중국의 전통 문화 유산은 고대 중국의 뛰어난 건축 기술과 미적 감각 을 보여주는 좋은 수단이며, 유구한 전통과 고유한 풍습을 고스란히 반 영하고 있다. 푸젠성 흙보루(土堡)는 주로 복건성에 분포하는 중국의 전 통 가옥 중 하나이며, 지역의 문화적 특성이 뚜렷하게 나타나는 방어용 가옥이다. 본 연구의 목적은 푸젠성 흙보루를 연구의 대상으로 선정하여 푸젠성 흙보루에 나타나는 건축 문화의 특징을 분석하고, 이를 통해 흙 보루 문화의 전승 방법을 제안하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 현장 조사 및 문 헌 분석을 기반으로 푸젠성 흙보루의 역사적, 문화적 배경과 공간 배치 의 측면에서 푸젠성 흙보루의 발생 배경과 건축 문화에 대한 정리 작업 을 진행하였다. 연구결과， 푸젠성 흙보루의 건축 문화에는 역사적 발전 배경, 부지 선정 문화, 공간 배치 문화, 기능적 구성 등 여러 요소가 반 영되어 있는데, 이는 특수한 역사적 배경 및 고유의 환경적 요소가 복합 적으로 결합한 결과이다. 푸젠성 흙보루의 건축 문화는 중국 전통의 건 축 문화에 기반하며, 최종적으로 지역의 자연 및 사회 환경에 적응하며 형성되었다. 본 연구가 지역의 전통 문화 전승과 중국의 전통 주거 문화 유산의 발전에 긍정적인 역할을 할 수 있을거라 기대한다.

중국 동북지방의 조선족 전통민가는 함경도와 평안도, 그리고 만주 지방형을 토대로 다양한 평면구성형태를 구성하고 있 다. 특히 길림성, 흑룡강성, 요녕성 내륙지역과 중-러 국경지역에 산재된 조선족 민가는 두만강, 압록강 등 집중거주지역에 분포된 조선족 전통 민가와는 달리 이문화의 갈등과 동화 속에서 지역특성에 알맞은 공간형태의 변형을 돋보이고 있다. 그 중 띠캉 공간의 출현이 가장 대표적이다. 바닥을 원형으로 조성된 한족, 만주족 전통민가의 단순공간변형과는 대조적으로 조선족 전통민가의 띠캉은 마루방을 원형으로 주생활 행위의 계절성 변용에 집중하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 띠캉(地炕) 공간을 중심으로 조선족전통민가의 공간변형과 주생활 양식의 변천에 대한 고찰을 통해 주문화의 전통지속과 농촌주거의 진흥에 도모하고자 한다.

As a part of the research on existing structures of private homes from Joseon Era. Focusing on one hundred twenty five-purlin houses, the current study investigated the features and characteristics of the house structure from style, size, proportion and roof pitch, and measurements of key parts, and developed the following conclusions. Most are single-houses (89, 83%), and among them, there are 47 single front-terrace houses (39%), which is the highest number. The sizes of lower house structure do not differ greatly depending on the vertical structure, and single rear terrace house and double-house have relatively larger side sizes. The size of upper structure is larger in double-houses compared to other vertical structures, indicating a relatively higher roof. The cross-section measurement of major parts show that double-houses are larger than single-houses by 3cm in pillar, 3-4.5cm in crossbeam length, and 4.5cm in crossbeam width. However, Janghyeo width was consistent at 7.5 to 10.5cm, maintaining uniformity regardless of vertical structure of the houses. In addition, the cross-section measurements decreased from sixteenth to nineteenth century, with the size of pillar size decreasing the most. The result that the Janghyeo width is not related to the house structure house confirmed that the Janghyeo width was kept consistent regardless of the size of the house structure.

This study researches the relationship between the Folk houses in Heung Yang-islands and the Ulleung-island Folk Houses in Modern Age. Fork houses reflect cultural and geographical features synthetically and concretely. Fork houses contain the thoughts of residents and have been built rationally and economically, therefore studying fork houses is a very meaningful task. This study has a focus on the elements which influenced fork houses of Ulleungdo at the time when fork houses were constructed officially. There have been studies on fork houses of Ulleungdo limited in embrasive characteristics, space construction and arrangement. So, the purpose of this study is to investigate about the element and background of Ulleung-island Folk Houses in Modern Age.

중국전통민가건축은 다양화의 특점이 있다. 중국은 국토가 광활하고 다양한 지리환경이 있으며 따라서 생산생활방법과 종교신앙은 직접적으로 부동한 민족과 지역의 주거문화를 이루었다. 이런 다양한 전통민가건축은 중요한 역사문화유산으로 매우 높은 기술과 예술가치를 가진다. 북경전통사합원은 길림조선족주민은 각기 화북지역과 동북지역의 대표적인 건축으로 이들은 제각기 다른 지역요소와 기후요소의 영향을 받았고 따라서 서로 다른 지역특점을 가지고 있다. 이외에 문화학습 전통재료 및 민간 기예 등 면에서도 차이를 보이고 있다. 따라서 이런 차이점은 서로 다른 주거문화의 특성을 보여준다.

