나타났음을 보여준다. 반면 외곽 저밀도 지역은 절대적 노후 수준이 높음에도 변화율이 낮아 이중노후지수는 작게 나타났다. 본 연구는 격자 기반 미세공간 분석을 통해 교외지역의 이중노후화에 토대한 쇠퇴 양상을 실증적으로 규명하였으며, 향후 교외지역 정책 패러다임의 전환이 이루어져야 함을 제시하였다는 의의를 가진다.

인천 적수 사고를 비롯한 수돗물 수질 사고가 연이어 발생하면서, 안전하고 깨끗한 물 공급의 중요성과 함께 상수도관망의 체계적인 유지관리에 대한 필요성이 증대된 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 현장 세척 기록과 수리해석 및 관로 제원 등 데이터를 통합하여 상태가 취약한 상수관로의 최적 플러싱 주기를 결정하는 모델을 제안하고자 한다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 문헌 검토를 통해 상수관로의 취약성을 평가하기 위한 6가지 핵심 지표로 평균 유속, 관 연령, 비내식성 밸브 산재 구역, 수질민원 발생 구역, 잔류염소 및 탁도 기준 미달 구간, 법정 세척 이력 부재 구역이다. 이러한 지표를 기반으로 상수관의 상태를 4가지 등급으로 분류하였다. 먼저, S시(2013∼2014 년)의 플러싱 데이터를 사용하여 관로 길이, 관경, 연령을 모델의 독립변수로 고려하여 최적 세척 주기를 예측하는 다중 회귀 모델을 개발했다. 이 모델은 통계적 유의성(R = 0.617, p < 0.05)을 갖으며, 다중공선성은 없는 것으로 나타났다. 개발한 모델의 적용성을 검토하기 위해 B시의 대규모 블록 구역에 모델을 적용한 결과, 취약한 관로가 관망의 말단 및 저유속 지역에 집중되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 관경이 작고(100∼150mm) 노후된 배관은 일반적으로 월별 또는 분기별 주기로 더 짧은 세척 간격이 필요한 것으로 도출되었다. 이처럼 세척 간격이 짧은 구간은 세척을 정기적으로 수행하기 보다는 경제성 평가를 통해 개량 의사결정을 수립하는 것이 적절하다고 판단된다. 종합적으로 본 연구에서 제시한 취약관로 상태평가 기준 및 세척 주기 산정모델은 기존의 일률적 세척 주기 운영 방식의 한계를 보완하고, 관로별 상태에 따라 차등화된 유지관리 전략 수립에 기여할 수 있는 정량적 의사결정 도구로서의 활용 가능성을 확인하였다. 향후 다양한 지역에서의 세척 데이터 축적과 현장 실증을 통해 모델의 외삽성을 검증하고, 제한된 예산, 인력, 장비 등 현실적 제약조건을 고려한 최적화된 세척 스케줄링 기법으로의 확장이 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 이를 통해 정기적 세척뿐 아니라 예산 효율성, 유지관리 비용, 세척 효과 분석을 통합적으로 고려하는 종합적 의사결정 지원 모델로 발전시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

This study aims to advance Korea’s aquatic ecosystem assessment framework by developing and validating an Integrated Assessment Index (IAI) that synthesizes three biological indicators: the Diatom Assessment Index (DAI), the Benthic Macroinvertebrate Assessment Index (BAI), and the Fish Assessment Index (FAI). Using biomonitoring data collected from 2019 to 2021, three integration methods: the minimum grade method, most frequent grade method, and arithmetic mean method, were compared. The arithmetic mean method demonstrated the highest suitability and was adopted as the final integration approach. The resulting IAI showed stronger correlations with major water quality factors (BOD, TN, TP) than individual biological indices, indicating its enhanced capacity to capture both water quality gradients and ecological response patterns across biological assemblages. Application of the IAI to aquatic ecosystem assessment data from 2016 to 2023 revealed that the overall ecological condition of Korean rivers remained at a “fair (C)” level. Approximately half of the sites were classified as good to very good (A~B), while around 20% were rated as poor to very poor (D~E). Annual cycle analysis further indicated that first-year surveys within each monitoring phase exhibited higher proportions of good conditions, whereas second- and third-year surveys showed increasing frequencies of fair conditions, suggesting cumulative environmental stressors or progressive habitat alteration. Mid-sized basin target standards achievement analysis showed a clear discrepancy between waterquality and biological outcomes. While BOD and TP targets were met at relatively high rates, IAI achievement rates were the lowest across all major river basins (18~33%). This indicates that current water quality centered management goals insufficiently reflect actual ecological conditions. The results highlight that improvements in physico-chemical factors alone are insufficient for biological recovery and that habitat structure, flow regime, and substrate conditions are critical drivers of ecological integrity. Overall, the IAI effectively integrates biological and physico-chemical information, offering a more comprehensive quantification of river aquatic ecosystem health than single metric approaches. The index demonstrates strong potential as a practical tool for future policy applications, including mid-sized basin target management, ecological restoration prioritization, and integrated water resource planning.

