The objective of this study is to identify the priority of elements for effective implementation of MES in small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises trying to develop into smart factories. For this purpose, the Delphi method and the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) mothod are applied. As a result of the study, the cooperation of the members in the supply chain is the most important factor for small and medium-sized enterprises in order to survive in the global competitive environment. Therefore, the enterprises need to make various efforts to create synergies through the technical strength of suppliers and the cooperation in the process of introducing and operating MES.

본 연구는 서울 및 수도권에 거주하는 중소 제조기업의 조직구성원을 대상으로 하여 기업의 환경에서 심리적 주인의식을 매개로 조직공정성이 직무만족에 미치는 영향을 규명하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구는 유의 표집법을 적용하였으며 최종 분석에 사용된 표본 수는 269부이며 입력된 자료는 SPSS 20.0 프로그램을 활용하여 통계분석 작업을 하였다. 분석 결과, 첫째, 조직공정성의 하위 3가지 요인인 분배 공정성, 절차 공정성, 상호작용 공정성은 직무만족에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나 타났다. 둘째, 조직공정성의 3가지 하위요인인 분배 공정성, 절차 공정성, 상호작용 공정성은 심리적 주인의식에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 주는 것으 로 나타났고, 셋째, 심리적 주인의식은 직무만족에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 심리적 주인의식은 조직공정성의 하위 3 가지 요인인 분배 공정성, 절차 공정성, 상호작용 공정성과 직무만족 간 의 관계를 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 중소 제조기업에서는 조직 공정성이 직무만족에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 요인임을 알 수 있었 다. 변화하는 중소 제조기업에서 조직공정성을 통해 직무만족을 높이는 조직 및 구성원 관리가 필요하다는 것을 시사한다고 볼 수 있다. 조직이 공정하다고 지각하는 것이 개개인의 심리적 주인의식이 많이 증가하게 되 어, 조직의 효율성 증대를 위하여 조직구성원 스스로가 노력하여 적극적으로 혁신 활동 참여와 헌신에 참여도를 높이면서 직무만족이 더욱더 큰 폭으로 상승할 수 있을 것으로 기대할 수 있다.

Recently, as ESG management has become an important issue, major companies in the automotive parts manufacturing industry are conducting ESG evaluations of their suppliers for the purpose of supply chain management. The results of these evaluations are being incorporated into contractual agreements. However, many small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) are lacking in their capacity and resources to effectively respond to ESG evaluations. Furthermore, existing ESG management guidelines do not provide an industry-specific guidance, making it necessary to establish industry-specific guidelines that SMEs can refer to. Therefore, in this study, the evaluation Indicators of ESG supply chain assessments are surveyed, which is conducted by domestic major automotive parts companies and global automobile manufacturers. Then 56 supply chain ESG evaluation Indicators are derived. Also, ESG management indicators for SMEs is analyzed through the Importance-Performance Analysis(IPA), based on an interview of expert groups. Therefore, this study could propose industry-specific ESG guidelines, based on the results of the derived indicators, which reflects the need for SMEs to practice ESG management within certain boundaries.

The purpose of this study is to suggest a plan to improve the level of acceptance of related technologies and the transition to smart factories of small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises by using ‘technology readiness’ and ‘integrated technology acceptance model’. To this end, the research hypothesis was verified by collecting questionnaire data from 130 small and medium- sized manufacturing companies in Korea and conducting path analysis. First, optimism affects performance expectations, social influence, and facilitation conditions, innovation affects performance expectations, effort expectations, and social influence, discomfort affects performance expectations, social influence, and facilitation conditions, and anxiety affects effort expectations, social influence and facilitation conditions. has been proven to affect Finally, performance expectations, effort expectations, social influence, and facilitation conditions were verified to have a significant positive effect on the intention to accept technology.

