‘만풍’은 1998년에 두부 특성이 우수한 동산 128호를 모본으로 하고 미국에서 도입된 Sprite 87을 부본으로 인공교배하였다. 1999년에 F1을 양성하고, 2000년에 F2는 집단선발을, 2001년부터 2002년까지 2년에 걸쳐 AVRDC에서 SSD (single seed descent)로 F3-F5세대를, 2002년도에는 F6세대를 계통육종법으로 선발한 YS1325-B-B-S-S-S-100계통으로 계통명은 ‘연천 1호’이다. ‘만풍’의 주요특성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 신육형은 유한 신육형이며 꽃색은 백색이고, 엽형은 난형이며, 모용색은 회백색이고, 종실 모양은 편구형이며, 제색과 종피색은 황색이고 협색은 담갈색이고 협은 성숙 후에도 잘 개열되지 않으며, 성숙기는 태광콩보다 9일 빠른 중생종이며, 100립중은 29.5 g으로 대립이다. 병 저항성은 뿌리썩음병은 강하고, 불마름병은 1이었고 콩나방은 1.5%였다. 종실의 화학적 성분은 단백질은 41.3%, 조지방은 19.3%였고, 특히 아미노산 함량은 381.2 mg/100g, 아이소플라본함량은 2,425 ㎍/g으로 태광콩보다 높았다. 가공적성은 태광콩보다 두부 수율은 230%로 높았고, 경도는 낮아 부드러웠고, 청국장의 발효 및 풍취는 우수하였다. 수량성은 대비품종인 태광콩보다 생산력검시험에서는 14% 증수 되었고, 3개년 간 실시한 지역적응시험에서 단작에서는 2.41 MT/ha으로 3% 낮았으나, 이모작 재배 시에는 2.87 MT/ha으로 12% 증수하였다.

Fish movement was blocked by Dam construction in korea, but fish of the ecosystem can be destoryed without movement of fish in the small stream or river. In this study, the water ladder type of fishway with the fish's ecological specific character is proposed. That is created similar to the real natural environment in order to overcome differences in water pressure. It consists water hydrology, bypass, viewing chamber and viewing windows. It is used IT pumping system and bypass fishway for dry season especially. 3D analysis by SAP2000 Soft Ware is essential in concrete structures for the degradation of its durability using the multi-functional fishway's advantages.

After test track was constructed in 2009, maintenance works have performed for 14 months to check the stability of station for bimodal tram. Consequently, station’s main body, infrastructure system as gate and ticket machine, passenger safety system, service information and guidance system, and operation management system have no problems except for minor problems such as main body’s acrylic products falling.

Miscanthus sacchariflorus var. No. 1 has been newly developed in Korea. This study was conducted to assess the feed value of M. sacchariflorus var. No. 1 at different growth and harvesting time. Total 3 different miscanthus - 1y4m (first shoot and harvested at 4 month), 2y4m (second shoot and harvested at 4 month) and 2y8m (second shoot and harvested at 8 month). Two experiments were carried out, In vitro rumen simulated fermentation and In situ dry matter digestibility (DMD). Ruminal pH at in vitro fermentation were higher in M. sacchariflorus var. No. 1 treatments compared to the rice straw (RS). In volatile fatty acid production, 1y4m resulted in higher acetate production than the other M. sacchariflorus var. No. 1 at higher maturity stages. Significant differences among treatments were observed in propionate and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) productions at 9, 24 and 48 h of incubation times. Higher ammonia nitrogen productions were found as increased maturity of M. sacchariflorus var. No. 1. At In situ experiment, high DMD was detected in the order of RS (60.51%) > 1y4m (57.65%) > 2y4m (57.63%) > 2y8m (46.28%). The results from this study indicate that young and early harvested M. sacchariflorus var. No. 1 are able to improve its nutrient values in the ruminant animal.

