자연유기물을 처리하는 혼합 오존-세라믹 한외여과 수처리 시스템에서 막의 운전조건과 처리수의 화학적 조성이 세라믹 막의 투과플럭스에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 오존주입량, 막간압력 그리고 교차흐름속도를 포함한 운전조건의 영향을 관찰한 결과, 막의 투과플럭스는 오존주입량과 교차흐름속도가 증가할수록 그리고 막간압력이 감소할수록 증가하였다. 오존주입으로 인한 막오염의 감소는 교차여과에서 오존기체방울에 의해 발생하는 오염물질의 물리적인 역수송보다는 촉매 금속산화물로 이루어진 세라믹막 표면에서 발생하는 오존과 자연유기물간의 화학반응에 의한 영향에 더욱 의존할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 그러나 이와 같은 막오염의 감소는 상대적으로 높은 막간압력을 적용 시 줄어드는 경향을 나타내었다. 모델 자연유기물을 이용하여 실험한 결과, 높은 pH에서는 칼슘의 첨가로 인해 투과플럭스가 급격하게 감소하였으나 상대적으로 낮은 pH에서는 투과플럭스 감소에 대한 칼슘의 효과는 저하되었다. 혼합 오존-세라믹만 시스템에서 연속적인 오존주입은 세라믹막 표면에서 발생하는 촉매오존산화에 의한 자연유기물의 분해로 운전 초기 막의 투과플럭스의 감소 후 궁극적으로는 막의 투과플럭스를 회복시킬 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

본 연구에서는 포도의 저장성을 향상시킬 수 있는 방법을 모색하기 위하여 'Sheridan'과 'Muscat Bailey A' 품종을 전해산성수 가습처리와 오존수 살균처리 및 전해산성수 살균처리하여 0±1℃에서 90±2%의 상대습도에서 60일간 저장하면서 포도의 품질 특성을 조사하였다. 모든 처리구에서 대조구에 비하여 저장성이 향상된 것을 알 수 있었으며, 중량감모율, 비정상과 발생률, 탈립율, 당도 및 진균수 억제 효과는 처리구별로 무처리구에 비하여 전해산성수 가습처리하여 포도를 저장하였을 때 중량감모율이 가장 적게 변화하여 좋은 효율을 나타내었고, 오존수 살균처리 및 전해산성수 살균처리 방법에서 비정상과 발생률, 탈립율, 당도 및 진균수에 대한 억제 효율을 나타내었는데, 오존수 살균방법보다 전해산성수 살균방법에서 높은 효과를 나타났다. 유리당과 총산 함량은 저장기간의 증가에 따라 약간의 감소를 보였으며, 과피의 anthocyanin 함량도 약간 증가하였다. 본 실험결과 전해산성수 가습방법과 살균방법이 우수한 효과를 나타냄을 확인할 수 있었다.

합성 하수 및 실제 하수를 이용한 금속 막의 정밀 여과 공정에서 분리 막의 전체 저항의 증가는 입자의 막 표면 축적에 의한 케이크 층의 저항 (Rc)에 가장 큰 영향을 받았다. 막 오염 저감을 위한 방법으로 오존 가스를 이용한 간헐적 역세정은 공기에 의한 경우보다 막 오염 저감에 훨씬 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 운전 인자에 대한 영향으로 동일한 오존 주입량에서는 주입시간을 길게 하기보다는 주입 가스 유량을 크게 할수록 더 높은 막 투과 유속의 회복을 보였다. 여과시간이 길수록 오존가스를 이용한 막 오염 저감효과가 감소하는 것으로 나타나 부착층 및 막 내부에서 파울링 물질에 의한 비가역적인 막 오염이 발생하기 전에 막 세정을 실시하는 것이 바람직한 것으로 판단된다.

상용 고분자막으로 많이 사용되는 Polysulfone(PSF)을 오존으로 처리하여 기체의 투과 및 분리특성을 조사하였다. 고분자막의 오존처리는 chamber 내부에 막을 설치하고 약 5vol.%의 오존을 포함한 산소를 chamber에 연속적으로 공급하면서 일정시간 동안 오전처리를 수행하였다. PSF막의 선택도는 오존처리시간에 따라 증가하였으며 적정 오존처리 시간은 1.5시간이면 충분한 것으로 조사되었다. 그리고, 오존처리에 의한 He/N2, H2/N2, O2/N2, CO2/CH4등의 선택도의 증가는 분자크기가 큰 N2나 CH4의 투과도의 감소에 기인하며 분자크기가 작은 기체의 투과도의 감소는 매우 작은 것으로 나타났다. 오존처리에 의한 선택도의 증가는 오존이 PSF 고분자를 부분적으로 산화시키고 이때 생성된 산소복합체들이 PSF의 자유부피를 감소시키기 때문으로 생각된다.