In this study, in order to confirm the relationship between technical innovation competence and corporate performance, the effect of technical innovation competence of small and medium-sized manufacturing companies on corporate performance was identified, and entrepreneurship, which plays a role as a driving force in triggering technical innovation competence, was analyzed to determine whether there is a mediating effect between them. To conduct the research, first, the research model was established by examining previous studies on technical innovation competence, entrepreneurship, and corporate performance. Second, an on-line and offline survey was conducted for employees in companies after constructing a questionnaire that can verify the hypothesis suitable for the research model. Third, the hypothesis was verified by performing validity and reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis using a statistical program. Results of this study, first, it was found that R&D competence and technology innovation system, which are elements of technical innovation competence, had a significant effect on financial performance, and technology innovation system and technology accumulation capacity, had a significant effect on non-financial performance. Second, it was analyzed that entrepreneurship has a mediating effect in both R&D capability, technological innovation system and technology accumulation capability, which are elements of technical innovation capability, and financial and non-financial performance, elements of corporate performance.

The present study identified several antecedents that create perceived resistance to supply chain management (SCM) change. This work particularly emphasizes SCM change, which is notable given its central role in reacting market orientation and varied environmental and managerial conditions. A careful case study on a small and medium sized food production company in South Korea leads to the formulation of our framework including one second-order construct of ‘resistance’ as well as eight first-order constructs of ‘implementing the payment terms’, ‘balancing of business process’, ‘fear of responsibility’, ‘business sustainability transparency’, ‘past experience of failure’, ‘competence of work personnel’, ‘cooperation with third parties’ and ‘sharing personnel information with partner’. The hypothesized relation of first- and second-order construct was validated using survey sample data collected from 350 respondents who completed their questionnaire instrument. Results from confirmatory factor analysis revealed that nomological validity was established at statistical significance level by identifying six first order constructs of ‘implementing the payment terms’, ‘fear of responsibility’, ‘business sustainability transparency’, ‘past experience of failure’, a conbined construct of 'competence of work personnel/ cooperation with third parties’ and ‘sharing personnel information with partner’. The findings from our work are expected to provide important insights to the strategy for SCM risk management for small and medium sized company.

This study is to develop a diagnostic model for the effective introduction of smart factories in the manufacturing industry, to diagnose SMEs that have difficulties in building their own smart factory compared to large enterprise, to identify the current level and to present directions for implementation. IT, AT, and OT experts diagnosed 18 SMEs using the "Smart Factory Capacity Diagnosis Tool" developed for smart factory level assessment of companies. They analyzed the results and assessed the level by smart factory diagnosis categories. Companies' smart factory diagnostic mean score is 322 out of 1000 points, between 1 level (check) and 2 level (monitoring). According to diagnosis category, Factory Field Basic, R&D, Production/Logistics/Quality Control, Supply Chain Management and Reference Information Standardization are high but Strategy, Facility Automation, Equipment Control, Data/Information System and Effect Analysis are low. There was little difference in smart factory level depending on whether IT system was built or not. Also, Companies with large sales amount were not necessarily advantageous to smart factories. This study will help SMEs who are interested in smart factory. In order to build smart factory, it is necessary to analyze the market trends, SW/ICT and establish a smart factory strategy suitable for the company considering the characteristics of industry and business environment.

With the recent development of manufacturing technology and the diversification of consumer needs, not only the process and quality control of production have become more complicated but also the kinds of information that manufacturing facilities provide the user about process have been diversified. Therefore the importance of big data analysis also has been raised. However, most small and medium enterprises (SMEs) lack the systematic infrastructure of big data management and analysis. In particular, due to the nature of domestic manufacturing companies that rely on foreign manufacturers for most of their manufacturing facilities, the need for their own data analysis and manufacturing support applications is increasing and research has been conducted in Korea. This study proposes integrated analysis platform for process and quality analysis, considering manufacturing big data database (DB) and data characteristics. The platform is implemented in two versions, Web and C/S, to enhance accessibility which perform template based quality analysis and real-time monitoring. The user can upload data from their local PC or DB and run analysis by combining single analysis module in template in a way they want since the platform is not optimized for a particular manufacturing process. Also Java and R are used as the development language for ease of system supplementation. It is expected that the platform will be available at a low price and evolve the ability of quality analysis in SMEs.