Current assessments of stream ecosystem health in Korea using benthic diatoms rely primarily on the Trophic Diatom Index (TDI), which is highly sensitive to phosphorus concentrations but has limited ability to capture complex environmental stressors such as organic pollution and physical habitat degradation. To address these limitations and enhance the ecological diagnostic capacity of diatom-based assessments, we developed a Korean-type multimetric diatom index, the Diatom Assessment Index (DAI). Using benthic diatom assemblage data and environmental variables collected from 3,029 sites nationwide between 2019 and 2021, we screened candidate metrics based on variability, redundancy, discriminatory power, and sensitivity analyses. Five metrics-TDI, proportion of motile diatoms, proportion of sensitive diatoms, proportion of saprophilous diatoms, and the [Achnanthes / (Achnanthes+Navicula)] ratio-were ultimately selected and integrated to calculate the DAI score. Applying the DAI to an independent dataset from 3,005 sites (2022~2024) demonstrated that the index exhibited a near-normal distribution across assessment classes, in contrast to the TDI, which tended to be skewed toward specific ranges. The DAI showed strong correlations not only with physicochemical parameters such as BOD and TP but also with physical habitat indicators, including flow velocity and the proportion of fine substrates. In addition, the DAI was significantly correlated with other biological indices, such as the Benthic Macroinvertebrate Index (BMI) and the Fish Assessment Index (FAI). These results indicate that the DAI provides a more comprehensive and ecologically meaningful measure of stream health in Korea and can serve as an effective tool for national aquatic ecosystem assessment and management.

This study examines the current framework for diagnosing the causes of stream ecosystem impairment in South Korea and proposes strategies to improve the effectiveness of aquatic ecosystem restoration policies. While technical guidelines and manuals for impairment diagnosis have been developed, they remain limited in practice due to weak legal enforceability, lack of integration with restoration planning, and insufficient coordination between related laws such as the Water Environment Conservation Act and the River Act. To address these issues, this study highlights the need for institutional reforms, including the legal establishment of a national inventory of impaired streams, the development of a comprehensive management plan, and the incorporation of diagnosis results into river planning processes. It also proposes clarifying the roles of central and local agencies to enhance administrative efficiency and reduce project fragmentation. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the potential of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) as a paradigm shift in stream restoration. The application of NbS should be linked to the results of scientific diagnosis and tailored to the specific characteristics and impairment mechanisms of each stream. By strengthening the link between diagnosis, planning, and implementation, and adopting ecosystem-based approaches such as NbS, this study aims to inform integrated policy and institutional directions for sustainable stream restoration in South Korea.

Water environment management in Korea has long been driven by chemical water quality standards; however, such an approach does not adequately reflect the structural and functional integrity of aquatic ecosystems. Accordingly, the introduction of biological water quality criteria (biocriteria) has emerged as a key task for establishing ecosystem-centered water environmental policies. This study reviewed the scientific and legal foundations necessary for developing biocriteria suited to Korean aquatic ecosystems and proposed practical approaches for institutionalizing them as environmental standards. To this end, we conducted a comparative analysis of biocriteria implementation cases in major countries, including the United States, the European Union (EU), and Canada, and examined both the applicability and limitations of domestic multi-metric index (MMI)-based biological indicators. In addition, we evaluated the potential linkage with national legislation, including the Framework Act on Environmental Policy and the Water Environment Conservation Act, and proposed an institutionalization roadmap. This study emphasizes the necessity of establishing biocriteria as a policy turning point for securing the ecological health of Korean freshwater ecosystems and building an integrated water environment management framework.

2008년 금융위기 이후 자본규제 강화와 저금리 장기화가 지속되는 가운데, 코로나19를 거치며 각국 은행의 수 익구조가 상이하게 재편되었다. 한국과 일본은 유사한 금융환경에도 통화정책과 수익성 조정 경로가 뚜렷이 달랐다. 이에 본 연구는 한국(13개)과 일본(91개)의 2016년-2024년 상업은행 자료를 이용하여 코로나19 전후 수익성 결정요인의 변화를 실증적으로 비교․분석하였다. 한국의 경우 코로나19더미가 ROE와 NIM 모두에서 긍정적인 영향을 미쳐 코로나19 이후 금리 상승과 예대 마진 확대로 수익성이 개선된 것으로 나타났다. 은행규모는 ROE에 긍정적이었으나 NIM에는 부정적 영향을 주 었다. 유동성은 수익성에 긍정적인 영향을, 자산건전성과 성장성은 수익성에 부정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 확인 되었다. 반면 일본에서는 코로나19 이후에도 수익성에 유의한 변화가 나타나지 않았으며, 자본적정성은 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 확인하였고 경영관리적정성은 지표에 따라 상반된 결과를 나타냈다. 은행규모와 은행나이는 수익성에 부정적인 영향을 주는 것을 확인하였다. 이는 장기적인 YCC 및 초저금리 정책이 수익성을 제약하는 구 조로 작용했음을 의미한다. 이상의 결과는 한국은 금리 및 유동성 등 외생적 요인 변화에 민감하게 반응하는 수익구조로 전환된 반면, 일본 은 내부 효율성과 리스크 관리 중심의 구조를 유지하고 있음을 보여준다. 정책적으로 한국은 비이자수익 확대와 비용 효율성 제고를, 일본은 경영 효율화와 수익 다각화를 통한 구조적 개선이 요구된다.