구기자 잎은 열매에 비하여 베타인 함량이 많고, nicotianamine, glutamic acid, 7종의 무기성분 등이 함유되어 있다. 또한 잎 추출물은 고지방 식이(high-fat diet)로 인한 체지방 및 혈장내 leptin 수준 증가 현상을 억제하는 것으로 밝혀졌을 뿐만 아니라 미백 활성이 우수하여 식품과 화장품의 기능성 소재로 개발될 가능성 있다. 이에 잎 생산 전용품종을 육성하기 위하여 청양구기자시험장에 보유하고 있는 유전자원 143계통에 대하여 특성검정을 실시하였다. 보유한 유전자원의 잎 길이는 평균 7.0±0.84cm, 잎 폭 2.5±0.44cm, 잎 두께 0.25±0.057mm이었고, 길이와 폭으로 산출한 엽형지수는 0.22 ∼ 0.50 범위로서 유전적 변이가 다양하였다. 변이계수는 잎 두께가 잎 길이와 폭에 비하여 높았고, 잎이 두터운 계통을 선발할 필요가 있었다. 엽면적은 길이 및 폭과 고도의 정의 상관관계를 나타내었는데 이중 잎 폭이 넓은 계통을 선발하는 것이 효율적일 것으로 사료되었다. 구기자 엽면적을 간이로 측정하기 위하여 다중회귀를 구한 결과 엽면적은 (0.28 × 잎 길이) + (3.88 × 잎 너비) - 4.13(R2 = 0.88**)로 산출될 수 있었다. 구기자 엽면적이 큰 계통으로 IT232288, IT232589, IT232620, IT232709등 4계통을 선발하였다. 지표성분인 베타인 함량은 평균 2.36±0.642%로 열매에 비하여 높은 것으로 분석되었고, 4.0% 이상인 계통으로 IT232593, IT232609, IT232615, IT232648, IT232687 등 5계통을 선발하였다. 앞으로 엽면적이 큰 계통과 베타인 함량이 높은 계통을 육종소재로 이용하여 잎이 크고 두터울 뿐만 아니라 지표성분이 높은 잎 생산 전용품종을 육성할 수 있을 것으로 사료되었다.

After test track was constructed in 2009, maintenance works have performed for 14 months to check the stability of dedicated lane. Consequently, we get to know to keep the bleaching of signs and the crack of road surface in mind for effective maintenance of the dedicated lane hereafter. And dedicated lane with natural lawn is expected to decrease the heat island effect of conventional road if constr

컨테이너 선사들은 세계경제의 불황과 고유가가 지속되고 있는 상황에서 선박운영비용을 낮추기 위한 다각적인 노력들을 전개하고 있다. 이러한 상황에서, Grand Alliance는 극동 북미서안 서비스인 CCX와 극동 북미동안 서비스인 NCE에 서비스별 선박추가 투입대신에 Dedicated Feeder 투입을 하기로 결정하였다. 즉, 기간항로의 선박이 북중국항만에 기항하지 않고 환적항인 부산항에서 Feeder선을 통하여 환적 운송하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 전용피더 서비스 도입을 통한 환적의 경제성 효과를 확인하기 위하여 Grand Alliance 컨테이너 서비스의 실제 운영 자료에 대해 분석하였다. 이와 같은 전략을 통해 Grand Alliance의 'NCE, 'CCX'항로는 기간항로에 투입되는 선박의 감속운항이 가능하게 되어 선박 운영비의 절감 효과를 보이고 있다.

This study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of locally produced organic agricultural by-products to substitute imported organic feeds for organic ruminant farming. Imported organic feeds (corn grain, soybean meal, soybean seed, oat grain, barley grain, wheat grain, buckwheat, sunflower seed meal) and byproducts (rice bran, grape seed meal, rice straw, soybean hull, soybean curd, rice hull, green kernel rice, and crushed rice grain) were analyzed for chemical composition and NDF, ADF, mineral, and amino acid contents and anti-nutritional factors. Dry matter, NDF and ADF contents in organic feeds were higher than those in conventional feeds. Especially, the 9.65% fat content of organic soybean meal was 6 times higher than the 1.95% fat content of conventional soybean meal. Fat contents of rice bran, grape seed meal, green kernel rice, and crushed rice grain were 25.66, 6.09, 3.57 and 1.59%, respectively. Protein contents of soybean hull and soybean curd were 14.68 and 19.87%, respectively, which are highest among organic by-products. Levels of aflatoxin in all feeds were below the safety level. Therefore, organic rice bran, green kernel rice and crushed rice as energy source, and soybean hull and soybean curd as protein source could partial replace imported feeds for organic ruminant farming.