Today, the management environment of the manufacturing industry is faced with drastic changes. The manufacturing industry is planning to innovate for itself via upgrading manufacturing technology and securing manufacturing competitiveness through 'Industry 4.0' and 'Manufacturing 3.0' strategies combined with ICT (information and communications technologies) for smart factory construction. In addition, as the era of the fourth industrial revolution began, the smart factory is emerging as a new paradigm that can lead to new changes in the manufacturing industry and achieve sustainable development. However, most of SMEs (small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises) in Korea have very low technology, investment capital and expertise for smartization, and the level of informatization is so low that they cannot build basic systems such as a management module of production records. Therefore, this study proposes a framework that integrates cloud-based production data management and production scheduling with intuitive rules for smart production site management of SMEs. The main features of the proposed framework for SMEs are as follows: 1) the collection and management of production data using the cloud system; 2) operation management using intuitive heuristic algorithm; 3) production scheduling through timing constraints-based simulation.

Smart Manufacturing Factory is a paradigm of the future lead to the fourth industrial revolution that led Germany and the United States. Now the automation of the production facility and won a certain degree, and through the process of integrating the entire process, including planning, design, distribution of information and communication technology products in emerging as a core competitiveness of the national economy. In particular, the company accelerated the smart factory building in order to improve the manufacturing industry, cost savings and productivity simply to incorporate internet of things(IoT),Robot, artificial intelligence, big data technology as a factory automation level of sophistication of the system and out to progress to the level that replaces human labor have. In this we should look at the trend of promoting domestic and foreign factories want to present these smart strategies for Korea.

To promote the efficiency of production process of small and medium sized company, government conducts production information business that collects and analyzes information of production field automatically and helps process' controlling and supervising by supporting costs of purchase, installment, etc. of hard-software and network related to middle and small sized company intending e-Manufacturing of production field with computer and information & communication network. As a result, the number of middle and small sized companies that introduce and manage production information system is increased. Therefore, the purposes of this research are to arrange contents of production information system introduced to solve current problems of middle and small sized companies and analyze effects of small and middle sized companies' introduction through example companies.

Product liability (PL), which began enforcement in 2002, refers to the legal responsibility of the manufacturers or sellers (wholesales or retailers) for the property damage or bodily harm caused by their product. With a strong enforcement of the Product Liability (PL) Act, companies are required to structure and operate a response system to defend or prevent product accidents efficiently, but small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are unable to respond more aggressively due to limitation of management resources. In this manner, it is important to develop response strategies for SMEs to efficiently cope with the PL Act. In this paper, the PEST (Political, Economic, Social, and Technological) analysis is performed to reveal the impact of the PL Act on SMEs in macro-economic point of view. To formulate SME’s PL response strategy, SWOT analysis is performed to categorize each factors from PEST analysis and AHP is applied to identify the intensities of SWOT factors. The prioritized SWOT factor, results of PEST-SWOT-AHP analysis, are used to formulate SME’s PL response strategies. The study results are briefly summarized as follows. To reduce product defects, it is necessary for SMEs to formulate PL response strategies for each phase of the product life cycle by continuously collecting and analyzing PL cases in the same industry or for similar products. In addition, SMEs should invest more technological effort to ensure product safety. Further, SMEs should spread PL awareness to all staff members by training internal PL experts. Moreover, a SME should enroll in PL insurance and spread this information to its customers so that they become aware that the company is proactively conforming to the PL law.

Many enterprises have been adopting management systems good enough for them and operating the schemes to have competitive edge better than their competitor. One of the finest systems that most companies have been selecting is ISO 14001. ISO 14001, environment management system, is widely known as advancing internal efficiency and productivity in the various industries. As a result, the number of companies that have adopted ISO 14001’s certification have been increasing continuously year by year since ISO 14000 standard was called in 1994s from ISO 18000 standard that originally used. The purpose of this study is to present that ISO 14001’s requirement execution influences on management performance in the small manufacturer. In order to carry out this research, we obtained 96 survey sheets and inspected ten assumptions based on the reliability, validity of the questionnaires. The results of regression analysis are summarized as follows; First, the three factors of ISO 14001 requirement, plan, implementation and operation and management consideration, have an important effect on the operational performance. Second, the three elements of ISO 14001 requirement, environment policy, implementation and operation and management consideration, affect to the financial performance significantly. Based on the results, it is sure that the companies that execute the factors of implementation and operation and management policy have a good performance to achieve operational and financial performance so that it is important to clarify the member’s role, authority and follow the procedure by a company’s process. Also, the truth shows CEO’s continuous will and periodical review of ISO 14001 influence on management performance as well.

