K-콘텐츠의 성장을 단지 문화적 현상 및 경제적 효과라는 측면으로 국한할 수 있을까. K-콘텐츠에 대한 세계적 파급력은 분명 대외적 관 계 및 경제성과를 넘어 공동체에 특정한 영향력을 미치고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 대중문화 콘텐츠의 사회자본 가치에 관하여 고찰하였다. 본 논문에서는 대중문화 콘텐츠는 과연 사회자본 가치 형성에 기여하 고 있는 것인지에 관하여 분석하였다. 본고는 사회자본에 관한 이론적 고찰을 통해 대중문화 콘텐츠 중 방탄소년단(BTS)의 활동을 통해 사회 자본 가치를 신뢰, 규범 및 가치, 네트워크라는 3개 요소로 분석하였 다.

2021년 넷플릭스 오리지널 시리즈로 전세계에서 동시 공개되었던 <오징어 게임>은 2021년에 전세계적으 로 가장 유명한 영상콘텐츠가 되었다고 해도 과언이 아닐 정도의 성공을 거두고 있다. 이 작품의 성공이 흥미로운 점은 단순히 일회성이라고 하기엔 지금까지의 한국 대중문화의 역량이 폭발하고 있다는 점을 확인할 수 있는 의미 있는 성과이기 때문이다. 이 논문에서는 이러한 성과를 분석하기 위하여 작품분석 및 흥행과 파급력에 대한 분석을 하고 있다. 특히 작품에 등장하는 주인공들을 통해 노동환경, 탈북자, 이주노동자, 빈곤 등의 사회 문제를 보여주면서 한국의 양극화된 사회 현실을 스토리텔링에 잘 반영하고 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 기존 서구권에서 자본이 많이 투입된 영상콘텐츠에서 흔히 보이는 천편일률적인 해피엔딩이나 현실과 유리된 영웅 서사가 아니라는 점을 주목해야 한다. 그리고 현재 제작되 고 있는 영상콘텐츠들의 사례를 통해 한국 대중문화의 위상과 질적 변화를 확인할 수 있다.

상하이는 국제도시로 세계의 다양한 지식과 정보가 모이는 곳이었기 때문에 중국 그 어느 도시보다 지식인들이 집결하는 도시로 성장하였다. 상하이의 진보적 지식인은 국제정세 속에 서 중국이 처한 상황을 깨닫게 되었고, 서구 열강의 침략에 맞서기 위해 자연스럽게 상무정 신을 고취하였다. 많은 지식인은 중국 역사와 민간의 전통 속에서 협객을 발굴하였으며 그들 의 상무정신을 찬양하였다. 한편, 상하이는 노동 이주민의 도시였다. 세계대전 후 서구의 자 본이 상하이에 몰리게 되면서 국제도시 상하이는 중국 최대의 상공업도시로 성장하게 된다. 이에 상하이에는 다양한 국가, 인종, 지역민이 모여들었다. 이주민들은 그들의 생존과 이익을 위해 업종별, 출신 지역별로 다양한 조직을 결성하였고, 이들 조직은 조직의 결속을 위해 민 간의 협의정신을 적극 수용하였다. 결론적으로 근대시기 상하이에는 위로는 상류층 지식인의 엘리트문화에서 아래로는 하층 노동자들의 하위문화에 이르기까지 모두가 협의정신을 찬양하는 문화가 형성되었다. 이는 근대시기 상하이가 지식과 지식인, 자본과 노동자를 끌어들이는 동북아해역의 인문네트워크 중심도시로 성장한 것과 밀접한 관련이 있는 것이었다. 그리고 이것이 1920-30년대 상하이에 협의서사가 흥성하게 된 주요배경이 되었다.

수사학은 훌륭한 말에 관한 재주이거나 학문이다. 어느 경우에나 수사학을 활용하는 목적은 말과 행동 등으로 남을 이해시키고 설득시키기 위한 것인데 연설뿐만 아니라 연극과 같은 각종 매체에서도 자주 쓰인다. 본고가 수사학적 각도로 탐구하려는 중국가수 薛之谦(설지겸)의 노래 <演员>(연기자)은 출시된 지 몇 년이 흘렀지만 아직도 많은 중국인들과 외국인들의 뇌리 속에 남아있는데 과연 어떤 요인들로 인하여 청자들과 깊은 공감대를 형성했는지에 대해 착상, 배열, 표현, 발표 등 서양 수사학 방법론을 적용하여 분석한다. 국내에서 중국 가수의 노래에 대해 수사학적으로 분석한 논문은 현재 전무한데 새로운 분석틀을 적용하여 현대중국 대중문화의 트렌드에 대한 체계적인 탐구를 시도하였다.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the meaning of soul fashion in American pop culture. This study was conducted using a literature research method based on the prior theses, journals and relevant books. Soul as a concept, originated in African-American communities and evolved from the ideology of Black Power, which prompted Black Nationalism. Soul fashion, which took on two styles in African American culture began to embody black resistance and community pride in the late 20th century. One of these, hip-hop style represented the message of resistance and a sense of beauty outside the mainstream. The other, African–inspired fashion, which utilized a look inspired by African tradition, rejected white supremacy by expressing a proud dignity. As a result, the meaning of “soul” in soul fashion represented by American pop culture resulted in contrasting appearance due to different elements. First, one of its meanings is ironic and sarcastic, and it expressed historical trauma, cultural stereotypes, self-hatred, and self-degradation and, the self-mutilation of African-American by cynically distorting their silhouettes and, using modified materials and patterns, fantastic colors, and extraordinary accessories. Second, the other meanings is the pride and dignity of Black Power, which visualized the concentration of ideas implied by the tradition of African-American, through soul fashion by using fierce traditional of African costumes, unique patterns and accessories.