As serving people's activities, pedestrian road systems are basic and necessary facilities in urban structure. To provide and utilize these pedestrian road systems in residential area would enhance urban environment as well as quality of life. For this reason, pedestrian road should be planned by consideration of people's activity in residential area. Evaluation of existing pedestrian road should be also oriented how people use it and what people do in it. This study amis to investigate functions of pedestrian road system throughout evaluation of user's satisfaction in order to improve better pedestrian road system in residential area. The purposes of this study are to analyze components of factors affecting on user's satisfaction, and to find the relationship among affecting factors. For this study, the on-site questionnaire method was applied to 267 individuals who were collected as the study areas where locate Toyogaoka and Kaidori, Japan. The collected data were clarified exploratory factors, and analyzed relationship between the factors and satisfaction by applying quantitative statistical techniques for the mapping investigation, Mann-Whitney u-test, and correlation. The results of this study are follows. The pedestrian road system is more preferred than surroundings of vehicle roads in residential district area where maintains pedestrian road as open space. In addition, satisfactions of the pedestrian road for each purpose were highly evaluated, because of conformability and convenience for usage. Consequently, the pedestrian road which is secure and greening as an open space is well carried out for the living circulation of residents. It would suggest that pedestrian road have to be managed and planned not a function of circulation but an open space system.

The altitude criteria of 'Management of Mountains District Act' and 'National Land Planning and Utilization Act' are different because the adaptive reuse permissions on mountains district by two acts have been operated individually and each criteria has some problems for application. This study aims to suggest proposals for improvements of altitude criteria by two acts. The altitude criteria of the duel legal systems were researched by literature review and inherent issues were derived by interview with public officers and GIS tools applied to cases. The results are as follows : First, duel criteria systems need to be integrated based on the format by 'Management of Mountains District Act'. Second, the criteria index(50/100) by 'Management of Mountains District Act' need to be adjusted due to the preserved area ratio in mountains district and the each definition of 'the peak point of the mountain' and 'the tail of the mountain' can be changed as 'the highest point within the same slope(including ridge)' and as 'the average of the highest and the lowest point on boundary between the mountain district and the other land use district'. Third, the method of slope division may be determined by the conditions of local areas and the discrepancy between the two slopes in common boundaries must be adjusted. Finally, the maps containing preservation areas and development areas need to be notified.

본 연구에서는 현재 신교통 수단으로 연구 중인 바이모달 트램의 전용 교량을 개발하는데 있어 바이모달 트램 운행 특성을 고려한 실물크기의 중공화된 프리캐스트 바닥판을 새롭게 설계․제작하여, 신뢰성 있는 비선형 유한요소해석 프로그램(RCAHEST)을 통한 해석 결과와의 비교․분석을 바탕으로 적합성과 타당성을 검증하였다. 하중 재하 위치를 변수로 실험을 수행하여 설계 하중에 비하여 약 8∼9배의 충분한 안전율을 확보하고 있음을 확인하였으며, 본 연구에서 적용한 재료적 비선형성을 고려한 비선형 유한요소해석 프로그램을 통한 해석 결과 역시 콘크리트의 균열 발생 및 철근의 항복을 포함한 파괴시까지의 극한 거동 특성을 비교적 적절히 평가하고 있음을 알 수 있다.

As a pre-step research to make land-use planning in the region level, this study aims to analyze some probability pattern representing transition probabilities from farmland to others using the sequential detailed digital land-use maps. Kinki and Chubu regions of Japan, which have Osaka and Nagoya cities as their center places respectively, were selected as test regions in this study. The 10m grid land-use maps for four time series at every 5 year from 1977 to 1992 were used. In this study, the regions were divided into three sub-areas 10km, 20km, and 30km according to distance from center cities, respectively. The correlation coefficient (CC) between sub-areas with same distance in the two regions was calculated to analyze whether or not the two regions have common points in the pattern of land-use conversion probability from farmland to other types. The probability distribution of the converted areas which were moved to the urbanized area (residential, commercial, industrial, road, park and public facility areas) was about 40~70% for both all periods and sub-areas. According to distance from city centers, the probability moved to the urbanized area was about 60% at 10km area, and 40% at the 30km area, which means that the values we decreased gradually, while in the case moved to the forest and the etc areas, the values were increased slightly. The CC analysis from the paddy field and the dry field to the others separately showed that there is high correlation in the probability pattern between the two regions.

In this paper, we compare and analyze the current state of the productivity of the stevedoring work among several container terminals in 1999. Based on these results of analysis, we firstly classify several factors which impede the efficient operations of container terminal as follows ; late arrival of container beyond cargo closing time(CCT), change of port of destination, change of vessel, and return cargo. Such factors are major cause for the cargo rehandling on terminals, thus deteriorate the overall performance of transfer crane during the stevedoring work. In order to improve the productivity of container terminal, we suggest that it is necessary for establishing and operating the efficient logistics management system. Especially, we emphasize the importance of information exchange on the scheduled cargoes among the relevant parties such as shippers, shipping companies, and terminal operators, which is the most effective way to alleviate the cargo rehandling.