For the purpose of improving hygienic quality of dried-Angelica Keiskei Koidz powder, the effects of ozone treatment and gamma irradiation on the microbial decontamination and physicochemical properties were investigated. Gamma irradiation at 5 to 7.5 kGy resulted in sterilizing total aerobic bacteria, molds and coliforms below detective levels, while ozone treatment for 8 hours up to 18 ppm did not sufficiently eliminate the total aerobic bacteria of the sample. The physicochemical properties of the sample were not changed by gamma irradiation up to 7.5 kGy, whereas, ozone treatment caused remarkable changes in pH, TBA value, chlorophyll, carotenoid and fatty acid compositions. Therefore, this investigation demonstrated conclusively that gamma irradiation was more effective than ozone treatment for decontaminating and sterilizing the dried-Angelica Keiskei Koidz powder, with minimal effect on the physicochemical properties analyzed.

As a preliminary experiment to investigate the effect of ozone sterelization on the ginseng powder, the changes of fatty acid composition and organic acid content and sensory properties in ginseng powder treated with ozone was investigated. Ginseng powder was treated with 0.5 ppm ozone for 24 hours and 48 hours, respectively. With increase in ozone treatment time, the content of crude lipid and total unsaturated fatty acid decreased, whereas composition of total saturated fatty acid increased. Contents of unsaturated fatty acid-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, and oleic acid, etc.-decreased with ozone treatment time, whereas saturated fatty acid of same number-stearic acid-increased. Contents of organic acid were not shown significant changes. Ginseng odor, roasted odor, bitter taste, roasted taste and sweet taste were thicker with ozone treatment times, but pungent taste was thicker with those treatment. These changes of ordors and tastes of ginseng powder with ozone treatment were predicted by oxydation of lipids, flavor components and saponins.

Ozone treatment was applied to ginseng powder for the improving hygienic quality of ginseng powder. A bacterial strain was isolated form ginseng powder contaminated. The strain designated as GT4, was identified as Escherichia coli species by IMVIC test method. Ozone inhibited strongly total bacteria and coliforms in ginseng powder(initial concentration 10³/g) at 0.35 ppm. High ozone concentration reduced death time of the total bacteria in ginseng powder. However, ozone treatment caused significant degradation in saponins of ginseng powder. Ozone treatment also caused a increase in Hunter's color L value and decrease in a and b values of ginseng powder.

The purpose of this study was to develop a recycling system for ozone off-gas. Although the ozone transmission rate of the injector method differs slightly depending on the ozone injection rate, it reaches approximately 99%, which is very high. During the increase in water inflow to the ozone recycling system from 2 L/min to 10 L/min, the average ozone recycling rate was 99.4% at a 1 ppm ozone injection rate, 98.6% at a 2 ppm ozone injection rate, 98.1% at a 3 ppm ozone injection rate. Ozone treatment facility operating costs can be divided into the costs of pure oxygen production, ozone production, and maintenance. The annual operating costs of ozone treatment facilities in Korea are estimated to be approximately 38.9 billion won. The annual savings are estimated to be approximately 5.8 billion won when the ozone transfer rate of the diffuser method, which is mostly employed in domestic water treatment plants, is 85% and 15% of the ozone is recycled.

기존의 정수처리 방법으로는 제거되지 않는 물질이 발생함에 고도정수 처리 시설의 도입이 증가하고 있다. 그러나 오존을 이용한 고도정수처리 시설의 내부 방수·방식재는 오존의 산화력에 의해 열화되며 콘크리트까지 영향을 미쳐 내구성 저하의 원인이 된다. 본 연구에서는 내오존성 및 내화학성이 뛰어난 금속 패널을 기존의 시공법 보다 손쉬운 방법으로 시공하기 위한 방법으로 금속용사 공법을 이용하여 수처 리 시설 콘크리트 구조물의 열화를 원천적으로 방지하기 위한 마감공법 개발 연구의 일원으로 용사금속 종류 및 피막의 표면처리 방법에 따른 내오존성 평가를 실시하였으며, 오존처리 후의 부착강도를 평가하였다. 실험결과 용사금속 Ti이 용사 후에도 내오존성이 뛰어난 것으로 나타 났으며 표면처리 방법으로는 테프론계 봉공처리제를 사용하여 마감하는 것이 내오존성 및 부착성능 확보에 가장 적합한 방법이라 판단된다.

Background : Tropospheric ozone (O3) is a secondary air pollutant that negatively affects numerous agricultural crop and forest. The tropospheric ozone is constantly increasing due to fossil fuel air pollutants. Here, we study the response of tartary buckwheat to ozone gas includes physiological and biochemical changes such as change in gene expression and metabolism. Methods and Results : Tartary buckwheat plants have green stems and leaves under normal conditions, while the plants exposed to the ozone have red stems and reddish green leaves. The expression of most flavonoid biosynthetic genes were significantly upregulated in ozone-treated buckwheat plants, exceting the expression of FtF3’H2. The contents of two anthocyanins, cyanidin 3-O-glucoside and cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside, were significantly increased by ozone treatment. From the metabolic profiling based on the GC-TOF-MS analysis, we identified the effect of ozone on thirty-five metabolites, including sugars, amino acids, and organic acids. Most of the metabolites result in significantly decreased or nearly remain unchanged in the ozone-treated plants compared with untreated plants, excepting alanine, proline, tryptophan, sucrose, and raffinose. To identify the effect of ozone on the leaf, we analyzed the epidermal cells on the leaf surface by scanning electron microscopy. Interestingly, amount of epidermal cells were partially destructed in ozone-treated plants. Conclusion : By analyzing both primary and secondary metabolites of tartary buchwheat without or with ozone, we identified that ozone affects the modulation of the metabolites as well as gene expression in tartary buchwheat.