A new type of women started to appear in Germany during 1920-1930s and unlike his previous work, Klee began to create works, which related to this new type of modern woman. This paper is a study of Klee’s image of New women in the 1920-1930s, and reflects on Klee’s professional achievements and his perception of these times, based on their social background, which was reflected on the shapes of the ‘New women’ that he portrayed. The labor power shortage that resulted in the aftermath of the First World War provided women with employment opportunities and they were therefore able to actively contribute to the economy. Klee recognized the fact that the female gender role that had been limited to being a wife and mother at home, changed drastically as women participated more in politics and social activities. This was illustrated by the diverse images and activities of contemporary women in the performing arts, and portrayed in magazines, newspapers, and film. The liberation of bodies was expressed through dance or gymnastics and the social atmosphere of the time promoted the performances of modern female dancers. Consequently, there was a significant increase in the number of new women who enjoyed dancing and this led to the production of a large number of dance studios and professional dancers. Klee’s images of dancing women shown in his works at the beginning of the 1920s were formed using mysterious and erotic shapes and vibrant lines. However, towards the end of the decade, expressionistic and dark black lines were more prevalent in his dance related works. Clearly repeating straight lines and curves produced geometric and pictorial structures, which expressed perfectly the dynamic motions of dancing women. The 1920s in particular can be said to have been an innovative period of expressionistic dances, and dancers expressed the inner world of human emotions through free movements. The leaping dancers produced by Klee could also be connected to the gymnastics performed at the Bauhaus. At that time, gymnastics was seen as a link between pop culture and the practice of high class art. Overwhelmingly, many participants in gymnastics were women who embraced pop culture and saw themselves as being popular modern women. During the late 1920s, Klee focused on jumping and shifting shapes while concentrating on the creation of geometric abstraction, which meant that the geometrically simplified shapes lost their concreteness and comprised of crosses of planes. Therefore, the gymnastic rhythms that appeared in Klee’s works emphasized movements based on the geometric body shapes, which were connected to an observance of the participants in physical activities.

This writing aims to observe Korean art through keywords such as culture, art and the everydayness and its relationship with mass culture, Korean art after the 1990s and its daily world. It was during the latter part of the 1980s that the Korean society entered mass society. The Asian Games of 1986 and the Seoul Olympic Games of 1988 accelerated the internationalization of Korean society and the local political scene was approaching the political democratization through the 6ㆍ29 Declaration of 1987. Outside Korea, the Soviet Union, which represented the communism block of the world, collapsed, leading to the dismantling of the ideological confrontation between communism and capitalism. The Western postmodernism also made its way to Korea affecting the social ambience and allowing various values to coexist beyond the ideological opposition of the left and the right. The reason why I intend to take the correlation between mass culture and Korean art as the main point of Korean art after the 1990s, is that the quotidian aspect began to be reflected in art due to the emergence of mass culture and the subsequent expansion of art into daily life. This thesis examines how the mass culture and daily element is rendered in Korean art after the 1990s through three categorical points of discussion: Text/comprehension that acts as a sign, Reciprocity/relationship that involves the active intervention of the audience, and Commonness (popular vein)/anti-elitism that reflects the mass sentiment. I paid attention to what happens on the surface of society and its certain regular signs, desires and the fixed ideas in the consumption of text/comprehension, the transgressing between art and life through the process of representation by sharing it with the other, and finally, how art tries to reveal mass sentiment or show a critical consciousness of art that is considered vacant because of its utilization of discarded materials once produced by modern society in commonness (popular vein)/anti-elitism. Such tendency disintegrates the classical norm of art that divides art and life and reflects the alienated quotidian life, ultimately making us re-think our conventional ideas and modes of action. This writing is an attempt to discern the point of change in the development of the Korean contemporary art.

