Biodiesel fuel (BDF) can be effectively used as an alternative fuel in diesel engines. The BDF, however, may affect performance and exhaust emissions of the diesel engine because it's physical and chemical properties are different with from the diesel fuel such as viscosity, compressibility and so on. To investigate an effect of injection timing on characteristics of performance and exhaust emissions with the BDF in an IDI diesel engine, this research applied the BDF derived from soybean oil in this study. The engine was operated with six different injection timings from TDC to BTDC 12 ˚CA and six different loads at the engine speed of 1500 and 2000 rpm. In less then the BDF 20, it showed the similar trend compare to the diesel fuel. But, the best injection timing was 2˚CA retarded compare to the diesel fuel with BDF 50.

전통적인 화석 에너지 자원의 고갈과 환경오염 악화 등의 관점에서 볼 때 에너지 절약 및 배출가스의 저감은 동시에 해결해야 되는 문제로 대두되고 있다. 바이오연료는 대체연료의 하나로서 이러한 문제들을 효과적으로 해소할 수 있는 대안으로 떠오르고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 커먼레일 터보과급디젤기관에서 카놀라유 바이오디젤연료의 적용효과를 알아보기 위하여 실험적으로 고찰하였다. 실험에 사용된 연료는 ULSD(초저황 디젤유), BD20(체적비로 20%인 카놀라유와 80% 디젤유 혼합) 및 PCO(순수한 카놀라유)를 사용하였다. 카놀라유 바이오디젤연료의 혼합율이 증가함에 따라 입자상물질(PM)과 일산화탄소 (CO)는 크게 감소하였으며, 질소산화물(NOx)은 약간 증가하는 현상을 보였다.

Biodiesel as alternative energy source of the traditional petroleum fuels has increased interest, because environmental pollution based exhaust emissions from vehicle became serious. The advantage of biodiesel produced from esterification of vegetable and animal oils can be used without the modification of existing diesel engine, but glycerin is generated by production process. In this study, the usability of non-esterification biodiesel as an alternative fuel was investigated in a indirect injection diesel engine. The non-esterification biodiesel has not generated glycerin in esterification process and reduced the 20 percent of cost because it has not used methanol in the production process. Experiments were conducted by using the 5, 10 and 20 percentage of biodiesel and 4 and 8 percentage of biodiesel with 1 and 2 percentage of WDP in baseline diesel fuel. The smoke emission of biodiesel was reduced in comparison with diesel fuel, but power, torque and brake specific energy consumption was similar to diesel fuel.

The main purpose of this paper was to analyze the removal characteristics of gas/particulate phase pollutants for the present system. Experimentally, we performed to estimate the pressure drop and air pollution removal efficiency with physical variables such as stage number, tube velocity, tube diameter, water spray (NH4OH), and so on. It was concluded that the pressure drop was shown below 111 mmH2O lower than that of the existing scrubber (centrifugal spray chamber, over 200 mmAq) at inlet velocity 3.46 m/s and 5 stage. The particular removal efficiency of this system was to be significantly higher at 99.8% in comparison with that of the existing scrubber for 5 stage, inlet velocity 3.46 m/s and NH4OH (aq) 300 mL/min. It was estimated that the removal efficiencies of SO2 and NO2 were 80% and 70% at system inlet velocity 2.07 m/s and NH4OH (aq) 300 mL/min respectively. Additionally, the present collection system was to be considered as an effective compact system for simultaneous removal of air pollutants (gas/particulate) due to much higher removal efficiency and appropriate pressure drop without a demister.

Biodiesel as alternative energy source of the traditional petroleum fuels has increased interest, because environmental pollution based exhaust emissions from vehicle became serious. The advantage of biodiesel produced from esterification of vegetable and animal oils can be used without the modification of existing diesel engine, but glycerin is generated by production process. In this study, the usability of non-esterification biodiesel as an alternative fuel was investigated in a indirect injection diesel engine. The non-esterification biodiesel has not generated glycerin in esterification process and reduced the 20 percent of cost because it has not used methanol in the production process. Experiments were conducted by using the 5, 10 and 20 percentage of biodiesel and 4 and 8 percentage of biodiesel with 1 and 2 percentage of WDP in baseline diesel fuel. The smoke emission of biodiesel was reduced in comparison with diesel fuel, but power, torque and brake specific energy consumption was similar to diesel fuel.