Recently, Advanced water treatment facilities with Ozone are being introduced domestically. However, waterproofing/corrosion prevention construction method of concrete structure for existing advanced water treatment makes waterproofing/corrosion prevention materials and concrete deteriorated because of strong oxidation of ozone. Therefore, in this study, It was evaluated in Permeability Evaluation of metal spraying coating.

The quality and shelf life of sliced root of Platycodon grandiflorum (Doraji) treated by ozon-microbubble-heat shock (OMH) were investigated by combining modified-atmosphere packaging [MAP, (50% O2+15% CO2+35% N2)]. The study was based on microbiological (total viable bacteria, fungi, Enterobacteriaceae and coliforms numbers), physicochemical and sensory changes. OMH treatment was effective in reducing microbial populations of the sliced Doraji, especially Enterobacteriaceae and coliforms reduced by 2 log CFU/g. However OMH-MAP treatment remained the aerobe and fungi numbers. Regarding the color, OMH-MAP delayed the change of Hunter b* and the sliced Doraji by OMH-MAP treatment exhibited lower decrease of flavor and overall acceptability compared to those by polypropylene packaging after tap water treatment (Control). The OMH and 50%O2+15%CO2 MAP treatment gave better sensory quality and extended shelf-life for sliced Doraji (~3 days longer shelf-life than Control). Flavor was significantly related to overall acceptability at both Control and OMH-MAP, whereas total coliforms prevalence was associated with overall acceptability at only OMH-MAP. Therefore microbubble-heat shock treatment may improve microbial safety and sliced Doraji by OMH treatment can stored under 50%O2+15%CO2 treatment for up to 7 days. Thus, OMH and MAP treatment may be used in maintaining the storage quality and marketability of sliced Doraji.

Recently, Advanced water treatment facilities with Ozone are being introduced domestically. However, waterproofing/corrosion prevention construction method of concrete structure for existing advanced water treatment makes waterproofing/corrosion prevention materials and concrete deteriorated because of strong oxidation of ozone. Therefore, in this study, It was evaluated in ozone resistance and bond strength of metal spraying coating.

Ozonation was performed for an effective removal of bisphenol A in laboratory scale batch reactor under various experimental conditions including the Al2O3 catalysts dosage, UV irradiation and temperature. Flow rate of ozone 1.0 L min−1 and ozone concentration of 75 ± 5 mg L−1 was maintained constantly, and the pH, COD and TOC were measured in 10 min intervals during oxidation processes for 60 min at 20oC. Our results confirmed that the O3/UV, O3/UV/Al2O3 in the ozonation improved the removal efficiency of both COD and TOC in solution compared with O3 process alone. The pseudo first-order rate constants for the elimination of COD and TOC were calcluated to be 3.58 × 10−4 sec−1, 1.58 × 10−4 sec−1 and 7.98 × 10−4 sec−1, 3.42 × 10−4 sec−1 and activation energy was 1.44 kcal·mol−1 and 2.32 kcal·mol−1 at 20oC, respectively.

By the strengthening of sewage treated quality law and the amount of sewage sludge every year is increasing in Korea. However, it is difficult to disposal of sewage sludge due to ocean dumping restriction. As an alternative to this, drying, incineration, anaerobic digestion etc. is applied, which is uneconomical in most be processed by the consumption of energy. In particular, anaerobic digestion technology has been installed in the sewage treatment 65 plats in Korea’s STP(sewage treatment plant). It is most of the digestion efficiency requires the application of improved technology to less than 50%. As an improvement technology for most anaerobic digester, ultrasonic, electronic beam, ozone etc. solubilization method using has been mainly used. Therefore, in this study, after the wet milling particles of sludge to subject the sludge that has not been decomposed in the digested sludge circulating fluid of anaerobic digestion, was let examine the characteristic at the time of ozonation. The size of the particles before and after the wet milling, which is the measurement at each 105.26 μm and 77.18 μm, solubilization rate is increased to 23.5%. When ozonation after wet milling using sludge is determined as possible to improve the efficiency.

The objective of this study was to find optimum pretreatment conditions of ozone and microwave for solubilizationof thickened waste activated sludge (TWAS). Response surface analysis was applied to determine the combination of ozoneconcentration (0.03 to 0.1g O3/g total solid (TS)) and microwave temperature (100~170oC). The temperature significantlyaffected the solubilization degree of sludge (p<0.01). Within the design boundaries, the conditions predicted to maximizethe solubilization degree of 41.6% were determined to be 0.065g O3/g TS and 170oC. On the other hand, the solubilizationdegree with the ozone pretreatment alone was 2.7 to 12.2% at 0.03~0.1g O3/g TS. The results show that the combinationof ozone and microwave pretreatments is effective in solubilization of TWAS.