한국산 가는나방과는 가는나방아과, 민가는나방아과, 귤굴나방아과를 포함하 며, 국내에 각각 17종, 28종, 1종이 기록되어 총 46종이 있다. 그러나 지리적으로 가 까운 일본의 경우 2011년 기준으로 가는나방과 79종, 민가는나방아과 144종, 귤굴 나방아과 15종이 각각 확인되어 있어, 향후 국내에도 가는나방과의 종이 추가적으 로 기록이 될 가능성이 높을 것으로 판단, 본 연구를 진행한 결과 울산시 울주군 고 헌산 일대에서 가는나방과에 속하는 3종을 확인하였다. 유충에 의해 식해된 식물 을 채집하여 실내 사육한 결과 가는나방아과의 붉나무가는나방(Acrocercops deversa Meyrick), 굴피가는나방(Acrocercops transecta Meyrick)이 확인되었고, 야간 등화 채집을 통하여 귤굴나방아과에 속하는 미기록 1종(Phyllocnstis toparcha Meyrick)이 확인되었다. 현재까지 국내에 분포하는 귤굴나방아과에는 귤굴나방 (Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton) 1종 만이 알려져 있었다. 본래 귤굴나방아과는 독 립적인 귤굴나방과였으나, Van Nieukerken et al. (2011) 이 새롭게 정리한 나비목 분류체계에 의하여 귤굴나방아과로 가는나방과에 포함되었다.

The aim of this study is to identify the floor plan types of folk houses or traditional vernacular dwellings found in Nagan Folk Village located in Joellanamdo province. Examining the floor plans appeared among 36 vernacular folk houses presumably built in the 19th century in the village by means of the changes in the number of bays of Anche, the mail block of the house, the study was also able to construct a spatial compositional process of floor plan development. The floor plan examination revealed that the basic floor plan type in Nagan folk housing was 'ㅡ' shape, a typical southern dwelling based on the existing classification. This basic type is consisted of three bays or rooms: Jeongji (kitchen), Anbang (large room), and Jageunbang (small room). New spaces or rooms are added to this three room house to expand the house as the residential functions become more complex, such as more living and storage spaces. The expansion appears to have two direction. On the one hand, it has been taken place by inserting Marea, an open wooden floor living space between Anbang and Jageunbang to meet the extended living demand. On the other, Jeongjibang, a second kitchen/storage has been attached to Jeongji outward for extra cooking and storage. This two-way expansion shows the trend of symmetric expansion between cooking, storing space and dwelling space. It can be implied that the arrangement of house rooms has been structurally formulated and shared by the farmer-builders in the 19th century in Nagan village who appeared to be influenced by fixed images for housing.

This study mainly examined the unit space (room) called ‘MARI’ of the private houses that were built between the 19c and the early 20c in the insular areas of southwestern sea. Generally, this region has unique historicity (restructure of the insular environment in the 17c and the 18c) and geographic environment that are different from inland regions thus the environment is presumed as a related factor to developments and structures of the private houses. ‘MARI’ is a noticeable space that is installed in a main building without an exception even in small 3 bedroom private houses. Its nature has location and usage distinctions in an architectural plan with similar ‘MARU’ of inland Jeollanam-Do. There are large crocks filled with grains at MARI. Thus, MARI is a storage room. Mostly rice and various other kinds of grains are stored in the several crocks, large and small. Many household goods are kept here as well. Another peculiar function of MARI is that this space commonly enshrines ancestral tablets of three generations. Hence, MARI takes a role of a shrine of an aristocratic house from an inland region. Considering the size of the house and space, this seems to be a very unprecedented utilization of area. MARI is located at the top (at the head of the house) on the floor plan. In other words, it is located at the space in the highest rank. The importance of ancestor worship and grains is evinced architecturally. It is really interesting fact that MARI is also located within recently built modern houses (Cheongsan Island, Joyak Island, etc.). Therefore, it can be said that the unique MARI tradition of this region has an intact continuity even today. After all, MARI has a great significance as a unique unit space of insular areas of southwestern sea that is installed in the main buildings of all houses regardless of size and shape of the houses, and their insular locations.

The purpose of this study is to find out the plan type of traditional folk housing in Jeoun-Nam Province. The building time of these houses is mainly from early 19C to early 20C and about 1,000 houses have been investigated. The conclusion of this research is 1. Small house is composed of kitchen, one or two rooms and Marae(the place of storage and sacrificial rite). Big house has one more room and one more storage in comparison with the small house. Marae and Jeoungjibang(a room which is in front of kitchen) are characteristic rooms of folk house in Jeoun-Nam Province. 2. The plan type varies in Jeoun-Nam Province. '-'type is a main type of layout and it is arranged a kitchen, a big room, a Marae and a small room in order. In the big house, jeoungjibang(the third room) is added. 3. In the southwestern Island area, no room is arranged beside Marae. Marae has characteristic confucian order because it is the place of sacrificial rite. Therefore there is a great difference in comparison with other area. 4. In the mountain area such as Gurae, there are some houses which have two rooms arranged up and down in one side; that is, upside is Marae and downside is small room. This type is called Kyump Jip.