본 연구의 목적은 은유분석 방법을 활용하여 정치교육과 관련한 학교 교육과정의 교과 및 비교과 학습 과정에서 형성된 학생들의 경험적 인식과 욕구가 어떠하며, 학교에서의 정치교육이 그 목표와 가치를 충 분히 실현하고 있는가를 확인하는 것에 있다. 이를 통해 학교 정치교육의 방향을 재고하고, 학생들의 특성 과 눈높이에 맞는 정치교육 교수 설계와 프로그램 개발을 위한 기초자료를 마련하고자 한다. 분석 결과 학교 정치교육에 대한 인식은 ‘일상’, ‘장벽’, ‘겉핥기’, ‘제도’의 네 가지의 범주로 도출되었다. 각 범주는 각각 2개의 주제어를 포함하고 있는데, 먼저 ‘삶’과 ‘상식’은 정치교육을 당연한 ‘일상’으로 받아들인다는 것을 의미하며 긍정적 인식이 다수 포함되었다. 둘째, ‘장벽’이라는 인식은 관련 교과의 내용적 요소에 대 한 ‘어려움’과 ‘중립’의 문제로 인해 원활한 교육이 이루어지지 않았다는 부정적인 인식을 의미한다. 셋째, ‘겉핥기’ 범주는 ‘허울’과 ‘허상’이라는 부정적 의미의 주제를 담고 있는데, 이는 현재 삶에 영향을 줄 만큼 배운 내용이 기억에 남아있지 않아 실속이 없거나 교과서 속의 이상적인 정치와 실제 현실의 정치가 매우 다르다고 느끼는 것을 의미한다. 마지막으로 ‘제도’로 바라 본 관점은 정치교육을 입시와 학업성취의 수단 적 ‘도구’로 바라보는 관점과 정치교육이 실제적 지혜를 쌓는 접근이라기보다 역사적 사실에 대한 개념적 지식 전달에 그치는 암기 위주의 개론 학습이라고 ‘형식’적으로 받아들였다는 것을 의미한다. 이러한 결과 를 바탕으로 하여 교육적, 정책적 시사점을 제시하였다.

This research aims to analyse consumers’ (Millennials and Gen Z) luxury consumption behaviour by focusing on the intrinsic and extrinsic motivations that drive consumption of luxury goods. Then, the study investigates whether they prefer to purchase offline or online for luxury goods. Lastly, it analyses which media most influences individuals when it comes to luxury consumption. An online survey is developed and distributed to Millennials and Gen Z. A first round of data collection took place in 2022 and a second round of data collection will take place at the beginning of 2024. Initial findings show that consumers are driven by intrinsic rather than extrinsic motivations when purchasing and who influences more when buying luxury online. Furthermore, it emerges that consumers prefer to shop offline, highlighting the importance of physical stores.

The study investigated the influence of website features on the purchase intention of online fashion among Generation Z consumers in South Africa. This topic has received increasing attention against the backdrop of the rapidly growing ‘Digital Generation’, or ‘Millennial consumers’, who are one of the most tech-savvy generations. Despite the benefits that online shopping offers to both the business and the consumer, the act of buying clothes online has presented some challenges to customers. This study therefore aims to gather further insight in an attempt to provide fashion businesses with guidance to better succeed in encouraging customers to shop online. This study selected two visual elements (website aesthetics and product presentation) and two functional website features (website navigation, and security and privacy) and social norms, the test the effect they have on perceived ease of use, attitude and intention to purchase clothing online. The proposed conceptual model tested seven hypotheses of which four were supported. By means of an empirical study, 166 online surveys were collected from individuals within the Generation Z cohort and the analysis was done using SPSS27 by running multiple regression analysis to test the relationships between the variables. The results from this study provide global and local fashion brands with valuable insight into the consumption habits of young consumers in an emerging economy, and factors that drive online fashion consumption.