The inauguration of the collective Reality and Utterance (Hyŏnsil kwa Parŏn) in 1979 and 1980 marked a watershed moment in Korean art. This is not only be-cause the collective gave birth to the politically-engaged art movement that would come to be labeled “Minjung Art” by the middle of the 80s, but also because it enthusiastically embraced a wide range of images from the urban culture. With a special focus on the members’ early work, my research explores an issue largely neglected in the dominant narrative of Minjung art as a form of activism against the authoritarian Korean government during the 80s. The issue is what was at stake in Reality and Utterance’s exploration of contemporary urban visual culture. The aim of this essay is to recognize the engagement with the urban visual culture as central to the group’s early project and to consider it at some distance from the anti-urban and anti-mass culture perspective which was endorsed by the Minjung narrative. Focusing on members’ turn to urban visual culture, this essay instead argues that this turn was by no means merely a means to making art as social cri-tique, but more importantly, it was an experiment with the shared image world, as opposed to the rarefid visual vocabularies of abstract modernism. Visual produc-tions such as advertisements, billboards, posters, and kitsch paintings, which come from outside the narrow confins of fin art, were definitly ominous signs of the colonization of everyday life in the capitalist city, but at the same time they were an-ticipated to be a catalyst for redefiningKorean art in a more communicative, acces-sible, and democratized way. In this regard, in the early 1980s—in particular 1980 and 1982—the members’ gesture oscillated between critique and embrace, which allowed the group to occupy a unique domain in the realm of Korean art production.

이 논문의 목적은 UCC 대중문화의 성공적 요인의 기반을 마련하고 있는 현상들을 살펴보 고, 특히 인터넷을 통한 동영상 UCC 콘텐츠의 확산에 따른 대중문화의 새로운 역할을 하고 있는 상황들을 분석하고 발전 방향을 모색하고자 하는데 있다. 이를 위해 대중문화의 새로 운 장르로 발전되고 있는 UCC 문화형성 요인과 사례들을 살펴보고자 한다. 이와 더불어 다 양한 UCC 콘텐츠가 대중문화로 확산되고 있는 상황에서 나타나고 있는 현상들을 점검해 보고, 우리의 사회문화적 맥락 속에서 어떠한 방향을 제시 할 수 있을지 논의해 보고자 한다.

The article is to describe the recent phenomena in the area of American culture and religion such as multiculturalism, popular religion, and civil religion. It is also to evaluate those phenomena from the viewpoint of a missiological perspective. Multiculturalism is defined as all kinds of activities which try to support the various cultures and heritages of ethnic people groups and to overcome ethnocentrism. It is criticized by the conservatives as a political theory which tends to lose its truth, universality, and objectivity. From the missiological point of view, it can be used for developing the multicultural strategies for Christian missions. Popular religion exists outside the official religious institutions and it is related to the folk beliefs such as dream, charisma, trans meditation, channeling, angels, faith healing, and etc. It is criticized by Neoorthodox theologians that it tends to neglect the historical and political aspects of the social phenomena. Even though it is criticized by them as syncretism, it can be helpful for Christian missions to understand people's popular lives. Civil Religion is to respect the virtues and values of American citizens which are traced to Christian values such as temperance, private assets, individual responsibility, and patriotism. It is criticized as an ecumenical Protestant tribalism which tends to be misused by the imperialistic expansionism to destroy the cultures of minority. From the perspective of Christian missions, it should transform its selfishness into the world brotherhood in the 21 st century of the universal and multicultural world.

본 연구는 일반 가정 초등학교 아동들의 다문화 가정 아동에 대한 편견적 인식을 해소하기 위해서 일반 가정 아동들의 다문화가정 아동들에 대한 사회적 거리감에 영향을 미치는 요인을 확인하려는 목적으로 수행되었다. 경기도 수도권 지역의 초등학교 3~5학년 재학생 364명을 대상으로 조사결과를 분석하였으며, 모두 일반 가정의 아동들이다. 연구결과, 아동의 다문화 대중매체 경험이 다문화 아동에 대한 사회적 거리감에 정적 영향을 미치는 것이 확인되었고, 교사의 다문화 인식도 아동의 사회적 거리감에 정적 영향을 미치고 있었다. 또한, 다문화 대중매체 경험과 사회적 거리감의 관계에서 교사의 다문화 수용도는 부분매개 효과를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 일반가정 아동의 다문화 대중매체 경험이 다문화 가정 아동에 대한 사회적 거리감에 영향을 미치기 때문에, 대중매체에서 나타나는 다문화적 편견을 배제하기위한 노력과 함께 교사의 다문화 인식의 개선을 위한 노력이 병행되어야 한다는 것을 시사해준다.