Our environment is faced with serious problems related to the air pollution from automobiles in these days. In particular, the exhaust emissions from the diesel engines are recognized main cause which influenced environment strong. In this study, the potential of biodiesel fuel and oxygenated fuel (ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether; EGBE) was investigated as an effective method of decreasing the smoke emission. The smoke emission of blending fuel (EGBE 0~20 vol-%) was reduced in comparison with diesel fuel and it was reduced approximately 64% at 2000 rpm, full load in the 20% of blending rate. But torque and brake specific energy consumption (BSEC) didn't have no large differences. But, NOx emissions from biodiesel fuel and EGBE blended fuel were increased compared with diesel fuel.

The main object of this study is to investigate the collection characteristics of an electro-static multi-staged impaction system, experimentally. The experiment is carried out to analyze the characteristics of pressure drop and collection efficiency for the present system with the experimental parameters such as the inlet velocity, stage number, applied voltage and shape of discharge electrode, etc. In results, the pressure drop is shown below 148 mmH2O lower than that of the conventional bag filter at inlet velocity 3.46 m/s and 5 stage. For 5 stage , the collection efficiencies are to be 97.4, 99.0% with the applied voltage 0 kV at the inlet velocity 2.07, 3.46 m/s, while 98.4, 99.9% with 40 kV of a sharp edge discharge electrode. Additionally, the present system is to be considered as an effective compact system for a removal of particulate pollutants from marine diesel engines due to much higher collection efficiency and appropriate pressure drop.

Our environment is faced with serious problems related to the air pollution from automobiles in these days. In particular, the exhaust emissions from the diesel engines are recognized main cause which influenced environment strong. In this study, the potential of biodiesel fuel and oxygenated fuel (ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether; EGBE) was investigated as an effective method of decreasing the smoke emission. The smoke emission of blending fuel (EGBE 0~20 vol-%) was reduced in comparison with diesel fuel and it was reduced approximately 64% at 2000 rpm, full load in the 20% of blending rate. But torque and brake specific energy consumption (BSEC) didn't have no large differences. But, NOx emissions from biodiesel fuel and EGBE blended fuel were increased compared with diesel fuel.

In this study, we investigated the effects of EGR rate and engine load on the emission characteristics in a 4-cylinder common rail direct injection diesel engine fueled with canola oil biodiesel (BD) blended fuel. The biodiesel blend fuel, BD20 (20 vol.% biodiesel and 80 vol.% ULSD blend) was used at an engine speed of 1,500rpm. The experimental results showed that with the increasing of EGR rate, the combustion pressure and rate of heat release (ROHR) of three test fuels were decreased, and the ignition delay was extended, the carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM) emissions increased slightly, but the nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission decreased clearly. On the other hand, with the increasing of engine load, the combustion pressure and ROHR were increased, and the CO and PM emissions decreased. However, the NOx emission was increased due to the rise of the combustion temperature.

This study describes the effects of canola oil biodiesel (BD) blended fuel on the combustion performance and emission characteristics in a 4-cylinder common-rail direct injection diesel engine. In this study, with the increasing of engine loads, the biodiesel blend fuels(100 vol.% ULSD and 0 vol.% biodiesel blend, BD0; 80 vol.% ULSD and 20 vol.% biodiesel blend, BD20; 0 vol.% ULSD and 100 vol.% biodiesel blend, BD100; ULSD: ultra low sulfur diesel) were used at an engine speed of 1,500rpm. The experimental results showed that with the increasing of biodiesel blend rate, the combustion pressure decreased slightly at engine load of 20~60Nm. However, the rate of heat release (ROHR) increased clearly and ignition delay time was shortened. With the increasing of biodiesel blend rate, the carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM) emissions were more decreased at all of the engine loads.

This study was performed to investigate the effect of fuel combustion enhancing apparatus(FCEA) for ionization of intaking air into cylinder combustion chamber on the combustion performance and emissions characteristics in a 4-cylinder common-rail direct injection diesel engine. The experiments were applied to the engine at an engine speed of 1,500rpm under 20Nm, 40Nm, 60Nm and 80Nm conditions. The test results were compared to each other with or without the FCEA. In the case of the FCEA, the combustion pressure, peak combustion pressure and rate of heat release were increased slightly and the brake specific fuel consumption(BSFC) was decreased slightly when compared to that without the FCEA under all loads at an engine speed of 1,500rpm. However, in the case of the FCEA, the nitrogen oxide(NOx) were increased slightly, the carbon monoxide(CO) and particulate matter(PM) were decreased slightly when compared to that without the FCEA under all loads at an engine speed of 1,500rpm.

Diesel vehicle is regulated EURO 5 and will be apply to EURO 6 in 2014. Thus, researches have been performed to meet the strict emission regulations. We have obtained that the results of engine performance operated by lard biodiesel at various engine load and speed was slightly decreased, but brake specific energy consumption (BSEC) at using animal biodiesel below 15% was better than diesel fuels. When the mixing ratio of biodiesel increased, NOx was a slight increase. But PM and CO was a significantly reduced. Therefore, that the biodiesel of animal fats is available for eco-friendly fuel of diesel engine was confirmed.

The representative emission index and indicator are the EEDI (Energy Efficiency Design Index) for the new ships and EEOI (Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator) during the voyage. In this paper, derating of diesel main engine are introduced for the purpose of improving EEDI. The results showed good agreement explaining the characteristics properly.

최근 지구 온난화는 세계 경제발전으로 화석연료 사용이 주범으로 인식하고 있다. 이러한 화석연료를 감소하기 위한 연구는 여러 대체에너지 산업으로 발전하고 있으며, 그 중 우리나라에서 생산할 수 있는 연료는 바이오연료이다. 바이오연료는 화석연료에 의해서 발생하는 환경오염 문제를 줄이면서 경제적인 이익을 주는 지속 가능한 연료이다. 그래서 바이오연료를 친환경에너지로 전환시키는 재생에너지 등에 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 따라서 본 실험은 어선에서 사용했던 기관을 다시 리모델링하여 실험장치를 직접 제작 설치하였고, 여러 바이오연료를 사용하여 선박의 경제적이고 친환경적인 운항에 도움을 주고자 연구하였다. 유채유, 대두유, 폐유채유의 배기배출물특성에 미치는 영향을 종합적으로 분석한 결과는 연료의 물리적, 화학적 성분이 비슷하여 선박용 엔진에 사용이 가능하고, 연료소비율과 NOx는 약간 증가하였으나, 매연은 많이 감소하는 경향이 확인되었다.

The main object of this study is to investigate the collection characteristics of wet-type rotating porous disk system experimentally. The experiment is carried out to analyze the pressure drop and collection efficiency for the present system with the experimental parameters such as system inlet velocity, stage number, tube diameter, inlet concentration, etc. In results, for the present system, at 5 stage and υin=1.8 m/s, the pressure drop becomes significantly lower as 64 mmH2O in comparison with that of the conventional wet type scrubber (Venturi scrubber, over 250 mmH2O). The collection efficiencies increase with higher inlet velocity showing 92, 95.7, 98.4%, while SO2 removal efficiencies decrease with increment of inlet velocity as 80, 65, 50% at υin=1.08, 1.44, 1.8 m/s and tube diameter Dt=10 mm, respectively. The present system is to be considered as an effective compact system for a simultaneous removal of particle/gas phase pollutants from marine diesel engines.

This is a thesis about the experiment of comparison characteristic of exhaust gas in the same condition between diesel engine that is equipped turbocharger to increase effectiveness of the engine which is recently used in a lot of industry which requires high power. Resulting of the experiment turbocharger diesel engine according to response power, difference in low speed is not significant, but in high speed, effectiveness of turbocharger diesel engine is almost the same in four turbocharger. In other hand, in exhaust gas experiment, high response power turbocharger model exhausts less NOX, but it doesn’t significantly affect the result when it comes with decreasing of CO2 and effectiveness of similar power characteristic. As a result, the high response power turbocharger diesel engine is economically effective comparing with the low response power turbocharger diesel engine

Biodiesel fuel as an alternative fuel for diesel engine has a great possibility to solve the problem such as air pollution caused by exhaust gas emission of the automobile. In this study, the usability of non-esterfied biodiesel fuel as alternative fuel is investigated in an indirect injection diesel engine. New concept biodiesel fuel has no glycerin generated by esterfication process and reduces the 20% of cost because of no use of methanol in the production process. Experiments were conducted by using the four blends with different volumetric percentage of biodiesel (0, 20, 50 and 100) in baseline diesel fuel. The smoke emission of biodiesel fuel was reduced in comparison with diesel fuel, but power and brake specific energy consumption was similar to diesel fuel

Many countries of the world has been devoting a lot of effort to reduce carbon emission. In order to reduce carbon emission, the high efficiency engine has been studied in the automotive industry. Of these, the spread and research of the diesel engine in Europe center are active. However the combustion characteristic of diesel engines have disadvantages of much NOx and soot emissions. In this study, the optimum regeneration point of the forced regeneration type DPF(Diesel Particulate Filter) that was equipped in medium-duty diesel vehicles using a mechanical fuel injection system have studied. DPF that is applied to the medium-duty diesel vehicle has a bent inlet pipe. The flow distribution characteristics of DPF according to the influence of the bent pipe have investigated. The flow distribution characteristics of DPF according to variation of the engine operating condition is considered to be useful data In order to decide the optimum regeneration point.