The Euonymus defoliator moth, Pryeria sinica Moore (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae), is a pest that causes considerable damage to the Euonymus genus, especially Euonymus alatus and Euonymus japonicus. The biological characteristics of P. sinica have been studied in China, Japan, Taiwan, and the United States, but there has been no research conducted on this species in Korea. Also, P. sinica has two dormant phases in each generation, one as eggs in winter and the other as pupae in summer. Our purposes are to study the biological characteristics of Korean populations of P. sinica and to examine the effects of temperature and photoperiod on summer diapause. The biological characteristics were investigated in laboratory conditions (25 ± 1 ℃, 65 ± 1% R.H., 16L:8D) and the number of eggs in an egg mass, developmental periods and mortality rate in each larvae stage, and adults’ life span were determined. The results showed that 190.7 ± 31.64 eggs were contained in one egg mass and it took 25.57 ± 0.61 days from 1st larval stage to the pre-pupal stage. P. sinica has 4 larval stages and each stage took 4.28 ± 0.21, 6.2 ± 0.55, 6.02 ± 0.68, and 8.93 ± 0.88 days. The mortality rate of larvae peaked at 22.5% in 3rd larval stage. The adults’ life span was 4.67 ± 0.97 days in males and 4.61 ± 1.82 days in females. To study summer diapause, we divided pupae into 4 groups. Both low temperature and short daytime were effective in shortening the pupal stage. The pupal stage was the shortest in group D (122.12 ± 1.24 days), in which the initial condition was 25 ℃-16L:8D and the altered condition was 16 ℃ -12L:12D, and the longest in group A (161.92 ± 3.15 days, 25 ℃-16L:8D). These data could be utilized to propose the optimal timing for controlling the population of P. sinica.

In the merger-driven galaxy evolution scenario, dust-obscured quasars are considered to be an intermediate population between merger-driven star-forming galaxies and unobscured quasars; however, this scenario is still controversial. To verify this, it is necessary to investigate whether dust-obscured quasars have higher Eddington ratio (λEdd) values than those of unobscured quasars, as expected in the merger-driven galaxy evolution scenario. In this study, we derive black hole (BH) masses of 10 dust-obscured quasars at z ∼ 2, during the peak period of star-formation and BH growth in the Universe, using a newly derived mid-infrared (MIR) continuum luminosity (LMIR)-based estimator that is highly resistant to dust extinction. Then, we compare the λEdd values of these dust-obscured quasars to those of unobscured type-1 quasars at similar redshifts. We find that the measured log (λEdd) values of the dust-obscured quasars, −0.06 ± 0.10, are significantly higher than those of the unobscured quasars, −0.86 ± 0.01. This result remains consistent across the redshift range from 1.5 to 2.5. Our results show that the dust-obscured quasars are at their maximal growth, consistent with the expectation from the merger-driven galaxy evolution scenario at the epoch quasar activities were most prominent in the cosmic history.

In this study, the displacement dependence, strength, and energy dissipation capacity of the steel rod damper were evaluated. The test variables are the number of steel rod dampers and the lateral deformation prevention details. From test results, it was evaluated that the displacement dependence conditions in the structural design code were satisfied. The maximum strength and energy dissipation capacity increased linearly as the number of steel rod increased. In addition, the maximum strength and energy dissipation capacity were evaluated by more than 20 times increased by using of the lateral deformation prevention details.

Fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a polyphagous agricultural pest that damages about 80 species of plants. It mainly damages Poaceae and plants used as food resources for humans. Its original habitat is the American continent, but it unintentionally settled in tropical and subtropical Asia, including Africa, India, and Sri Lanka. It occurs every year even in southern China, which is geographically adjacent to the Korean Peninsula, causing damage to crops. In Korea, it was first discovered on Jeju Island in June 2019 and is being discovered every year in Jeju and some inland areas. In 2023, there were a total of 13 discoveries, including those in the Jeju and Jeonbuk regions. Quarantine agency identified the maternal genotypes of all currently discovered individuals using COI and identified differences in genetic traits between individuals using the sex-related Z-chromosome. For comparison with the information on the individuals that invaded the country, 15 individuals from Guangxi and Guangdong provinces in China were collected and secured. Through the analysis of overseas samples, a database has been added to compare genetic information with domestic invasive species, and the reliability of the analysis is expected to increase.