ISO 9001, quality management system, is widely known as advancing internal efficiency and productivity in various industry. As a result, the number of companies that have adopted ISO 9001’s certification have been increasing continuously year by year since ISO 9000’ family standard was published in 1987s. This fact shows that a lot of businesses are trying to get the accreditation for improving the competitiveness of quality. The purpose of this study is to present that ISO 9001’s certification motives affect to the requirement’s implementation and show that the execution of requirements influences on management performance in the small manufacturer. In order to carry out this research, we obtained 96 survey sheets and inspected twenty assumptions based on the reliability, validity of the questionnaires. The results of regression analysis are summarized as follows; First, the factors of certification motive influence on the requirement’s implementation except resources management. Second, the two elements of ISO 9001 requirement, resources management and product realization, have an important effect on the operational performance and financial performance considerably in the companies that choose the internal motive. Finally, the two requisites of ISO 9001 requirement, resources management and measurement, analysis and improvement, affect to the operational performance and financial performance significantly in the businesses that select the external motive. Based on the results, the companies that choose the internal motive have a good performance to execute the ISO 9001 requirements. Also, to implement the requirements of ISO 9001 is helpful for the companies to produce the operational and financial performance.

본 연구는 CEO의 혁신성, 학습적 문화, 정보 시스템 활용 수준이 기업의 혁신성과에 미치는 영향 그리고 이러 한 혁신성과가 기업의 경제적 성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보는데 주요 목적이 있다. 김해시에서 활동하 고 있는 중소제조기업 122개를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 구조방정식을 통해 분석한 결과, CEO의 혁신성과 학습 문화는 각각 기업의 혁신 성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치며 그리고 기업의 혁신 성과는 기업의 경제적 성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 본 연구는 혁신은 대기업의 전유물이 아니며 대기업에게만 효과가 있는 것이 아니라 자원 이 부족하지만 CEO의 경영 스타일과 학습적 문화와 같이 거대한 자본을 들이지 않는 혁신활동으로도 기업의 혁 신을 이끌 수 있다는 것을 제안한다. 또한, 중소기업에게 있어 혁신이 기업 성과를 결정하는 요인으로 밝혀졌기 에 중소기업의 CEO는 실무적으로 이를 활용할 수 있을 것이다. 그리고 마지막으로, 본 연구에서는 기존 문헌과 달리 혁신성과를 경제적 성과와 연결하여 살펴보았다는데 큰 의의가 있다.

The purpose of this study is to present that the entrepreneurial orientation affects to management performance in the small manufacturer. In order to carry out this research, we obtained 171 survey sheets and inspected seven assumptions based on the reliability, validity of the questionnaires. The results of regression analysis are summarized as follows; First, the factor of entrepreneurial orientation, innovative-ness, influences on the technical innovation performance and financial performance significantly. Second, the element of entrepreneurial orientation, proactive-ness, has an important effect on the technical innovation performance and financial performance. Finally, the requisite of entrepreneurial orientation, risk taking, affects to the technical innovation performance significantly, but not the financial performance. Based on the results, the companies that achieve the technical innovation and financial performance have an atmosphere to encourage to perform the research and development works and find out innovative ideas and improvement points in processes. However, the entrepreneur is required to take careful judgement for determining the uncertain circumstance.

This paper is present the Technology Orientation affects to Enterprise Management Performance. In order to carry out this research, we obtained 212 survey sheets and inspected ten assumptions based on the reliability, validity of the questionnaires. The results of regression analysis are summarized as follows; First, the factor of Technology Orientation, research development activity, affects to all factor of Enterprise Management Performance significantly. Second, the factor of Technology Orientation, research development environment, only effect on the technology performance. Third, research development ability is affect to technology performance and new product performance that factor of Enterprise Management Performance. Finally, technology industrialization ability isn’t affects to Enterprise Management Performance significantly. Based on the results, we are recommendations for small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises.