The object of this study is concerned about the optimal design of the supporting frame in a twist screen. Twist screen is widely used for grading and screening materials in the fields such as coal-selecting, mining-selecting, building materials, electrical power and chemical industry, etc. It is composed of base, supporting frame, vibrator, screen, spring, trough, clamp and etc. Especially, supporting frame in twist screen are stressed by high load, mostly it is shock-type loads. Nevertheless, design of base is dependent on experience, and it will cause reliability reduction and cost increase. The supporting plate is composed by the upper plate, the bracket and etc. This research purpose is to propose and verify a method to achieve higher product quality, lower costs, and far less physical testing. In this study, design parameters used for optimization are the upper plate thickness(8㎜, 10㎜, 12㎜) and the bracket thickness(8㎜, 10㎜, 12㎜) in the supporting frame. The result showed that base weight reduced to maximum 25.8% when compared with the current twist screen.

Among the various parts of automobile, automotive seat is the most fundamental item that ride comfort can be evaluated as the part contacted at human body. Dynamic stabilities on 3 kinds of models are analysed according to inside beam configuration of rear seat frame in this study. Model 1 has the basic design of straight beam. Model 2 has the beam that is curved slightly from model 1 configuration and model 3 has honeycomb structure. Total deformations and equivalent stresses are investigated when these models are crushed at side. Total deformations due to frequencies are also obtained and critical frequencies on these frequency responses are investigated. By comparing total deformation configurations of model 1,2 and 3, model 1 and 2 apply the damage to passengers but model 3 absorbs the damage. Model 1, 2 and 3 show total deformations of 482.7, 178.9 and 151.62 mm at the critical frequencies of 180, 200 and 150Hz respectively. Because model 3 does not apply the damage to passengers and the total deformation at critical frequency becomes minimum among three models on frequency response, this model becomes most stable among 3 kinds of models when crushed at side.

This study is on the seismic response of new buckling-restrained braced frames(BRBFs) with superelastic SMA bracing system. The superelastic SMA materials can return to undeformed shape without additional heat treatments only after removal of applied loads. 6-story braced frame buildings were designed in accordance with the current design specifications in order to verify the performance of such bracing systems. Based on the anlysis results, Superelastic SMA bracing systems were also compared to those with conventional steel bracing system. And at last, analysis results show that the superelastic SMA bracing systems are very effective to reduce the residual inter-story drifts.

This article aims to explore the interactive roles of types of primed identity (local versus global identity) and types of ad framing on brand evaluations. The authors designed 2 experiments in which each experiment followed a 2×2 between-subject design. The empirical results showed that a gain-framed ad induced more positive emotional responses than a loss-framed ad, and the positive affective responses lead to more favorable brand evaluation. Furthermore, the results showed that there were interactive effects of primed identity and types of advertisement frame on brand evaluation. In the additional analysis, the results showed that when people with local identity were exposed to the gain-framed ad, they would engage in a higher level of integration processing than those in the control group, which in turn induced more favorable evaluation to the local brand. That is, the integration processing mode played a mediating role between the interaction (local id priming × ad frame) and the local brand evaluation. However, in the case of global brand evaluation, the integration processing mode did not play such a mediating role.

This study investigated characteristics of buckling load and effective buckling length by member rigidity of dome-typed space frame which was sensitive to initial conditions. A critical point and a buckling load were computed by analyzing the eigenvalues and determinants of the tangential stiffness matrix. The hexagonal pyramid model and star dome were selected for the case study in order to examine the nodal buckling and member buckling in accordance with member rigidity. From the numerical results, an effective buckling length factor of adopted models was bigger than that of Euler buckling for the case of fixed boundary. These numerical models indicated that the influence of nodal buckling was greater than that of member buckling as member rigidity was higher. Besides, there was a tendency that the bifurcation appeared on the equilibrium path before limit point in the member buckling model.

The recent trend in the war fields on the globe may be characterized by the network-centric warfare, which would, in turn, make the concept of weapon systems be changed. To this end, the concept of system of systems (SoS) has been introduced in literature. An SoS is a collection of multiple systems, each of which is an independent system and can be interoperable with each other. Thus, in defense domain each SoS is a big weapon system as a whole operated in actual environment and each element of it is also an independent smaller weapon system, but they should be interoperable via network among each other. The safety results studied for each elementary system alone may not be fully applicable to the whole SoS. As such, the objective of this paper is to study how to make the SoS safety requirements be distributed down over the interoperable elementary systems. Since handling the interoperability requires a technique of systems architecture, a standard method called the DoD Architectural Framework (DoDAF) has been used here to derive a solution. Using DoDAF, the safety requirements were first analyzed in the operability environment. The results were then studied to be included in an integrated model of both the systems design and safety processes. A further study of present paper would facilitate ensuring safety in the development of SoS weapon systems in practice.

We don't have time to waste, time is running, and the global warming is an issue that concerns to all of us. Information technology, which on a global level is responsible for 2% of emission of greenhouse gases. However, the remaining 98% is seen as an opportunity for IT to help our planet, our companies and our society. The purpose of this paper is to analyze green information technology (IT) initiatives and their strategic impact. And to have done this, we develope and create a very useful balanced-scorecard framework to explain, understand, and identify the direct and indirect contribution of green IT initiatives. The green IT evaluation framework, called here a sustainable green IT balanced scorecard, integrates the four BSC-IT perspectives with the Zuboff's automate/informate goals of information systems and the contribution of the sustainability (economic, social and environment). This study also seeks to answer the following questions: 1) what are the driving forces for implementing green IT initiatives? 2) How can an analytical framework be built to systematically analyze the benefits and strategic contribution of green IT initiatives? And 3) how green IT initiatives impact the strategic goals of a firm and how they can contribute to the triple bottom line? The framework demonstrates to be useful as a management tool to hopefully integrate environmental and social management with the general management of a company. Besides, the strategy map and measures for each cell of the framework are provided.

The researches related to active control systems utilizing superelastic shape memory alloys (SMA) have been recently conducted to reduce critical damage due to lateral deformation after severe earthquakes. Although Superelastic SMAs undergo considerable inelastic deformation, they can return to original conditions without heat treatment only after stress removal. We can expect the mitigation of residual deformation owing to inherent recentering characteristics when these smart materials are installed at the part where large deformation is likely to occur. Therefore, the primary purpose of this research is to develop concentrically braced frames (CBFs) with superelastic SMA bracing systems and to evaluate the seismic performance of such frame structures. In order to investigate the inter-story drift response of CBF structures, 3- and 6-story buildings were design according to current design specifications, and then nonlinear time-history analyses were performed on numerical 2D frame models. Based on the numerical analysis results, it can be comparatively verified that the CBFs with superelastic SMA bracing systems have more structural advantages in terms of energy dissipation and recentering behavior than those with conventional steel bracing systems.

디지털 기술의 급속한 발전으로 시간과 공간의 제약이 없는 인프라 환경이 구현되 면서 더욱 더 유연하고 빠른 적응성에 대한 요구가 정치, 경제, 문화 전반에 확산됨에 따라 IT 기술을 통해서 이러한 요구를 충족시킬 수 있는 서비스로 대두되고 있는 것 이 바로 클라우드 서비스이다. 이러한 클라우드 서비스 시대의 개막은 관련 기업뿐만 아니라 공공기관, 개인에 이르기까지 모든 영역의 서비스 이용자들의 삶에도 큰 변화 를 가져오고 있다. 본 연구에서는 더욱 더 사회적 이슈가 되고 있는 고령화 사회에 대 응하기 위한 클라우드 서비스 비즈니즈 모델을 개발하기 위한 프레임워크를 제안하고 자 한다. 이를 위하여 고령화 사회를 정의하고 변화를 분석하고 클라우드 산업 비즈니 스 모델 구성요소를 찾기 위한 시장 다이나믹스 분석을 통해 클라우드 비즈니스 모델 에 영향을 주는 시니어 마켓 변화 동인을 확인하고 시니어 마켓을 활성화하기 위해 고령층의 니즈를 분류한다. 그리고 고객니즈 변화 분석과 가치사슬분석을 하여 나온 고객니즈와 제공하는 기능을 축으로 비즈니스 모델을 설계한다. 또한 시니어 마켓 변 화 동인에 따른 환경변화 속에서 성장을 지속 가능하게 하는 비즈니스 모델 진화를 분석한다. 마지막으로 변화하는 비즈니스 모델을 평가하기 위한 프레임워크를 제시하 여 기업 상황에 맞는 비즈니스 모델을 선택하는데 도움을 두고자 한다.

기하학적 비선형성을 고려한 두 개의 비선형 프레임요소의 co-rotational 정식화 과정을 제시한다. 운동학적으로 엄밀한 첫 번째 프레임요소는 변형된 상태의 총 변형성분으로부터 부재력을 산정하며, 정확한 접선강성행렬을 적용한다. 아울러 total Lagrangian 및 updated Lagrangian 정식화에 따른 첫 번째 요소의 엄밀한 접선강성행렬이 동일하다는 것을 보인다. 이에 반하여 두 번째 프레임요소는 절점과 절점사이의 변형을 무시하고 직선으로 가정하여 근사적인 접선강성행렬을 산정 하고, 반복계산 시 증분변위로 부터 증분부재력을 구하여 총부재력을 산정한다. 두 개의 수치예제를 통해 첫 번째 프레임 요소가 기하비선형 거동을 추적하는데 있어서 더 정확하고 성능이 우수하다는 것을 입증한다. 특히 케이블부재의 비선형해 석 예제를 통하여 첫 번째 프레임요소가 휨강성을 고려한 케이블요소로 사용할 수 있음을 보인다.

This study analyzes lifes and damages at two automotive grills in use through the structural analyses with fatigue. As maximum equivalent stress in case of aftermarket grill frame becomes smaller more 15 times than horizontal grill frame, aftermarket grill is shown to be more stable. The lowest damage becomes 2968 in case of ‘SAE bracket history’ with the severest change of load at aftermarket grill. As it becomes smaller more 5 times than horizontal grill frame, aftermarket grill has more durability. Among the cases of nonuniform fatigue loads, ‘Sample history’ with the slowest change of load becomes most unstable in case of horizontal grill frame but ‘SAE bracket history’ with the severest change of load becomes most stable in case of aftermarket grill frame. The structural result of this study can be effectively utilized with the design of automotive grill frame by investigating prevention and durability against its damage.

A kart is a vehicle without the suspension system and the differential gear. The kart frame as an elastic body plays the role of a spring. By the cornering of a kart, rolling, pitching and twisting motions are induced in the kart frame. Also the slip or noncontact of the wheel and a permanent deformation of the kart frame can be induced. In order to examine closely this phenomenon of the twisting deformation, measurement and analysis on torsion working stress with strain gage and tracking system are needed. According to the measurement result, while steady state driving in a curve in general the torsion working stress of the kart frame will be increased depending on the vehicle velocity, but the kart frame will be not permanent deformed. However, analysis of the torsion working stress in comparison with torsion fatigue limit shows that while unsteady state driving as clash with same drive condition the racing kart frame will be deformed more quickly as the leisure kart frame.

In commercial vehicle, sub-frame which equipped in main frame supporting dump deck and oil tanker. This is the main structure for all equipment which including joint function. Sub-frame is made by welding process, this susceptible to deform and crack by its longitudinal size. Also various kind of sub-frame make it difficult to standardization in manufacturing process and exclusive jig is not adapted yet. Frame size is over 6~8m and weight is more than 300kg this make re-work more difficult. If manufacturing company made precise sub-frame, this is not only convenient for customers but also save the company money by reducing the working time. In this study manufacture the sub-frame be suitable for its main function and develop exclusive welding jig for obtain checking fixture function as well.

The appearance and evolution of SaaS over the recent years is potentially one of the major advances in information technology. However, if SaaS is to achieve its potential, there needs to be a clear identification and understanding of the various issues involved, both from the perspectives of the providers and the consumers of SaaS technology. While a lot of studies are currently taking place in the technology itself, there is an equally urgent need for understanding and researching the business-related issues surrounding SaaS service. As more and more individuals and companies use the SaaS service, their concerns are beginning to grow about just how safe and reliable an environment it is. For successful implementation of SaaS service, it is necessary to establish the certification systems to ensure safety and reliability of SaaS. This paper provides the safe and reliable framework for systematic SaaS certification systems. In order to develop it, the critical issues related to service quality and certification of SaaS service are identified and the systematic framework for certification systems of SaaS service and service provider domains are developed. A evaluation methodology for the developed certification systems is also proposed.

비정형 초고층건물을 위한 구조시스템 중에서 다이어그리드 구조시스템은 구조적인 효율성 및 조형성 때문에 널리 사용되고 있다. 근래에는 초고층건물을 위한 구조시스템으로 메가부재의 조합을 통하여 횡방향 강성을 효과적으로 발휘할 수 있는 메가프레임 시스템이 널리 사용되고 있다. 두 가지 구조시스템의 장점을 혼합한 다이어그리드 메가프레임 구조시스템은 미래형 초고층건물에 적용될 유망한 구조시스템으로 평가받고 있다. 그러나 이러한 다이어그리드 메가프레임 구조시스템을 적용한 건물의 거동을 예측하기 위해서는 매우 많은 수의 절점과 요소로 이루어진 유한요소 모델을 해석해야 하므로 상당한 양의 해석시간과 엔지니어의 노력이 필요하게 된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 다이어그리드 메가프레임시스템을 적용한 초고층건물의 거동을 효율적으로 해석할 수 있는 기법을 제안하여 다이어그리드 메가프레임 초고층건물의 해석과 설계에 소요되는 시간과 노력을 줄이고자 한다. 이를 위하여 다이어그리드 메가프레임의 특정을 활용한 효율적인 모형화기법과 행렬응축기법을 사용하여 해석에 사용되는 자유도수를 최소화한 해석기법을 제안하였다. 예제구조물의 해석을 수행하여 본 연구에서 제안된 해석방법과 일반적인 해석방법에 의한 결과와 비교함으로써 제안된 방법의 효율성과 정확성을 검증하였다.